A typical roof here lands around 5.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 956 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 25.6p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £775, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 13.1 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1912 kWh | 765 kWh | 1147 kWh | £195 | £115 | £310 | £4,069 | 13.1 yrs | £2,135 |
| 3 kW | 2869 kWh | 1147 kWh | 1721 kWh | £293 | £172 | £465 | £6,104 | 13.1 yrs | £3,202 |
| 4 kW | 3825 kWh | 1530 kWh | 2295 kWh | £391 | £229 | £620 | £8,138 | 13.1 yrs | £4,269 |
| 5 kW | 4781 kWh | 1912 kWh | 2869 kWh | £489 | £287 | £775 | £10,173 | 13.1 yrs | £5,337 |
| 6 kW | 5737 kWh | 2295 kWh | 3442 kWh | £586 | £344 | £931 | £12,207 | 13.1 yrs | £6,404 |
| 7 kW | 6693 kWh | 2677 kWh | 4016 kWh | £684 | £402 | £1,086 | £14,242 | 13.1 yrs | £7,471 |
| 8 kW | 7649 kWh | 3060 kWh | 4590 kWh | £782 | £459 | £1,241 | £16,276 | 13.1 yrs | £8,539 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £924, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 13.3 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1912 kWh | 1147 kWh | 765 kWh | £293 | £76 | £370 | £6,169 | 16.7 yrs | £1,224 |
| 3 kW | 2869 kWh | 1721 kWh | 1147 kWh | £440 | £115 | £554 | £8,204 | 14.8 yrs | £2,886 |
| 4 kW | 3825 kWh | 2295 kWh | 1530 kWh | £586 | £153 | £739 | £10,238 | 13.8 yrs | £4,548 |
| 5 kW | 4781 kWh | 2869 kWh | 1912 kWh | £733 | £191 | £924 | £12,273 | 13.3 yrs | £6,210 |
| 6 kW | 5737 kWh | 3442 kWh | 2295 kWh | £879 | £229 | £1,109 | £14,307 | 12.9 yrs | £7,872 |
| 7 kW | 6693 kWh | 4016 kWh | 2677 kWh | £1,026 | £268 | £1,294 | £16,342 | 12.6 yrs | £9,535 |
| 8 kW | 7649 kWh | 4590 kWh | 3060 kWh | £1,173 | £306 | £1,479 | £18,376 | 12.4 yrs | £11,197 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £998, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 13.7 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1912 kWh | 1339 kWh | 574 kWh | £342 | £57 | £399 | £7,569 | 19.0 yrs | £419 |
| 3 kW | 2869 kWh | 2008 kWh | 861 kWh | £513 | £86 | £599 | £9,604 | 16.0 yrs | £2,378 |
| 4 kW | 3825 kWh | 2677 kWh | 1147 kWh | £684 | £115 | £799 | £11,638 | 14.6 yrs | £4,338 |
| 5 kW | 4781 kWh | 3347 kWh | 1434 kWh | £855 | £143 | £998 | £13,673 | 13.7 yrs | £6,297 |
| 6 kW | 5737 kWh | 4016 kWh | 1721 kWh | £1,026 | £172 | £1,198 | £15,707 | 13.1 yrs | £8,257 |
| 7 kW | 6693 kWh | 4685 kWh | 2008 kWh | £1,197 | £201 | £1,398 | £17,742 | 12.7 yrs | £10,216 |
| 8 kW | 7649 kWh | 5355 kWh | 2295 kWh | £1,368 | £229 | £1,598 | £19,776 | 12.4 yrs | £12,176 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,021, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 15.1 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1912 kWh | 1396 kWh | 516 kWh | £357 | £52 | £408 | £9,319 | 22.8 yrs | £-1,153 |
| 3 kW | 2869 kWh | 2094 kWh | 775 kWh | £535 | £77 | £612 | £11,354 | 18.5 yrs | £896 |
| 4 kW | 3825 kWh | 2792 kWh | 1033 kWh | £713 | £103 | £817 | £13,388 | 16.4 yrs | £2,945 |
| 5 kW | 4781 kWh | 3490 kWh | 1291 kWh | £892 | £129 | £1,021 | £15,423 | 15.1 yrs | £4,993 |
| 6 kW | 5737 kWh | 4188 kWh | 1549 kWh | £1,070 | £155 | £1,225 | £17,457 | 14.3 yrs | £7,042 |
| 7 kW | 6693 kWh | 4886 kWh | 1807 kWh | £1,248 | £181 | £1,429 | £19,492 | 13.6 yrs | £9,091 |
| 8 kW | 7649 kWh | 5584 kWh | 2065 kWh | £1,427 | £207 | £1,633 | £21,526 | 13.2 yrs | £11,139 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,036, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 16.6 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1912 kWh | 1434 kWh | 478 kWh | £366 | £48 | £414 | £11,069 | 26.7 yrs | £-2,784 |
| 3 kW | 2869 kWh | 2151 kWh | 717 kWh | £550 | £72 | £621 | £13,104 | 21.1 yrs | £-676 |
| 4 kW | 3825 kWh | 2869 kWh | 956 kWh | £733 | £96 | £829 | £15,138 | 18.3 yrs | £1,433 |
| 5 kW | 4781 kWh | 3586 kWh | 1195 kWh | £916 | £120 | £1,036 | £17,173 | 16.6 yrs | £3,541 |
| 6 kW | 5737 kWh | 4303 kWh | 1434 kWh | £1,099 | £143 | £1,243 | £19,207 | 15.5 yrs | £5,649 |
| 7 kW | 6693 kWh | 5020 kWh | 1673 kWh | £1,283 | £167 | £1,450 | £21,242 | 14.7 yrs | £7,757 |
| 8 kW | 7649 kWh | 5737 kWh | 1912 kWh | £1,466 | £191 | £1,657 | £23,276 | 14.0 yrs | £9,865 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,051, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 18.7 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1912 kWh | 1473 kWh | 440 kWh | £376 | £44 | £420 | £13,519 | 32.2 yrs | £-5,115 |
| 3 kW | 2869 kWh | 2209 kWh | 660 kWh | £564 | £66 | £630 | £15,554 | 24.7 yrs | £-2,947 |
| 4 kW | 3825 kWh | 2945 kWh | 880 kWh | £752 | £88 | £840 | £17,588 | 20.9 yrs | £-780 |
| 5 kW | 4781 kWh | 3681 kWh | 1100 kWh | £941 | £110 | £1,051 | £19,623 | 18.7 yrs | £1,388 |
| 6 kW | 5737 kWh | 4418 kWh | 1320 kWh | £1,129 | £132 | £1,261 | £21,657 | 17.2 yrs | £3,556 |
| 7 kW | 6693 kWh | 5154 kWh | 1539 kWh | £1,317 | £154 | £1,471 | £23,692 | 16.1 yrs | £5,723 |
| 8 kW | 7649 kWh | 5890 kWh | 1759 kWh | £1,505 | £176 | £1,681 | £25,726 | 15.3 yrs | £7,891 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.