A typical roof here lands around 5.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 943 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 25.6p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £764, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 13.3 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1885 kWh | 754 kWh | 1131 kWh | £193 | £113 | £306 | £4,069 | 13.3 yrs | £2,047 |
| 3 kW | 2828 kWh | 1131 kWh | 1697 kWh | £289 | £170 | £459 | £6,104 | 13.3 yrs | £3,070 |
| 4 kW | 3770 kWh | 1508 kWh | 2262 kWh | £385 | £226 | £612 | £8,138 | 13.3 yrs | £4,093 |
| 5 kW | 4713 kWh | 1885 kWh | 2828 kWh | £482 | £283 | £764 | £10,173 | 13.3 yrs | £5,117 |
| 6 kW | 5656 kWh | 2262 kWh | 3393 kWh | £578 | £339 | £917 | £12,207 | 13.3 yrs | £6,140 |
| 7 kW | 6598 kWh | 2639 kWh | 3959 kWh | £674 | £396 | £1,070 | £14,242 | 13.3 yrs | £7,163 |
| 8 kW | 7541 kWh | 3016 kWh | 4525 kWh | £771 | £452 | £1,223 | £16,276 | 13.3 yrs | £8,187 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £911, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 13.5 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1885 kWh | 1131 kWh | 754 kWh | £289 | £75 | £364 | £6,169 | 16.9 yrs | £1,119 |
| 3 kW | 2828 kWh | 1697 kWh | 1131 kWh | £434 | £113 | £547 | £8,204 | 15.0 yrs | £2,729 |
| 4 kW | 3770 kWh | 2262 kWh | 1508 kWh | £578 | £151 | £729 | £10,238 | 14.0 yrs | £4,339 |
| 5 kW | 4713 kWh | 2828 kWh | 1885 kWh | £723 | £189 | £911 | £12,273 | 13.5 yrs | £5,948 |
| 6 kW | 5656 kWh | 3393 kWh | 2262 kWh | £867 | £226 | £1,093 | £14,307 | 13.1 yrs | £7,558 |
| 7 kW | 6598 kWh | 3959 kWh | 2639 kWh | £1,012 | £264 | £1,275 | £16,342 | 12.8 yrs | £9,168 |
| 8 kW | 7541 kWh | 4525 kWh | 3016 kWh | £1,156 | £302 | £1,458 | £18,376 | 12.6 yrs | £10,777 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £984, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 13.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1885 kWh | 1320 kWh | 566 kWh | £337 | £57 | £394 | £7,569 | 19.2 yrs | £306 |
| 3 kW | 2828 kWh | 1980 kWh | 848 kWh | £506 | £85 | £591 | £9,604 | 16.3 yrs | £2,208 |
| 4 kW | 3770 kWh | 2639 kWh | 1131 kWh | £674 | £113 | £787 | £11,638 | 14.8 yrs | £4,111 |
| 5 kW | 4713 kWh | 3299 kWh | 1414 kWh | £843 | £141 | £984 | £13,673 | 13.9 yrs | £6,014 |
| 6 kW | 5656 kWh | 3959 kWh | 1697 kWh | £1,012 | £170 | £1,181 | £15,707 | 13.3 yrs | £7,917 |
| 7 kW | 6598 kWh | 4619 kWh | 1980 kWh | £1,180 | £198 | £1,378 | £17,742 | 12.9 yrs | £9,820 |
| 8 kW | 7541 kWh | 5279 kWh | 2262 kWh | £1,349 | £226 | £1,575 | £19,776 | 12.6 yrs | £11,723 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,006, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 15.3 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1885 kWh | 1376 kWh | 509 kWh | £352 | £51 | £403 | £9,319 | 23.2 yrs | £-1,268 |
| 3 kW | 2828 kWh | 2064 kWh | 764 kWh | £527 | £76 | £604 | £11,354 | 18.8 yrs | £722 |
| 4 kW | 3770 kWh | 2752 kWh | 1018 kWh | £703 | £102 | £805 | £13,388 | 16.6 yrs | £2,713 |
| 5 kW | 4713 kWh | 3441 kWh | 1273 kWh | £879 | £127 | £1,006 | £15,423 | 15.3 yrs | £4,704 |
| 6 kW | 5656 kWh | 4129 kWh | 1527 kWh | £1,055 | £153 | £1,208 | £17,457 | 14.5 yrs | £6,695 |
| 7 kW | 6598 kWh | 4817 kWh | 1782 kWh | £1,231 | £178 | £1,409 | £19,492 | 13.8 yrs | £8,685 |
| 8 kW | 7541 kWh | 5505 kWh | 2036 kWh | £1,407 | £204 | £1,610 | £21,526 | 13.4 yrs | £10,676 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,021, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 16.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1885 kWh | 1414 kWh | 471 kWh | £361 | £47 | £408 | £11,069 | 27.1 yrs | £-2,901 |
| 3 kW | 2828 kWh | 2121 kWh | 707 kWh | £542 | £71 | £613 | £13,104 | 21.4 yrs | £-852 |
| 4 kW | 3770 kWh | 2828 kWh | 943 kWh | £723 | £94 | £817 | £15,138 | 18.5 yrs | £1,198 |
| 5 kW | 4713 kWh | 3535 kWh | 1178 kWh | £903 | £118 | £1,021 | £17,173 | 16.8 yrs | £3,247 |
| 6 kW | 5656 kWh | 4242 kWh | 1414 kWh | £1,084 | £141 | £1,225 | £19,207 | 15.7 yrs | £5,296 |
| 7 kW | 6598 kWh | 4949 kWh | 1650 kWh | £1,264 | £165 | £1,429 | £21,242 | 14.9 yrs | £7,346 |
| 8 kW | 7541 kWh | 5656 kWh | 1885 kWh | £1,445 | £189 | £1,634 | £23,276 | 14.2 yrs | £9,395 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,036, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 18.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1885 kWh | 1452 kWh | 434 kWh | £371 | £43 | £414 | £13,519 | 32.6 yrs | £-5,234 |
| 3 kW | 2828 kWh | 2177 kWh | 650 kWh | £556 | £65 | £621 | £15,554 | 25.0 yrs | £-3,126 |
| 4 kW | 3770 kWh | 2903 kWh | 867 kWh | £742 | £87 | £829 | £17,588 | 21.2 yrs | £-1,018 |
| 5 kW | 4713 kWh | 3629 kWh | 1084 kWh | £927 | £108 | £1,036 | £19,623 | 18.9 yrs | £1,090 |
| 6 kW | 5656 kWh | 4355 kWh | 1301 kWh | £1,113 | £130 | £1,243 | £21,657 | 17.4 yrs | £3,198 |
| 7 kW | 6598 kWh | 5081 kWh | 1518 kWh | £1,298 | £152 | £1,450 | £23,692 | 16.3 yrs | £5,306 |
| 8 kW | 7541 kWh | 5807 kWh | 1734 kWh | £1,484 | £173 | £1,657 | £25,726 | 15.5 yrs | £7,414 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.