A typical roof here lands around 3.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 946 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 25.6p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £767, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 13.3 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1892 kWh | 757 kWh | 1135 kWh | £193 | £114 | £307 | £4,069 | 13.3 yrs | £2,069 |
| 3 kW | 2838 kWh | 1135 kWh | 1703 kWh | £290 | £170 | £460 | £6,104 | 13.3 yrs | £3,104 |
| 4 kW | 3785 kWh | 1514 kWh | 2271 kWh | £387 | £227 | £614 | £8,138 | 13.3 yrs | £4,139 |
| 5 kW | 4731 kWh | 1892 kWh | 2838 kWh | £483 | £284 | £767 | £10,173 | 13.3 yrs | £5,174 |
| 6 kW | 5677 kWh | 2271 kWh | 3406 kWh | £580 | £341 | £921 | £12,207 | 13.3 yrs | £6,208 |
| 7 kW | 6623 kWh | 2649 kWh | 3974 kWh | £677 | £397 | £1,074 | £14,242 | 13.3 yrs | £7,243 |
| 8 kW | 7569 kWh | 3028 kWh | 4541 kWh | £774 | £454 | £1,228 | £16,276 | 13.3 yrs | £8,278 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £914, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 13.4 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1892 kWh | 1135 kWh | 757 kWh | £290 | £76 | £366 | £6,169 | 16.9 yrs | £1,146 |
| 3 kW | 2838 kWh | 1703 kWh | 1135 kWh | £435 | £114 | £549 | £8,204 | 15.0 yrs | £2,770 |
| 4 kW | 3785 kWh | 2271 kWh | 1514 kWh | £580 | £151 | £732 | £10,238 | 14.0 yrs | £4,393 |
| 5 kW | 4731 kWh | 2838 kWh | 1892 kWh | £725 | £189 | £914 | £12,273 | 13.4 yrs | £6,016 |
| 6 kW | 5677 kWh | 3406 kWh | 2271 kWh | £870 | £227 | £1,097 | £14,307 | 13.0 yrs | £7,639 |
| 7 kW | 6623 kWh | 3974 kWh | 2649 kWh | £1,015 | £265 | £1,280 | £16,342 | 12.8 yrs | £9,263 |
| 8 kW | 7569 kWh | 4541 kWh | 3028 kWh | £1,160 | £303 | £1,463 | £18,376 | 12.6 yrs | £10,886 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £988, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 13.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1892 kWh | 1325 kWh | 568 kWh | £338 | £57 | £395 | £7,569 | 19.2 yrs | £335 |
| 3 kW | 2838 kWh | 1987 kWh | 852 kWh | £508 | £85 | £593 | £9,604 | 16.2 yrs | £2,252 |
| 4 kW | 3785 kWh | 2649 kWh | 1135 kWh | £677 | £114 | £790 | £11,638 | 14.7 yrs | £4,170 |
| 5 kW | 4731 kWh | 3311 kWh | 1419 kWh | £846 | £142 | £988 | £13,673 | 13.8 yrs | £6,087 |
| 6 kW | 5677 kWh | 3974 kWh | 1703 kWh | £1,015 | £170 | £1,186 | £15,707 | 13.2 yrs | £8,005 |
| 7 kW | 6623 kWh | 4636 kWh | 1987 kWh | £1,185 | £199 | £1,383 | £17,742 | 12.8 yrs | £9,922 |
| 8 kW | 7569 kWh | 5298 kWh | 2271 kWh | £1,354 | £227 | £1,581 | £19,776 | 12.5 yrs | £11,840 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,010, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 15.3 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1892 kWh | 1381 kWh | 511 kWh | £353 | £51 | £404 | £9,319 | 23.1 yrs | £-1,239 |
| 3 kW | 2838 kWh | 2072 kWh | 766 kWh | £529 | £77 | £606 | £11,354 | 18.7 yrs | £767 |
| 4 kW | 3785 kWh | 2763 kWh | 1022 kWh | £706 | £102 | £808 | £13,388 | 16.6 yrs | £2,773 |
| 5 kW | 4731 kWh | 3453 kWh | 1277 kWh | £882 | £128 | £1,010 | £15,423 | 15.3 yrs | £4,779 |
| 6 kW | 5677 kWh | 4144 kWh | 1533 kWh | £1,059 | £153 | £1,212 | £17,457 | 14.4 yrs | £6,784 |
| 7 kW | 6623 kWh | 4835 kWh | 1788 kWh | £1,235 | £179 | £1,414 | £19,492 | 13.8 yrs | £8,790 |
| 8 kW | 7569 kWh | 5525 kWh | 2044 kWh | £1,412 | £204 | £1,616 | £21,526 | 13.3 yrs | £10,796 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,025, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 16.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1892 kWh | 1419 kWh | 473 kWh | £363 | £47 | £410 | £11,069 | 27.0 yrs | £-2,871 |
| 3 kW | 2838 kWh | 2129 kWh | 710 kWh | £544 | £71 | £615 | £13,104 | 21.3 yrs | £-806 |
| 4 kW | 3785 kWh | 2838 kWh | 946 kWh | £725 | £95 | £820 | £15,138 | 18.5 yrs | £1,258 |
| 5 kW | 4731 kWh | 3548 kWh | 1183 kWh | £907 | £118 | £1,025 | £17,173 | 16.8 yrs | £3,323 |
| 6 kW | 5677 kWh | 4258 kWh | 1419 kWh | £1,088 | £142 | £1,230 | £19,207 | 15.6 yrs | £5,388 |
| 7 kW | 6623 kWh | 4967 kWh | 1656 kWh | £1,269 | £166 | £1,435 | £21,242 | 14.8 yrs | £7,452 |
| 8 kW | 7569 kWh | 5677 kWh | 1892 kWh | £1,450 | £189 | £1,640 | £23,276 | 14.2 yrs | £9,517 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,039, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 18.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1892 kWh | 1457 kWh | 435 kWh | £372 | £44 | £416 | £13,519 | 32.5 yrs | £-5,203 |
| 3 kW | 2838 kWh | 2186 kWh | 653 kWh | £558 | £65 | £624 | £15,554 | 24.9 yrs | £-3,080 |
| 4 kW | 3785 kWh | 2914 kWh | 870 kWh | £745 | £87 | £832 | £17,588 | 21.1 yrs | £-956 |
| 5 kW | 4731 kWh | 3643 kWh | 1088 kWh | £931 | £109 | £1,039 | £19,623 | 18.9 yrs | £1,167 |
| 6 kW | 5677 kWh | 4371 kWh | 1306 kWh | £1,117 | £131 | £1,247 | £21,657 | 17.4 yrs | £3,291 |
| 7 kW | 6623 kWh | 5100 kWh | 1523 kWh | £1,303 | £152 | £1,455 | £23,692 | 16.3 yrs | £5,414 |
| 8 kW | 7569 kWh | 5828 kWh | 1741 kWh | £1,489 | £174 | £1,663 | £25,726 | 15.5 yrs | £7,538 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.