A typical roof here lands around 6.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 1025 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 26.9p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £859, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 11.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2050 kWh | 820 kWh | 1230 kWh | £221 | £123 | £344 | £4,069 | 11.8 yrs | £2,805 |
| 3 kW | 3075 kWh | 1230 kWh | 1845 kWh | £331 | £184 | £516 | £6,104 | 11.8 yrs | £4,207 |
| 4 kW | 4099 kWh | 1640 kWh | 2460 kWh | £441 | £246 | £687 | £8,138 | 11.8 yrs | £5,610 |
| 5 kW | 5124 kWh | 2050 kWh | 3075 kWh | £552 | £307 | £859 | £10,173 | 11.8 yrs | £7,012 |
| 6 kW | 6149 kWh | 2460 kWh | 3690 kWh | £662 | £369 | £1,031 | £12,207 | 11.8 yrs | £8,415 |
| 7 kW | 7174 kWh | 2870 kWh | 4304 kWh | £773 | £430 | £1,203 | £14,242 | 11.8 yrs | £9,817 |
| 8 kW | 8199 kWh | 3280 kWh | 4919 kWh | £883 | £492 | £1,375 | £16,276 | 11.8 yrs | £11,220 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,033, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 11.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2050 kWh | 1230 kWh | 820 kWh | £331 | £82 | £413 | £6,169 | 14.9 yrs | £2,092 |
| 3 kW | 3075 kWh | 1845 kWh | 1230 kWh | £497 | £123 | £620 | £8,204 | 13.2 yrs | £4,188 |
| 4 kW | 4099 kWh | 2460 kWh | 1640 kWh | £662 | £164 | £826 | £10,238 | 12.4 yrs | £6,285 |
| 5 kW | 5124 kWh | 3075 kWh | 2050 kWh | £828 | £205 | £1,033 | £12,273 | 11.9 yrs | £8,381 |
| 6 kW | 6149 kWh | 3690 kWh | 2460 kWh | £993 | £246 | £1,239 | £14,307 | 11.5 yrs | £10,477 |
| 7 kW | 7174 kWh | 4304 kWh | 2870 kWh | £1,159 | £287 | £1,446 | £16,342 | 11.3 yrs | £12,573 |
| 8 kW | 8199 kWh | 4919 kWh | 3280 kWh | £1,324 | £328 | £1,652 | £18,376 | 11.1 yrs | £14,669 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,119, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 12.2 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2050 kWh | 1435 kWh | 615 kWh | £386 | £61 | £448 | £7,569 | 16.9 yrs | £1,386 |
| 3 kW | 3075 kWh | 2152 kWh | 922 kWh | £579 | £92 | £672 | £9,604 | 14.3 yrs | £3,829 |
| 4 kW | 4099 kWh | 2870 kWh | 1230 kWh | £773 | £123 | £895 | £11,638 | 13.0 yrs | £6,272 |
| 5 kW | 5124 kWh | 3587 kWh | 1537 kWh | £966 | £154 | £1,119 | £13,673 | 12.2 yrs | £8,715 |
| 6 kW | 6149 kWh | 4304 kWh | 1845 kWh | £1,159 | £184 | £1,343 | £15,707 | 11.7 yrs | £11,158 |
| 7 kW | 7174 kWh | 5022 kWh | 2152 kWh | £1,352 | £215 | £1,567 | £17,742 | 11.3 yrs | £13,601 |
| 8 kW | 8199 kWh | 5739 kWh | 2460 kWh | £1,545 | £246 | £1,791 | £19,776 | 11.0 yrs | £16,044 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,145, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 13.5 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2050 kWh | 1496 kWh | 553 kWh | £403 | £55 | £458 | £9,319 | 20.3 yrs | £-156 |
| 3 kW | 3075 kWh | 2244 kWh | 830 kWh | £604 | £83 | £687 | £11,354 | 16.5 yrs | £2,391 |
| 4 kW | 4099 kWh | 2993 kWh | 1107 kWh | £806 | £111 | £916 | £13,388 | 14.6 yrs | £4,938 |
| 5 kW | 5124 kWh | 3741 kWh | 1384 kWh | £1,007 | £138 | £1,145 | £15,423 | 13.5 yrs | £7,485 |
| 6 kW | 6149 kWh | 4489 kWh | 1660 kWh | £1,208 | £166 | £1,374 | £17,457 | 12.7 yrs | £10,032 |
| 7 kW | 7174 kWh | 5237 kWh | 1937 kWh | £1,410 | £194 | £1,604 | £19,492 | 12.2 yrs | £12,579 |
| 8 kW | 8199 kWh | 5985 kWh | 2214 kWh | £1,611 | £221 | £1,833 | £21,526 | 11.7 yrs | £15,126 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,163, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 14.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2050 kWh | 1537 kWh | 512 kWh | £414 | £51 | £465 | £11,069 | 23.8 yrs | £-1,767 |
| 3 kW | 3075 kWh | 2306 kWh | 769 kWh | £621 | £77 | £698 | £13,104 | 18.8 yrs | £849 |
| 4 kW | 4099 kWh | 3075 kWh | 1025 kWh | £828 | £102 | £930 | £15,138 | 16.3 yrs | £3,465 |
| 5 kW | 5124 kWh | 3843 kWh | 1281 kWh | £1,035 | £128 | £1,163 | £17,173 | 14.8 yrs | £6,082 |
| 6 kW | 6149 kWh | 4612 kWh | 1537 kWh | £1,242 | £154 | £1,395 | £19,207 | 13.8 yrs | £8,698 |
| 7 kW | 7174 kWh | 5381 kWh | 1794 kWh | £1,448 | £179 | £1,628 | £21,242 | 13.0 yrs | £11,314 |
| 8 kW | 8199 kWh | 6149 kWh | 2050 kWh | £1,655 | £205 | £1,860 | £23,276 | 12.5 yrs | £13,931 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,180, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 16.6 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2050 kWh | 1578 kWh | 471 kWh | £425 | £47 | £472 | £13,519 | 28.6 yrs | £-4,079 |
| 3 kW | 3075 kWh | 2367 kWh | 707 kWh | £637 | £71 | £708 | £15,554 | 22.0 yrs | £-1,393 |
| 4 kW | 4099 kWh | 3157 kWh | 943 kWh | £850 | £94 | £944 | £17,588 | 18.6 yrs | £1,293 |
| 5 kW | 5124 kWh | 3946 kWh | 1179 kWh | £1,062 | £118 | £1,180 | £19,623 | 16.6 yrs | £3,979 |
| 6 kW | 6149 kWh | 4735 kWh | 1414 kWh | £1,275 | £141 | £1,416 | £21,657 | 15.3 yrs | £6,664 |
| 7 kW | 7174 kWh | 5524 kWh | 1650 kWh | £1,487 | £165 | £1,652 | £23,692 | 14.3 yrs | £9,350 |
| 8 kW | 8199 kWh | 6313 kWh | 1886 kWh | £1,700 | £189 | £1,888 | £25,726 | 13.6 yrs | £12,036 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.