A typical roof here lands around 5.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 937 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 25.6p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £760, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 13.4 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1874 kWh | 749 kWh | 1124 kWh | £191 | £112 | £304 | £4,069 | 13.4 yrs | £2,009 |
| 3 kW | 2810 kWh | 1124 kWh | 1686 kWh | £287 | £169 | £456 | £6,104 | 13.4 yrs | £3,014 |
| 4 kW | 3747 kWh | 1499 kWh | 2248 kWh | £383 | £225 | £608 | £8,138 | 13.4 yrs | £4,018 |
| 5 kW | 4684 kWh | 1874 kWh | 2810 kWh | £479 | £281 | £760 | £10,173 | 13.4 yrs | £5,023 |
| 6 kW | 5621 kWh | 2248 kWh | 3373 kWh | £574 | £337 | £912 | £12,207 | 13.4 yrs | £6,027 |
| 7 kW | 6558 kWh | 2623 kWh | 3935 kWh | £670 | £393 | £1,064 | £14,242 | 13.4 yrs | £7,032 |
| 8 kW | 7495 kWh | 2998 kWh | 4497 kWh | £766 | £450 | £1,216 | £16,276 | 13.4 yrs | £8,037 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £905, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 13.6 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1874 kWh | 1124 kWh | 749 kWh | £287 | £75 | £362 | £6,169 | 17.0 yrs | £1,075 |
| 3 kW | 2810 kWh | 1686 kWh | 1124 kWh | £431 | £112 | £543 | £8,204 | 15.1 yrs | £2,662 |
| 4 kW | 3747 kWh | 2248 kWh | 1499 kWh | £574 | £150 | £724 | £10,238 | 14.1 yrs | £4,249 |
| 5 kW | 4684 kWh | 2810 kWh | 1874 kWh | £718 | £187 | £905 | £12,273 | 13.6 yrs | £5,836 |
| 6 kW | 5621 kWh | 3373 kWh | 2248 kWh | £862 | £225 | £1,087 | £14,307 | 13.2 yrs | £7,424 |
| 7 kW | 6558 kWh | 3935 kWh | 2623 kWh | £1,005 | £262 | £1,268 | £16,342 | 12.9 yrs | £9,011 |
| 8 kW | 7495 kWh | 4497 kWh | 2998 kWh | £1,149 | £300 | £1,449 | £18,376 | 12.7 yrs | £10,598 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £978, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 14.0 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1874 kWh | 1312 kWh | 562 kWh | £335 | £56 | £391 | £7,569 | 19.3 yrs | £257 |
| 3 kW | 2810 kWh | 1967 kWh | 843 kWh | £503 | £84 | £587 | £9,604 | 16.4 yrs | £2,136 |
| 4 kW | 3747 kWh | 2623 kWh | 1124 kWh | £670 | £112 | £783 | £11,638 | 14.9 yrs | £4,015 |
| 5 kW | 4684 kWh | 3279 kWh | 1405 kWh | £838 | £141 | £978 | £13,673 | 14.0 yrs | £5,893 |
| 6 kW | 5621 kWh | 3935 kWh | 1686 kWh | £1,005 | £169 | £1,174 | £15,707 | 13.4 yrs | £7,772 |
| 7 kW | 6558 kWh | 4590 kWh | 1967 kWh | £1,173 | £197 | £1,370 | £17,742 | 13.0 yrs | £9,650 |
| 8 kW | 7495 kWh | 5246 kWh | 2248 kWh | £1,340 | £225 | £1,565 | £19,776 | 12.6 yrs | £11,529 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,000, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 15.4 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1874 kWh | 1368 kWh | 506 kWh | £349 | £51 | £400 | £9,319 | 23.3 yrs | £-1,318 |
| 3 kW | 2810 kWh | 2052 kWh | 759 kWh | £524 | £76 | £600 | £11,354 | 18.9 yrs | £648 |
| 4 kW | 3747 kWh | 2736 kWh | 1012 kWh | £699 | £101 | £800 | £13,388 | 16.7 yrs | £2,614 |
| 5 kW | 4684 kWh | 3419 kWh | 1265 kWh | £874 | £126 | £1,000 | £15,423 | 15.4 yrs | £4,580 |
| 6 kW | 5621 kWh | 4103 kWh | 1518 kWh | £1,048 | £152 | £1,200 | £17,457 | 14.5 yrs | £6,546 |
| 7 kW | 6558 kWh | 4787 kWh | 1771 kWh | £1,223 | £177 | £1,400 | £19,492 | 13.9 yrs | £8,512 |
| 8 kW | 7495 kWh | 5471 kWh | 2024 kWh | £1,398 | £202 | £1,600 | £21,526 | 13.5 yrs | £10,478 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,015, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 16.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1874 kWh | 1405 kWh | 468 kWh | £359 | £47 | £406 | £11,069 | 27.3 yrs | £-2,951 |
| 3 kW | 2810 kWh | 2108 kWh | 703 kWh | £539 | £70 | £609 | £13,104 | 21.5 yrs | £-927 |
| 4 kW | 3747 kWh | 2810 kWh | 937 kWh | £718 | £94 | £812 | £15,138 | 18.6 yrs | £1,097 |
| 5 kW | 4684 kWh | 3513 kWh | 1171 kWh | £898 | £117 | £1,015 | £17,173 | 16.9 yrs | £3,122 |
| 6 kW | 5621 kWh | 4216 kWh | 1405 kWh | £1,077 | £141 | £1,218 | £19,207 | 15.8 yrs | £5,146 |
| 7 kW | 6558 kWh | 4918 kWh | 1639 kWh | £1,257 | £164 | £1,421 | £21,242 | 15.0 yrs | £7,170 |
| 8 kW | 7495 kWh | 5621 kWh | 1874 kWh | £1,436 | £187 | £1,624 | £23,276 | 14.3 yrs | £9,194 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,029, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 19.1 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1874 kWh | 1443 kWh | 431 kWh | £369 | £43 | £412 | £13,519 | 32.8 yrs | £-5,285 |
| 3 kW | 2810 kWh | 2164 kWh | 646 kWh | £553 | £65 | £618 | £15,554 | 25.2 yrs | £-3,202 |
| 4 kW | 3747 kWh | 2885 kWh | 862 kWh | £737 | £86 | £823 | £17,588 | 21.4 yrs | £-1,120 |
| 5 kW | 4684 kWh | 3607 kWh | 1077 kWh | £922 | £108 | £1,029 | £19,623 | 19.1 yrs | £963 |
| 6 kW | 5621 kWh | 4328 kWh | 1293 kWh | £1,106 | £129 | £1,235 | £21,657 | 17.5 yrs | £3,045 |
| 7 kW | 6558 kWh | 5050 kWh | 1508 kWh | £1,290 | £151 | £1,441 | £23,692 | 16.4 yrs | £5,128 |
| 8 kW | 7495 kWh | 5771 kWh | 1724 kWh | £1,474 | £172 | £1,647 | £25,726 | 15.6 yrs | £7,211 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.