A typical roof here lands around 4.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 1022 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 25.6p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £831, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 12.2 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2044 kWh | 818 kWh | 1226 kWh | £210 | £123 | £332 | £4,069 | 12.2 yrs | £2,575 |
| 3 kW | 3066 kWh | 1226 kWh | 1840 kWh | £314 | £184 | £498 | £6,104 | 12.2 yrs | £3,862 |
| 4 kW | 4088 kWh | 1635 kWh | 2453 kWh | £419 | £245 | £664 | £8,138 | 12.2 yrs | £5,150 |
| 5 kW | 5110 kWh | 2044 kWh | 3066 kWh | £524 | £307 | £831 | £10,173 | 12.2 yrs | £6,437 |
| 6 kW | 6132 kWh | 2453 kWh | 3679 kWh | £629 | £368 | £997 | £12,207 | 12.2 yrs | £7,725 |
| 7 kW | 7154 kWh | 2862 kWh | 4293 kWh | £733 | £429 | £1,163 | £14,242 | 12.2 yrs | £9,012 |
| 8 kW | 8176 kWh | 3270 kWh | 4906 kWh | £838 | £491 | £1,329 | £16,276 | 12.2 yrs | £10,300 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £990, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 12.4 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2044 kWh | 1226 kWh | 818 kWh | £314 | £82 | £396 | £6,169 | 15.6 yrs | £1,753 |
| 3 kW | 3066 kWh | 1840 kWh | 1226 kWh | £472 | £123 | £594 | £8,204 | 13.8 yrs | £3,679 |
| 4 kW | 4088 kWh | 2453 kWh | 1635 kWh | £629 | £164 | £792 | £10,238 | 12.9 yrs | £5,606 |
| 5 kW | 5110 kWh | 3066 kWh | 2044 kWh | £786 | £204 | £990 | £12,273 | 12.4 yrs | £7,532 |
| 6 kW | 6132 kWh | 3679 kWh | 2453 kWh | £943 | £245 | £1,188 | £14,307 | 12.0 yrs | £9,459 |
| 7 kW | 7154 kWh | 4293 kWh | 2862 kWh | £1,100 | £286 | £1,386 | £16,342 | 11.8 yrs | £11,385 |
| 8 kW | 8176 kWh | 4906 kWh | 3270 kWh | £1,257 | £327 | £1,584 | £18,376 | 11.6 yrs | £13,312 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,070, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 12.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2044 kWh | 1431 kWh | 613 kWh | £367 | £61 | £428 | £7,569 | 17.7 yrs | £992 |
| 3 kW | 3066 kWh | 2146 kWh | 920 kWh | £550 | £92 | £642 | £9,604 | 15.0 yrs | £3,238 |
| 4 kW | 4088 kWh | 2862 kWh | 1226 kWh | £733 | £123 | £856 | £11,638 | 13.6 yrs | £5,484 |
| 5 kW | 5110 kWh | 3577 kWh | 1533 kWh | £917 | £153 | £1,070 | £13,673 | 12.8 yrs | £7,730 |
| 6 kW | 6132 kWh | 4293 kWh | 1840 kWh | £1,100 | £184 | £1,284 | £15,707 | 12.2 yrs | £9,976 |
| 7 kW | 7154 kWh | 5008 kWh | 2146 kWh | £1,284 | £215 | £1,498 | £17,742 | 11.8 yrs | £12,222 |
| 8 kW | 8176 kWh | 5723 kWh | 2453 kWh | £1,467 | £245 | £1,712 | £19,776 | 11.6 yrs | £14,468 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,094, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 14.1 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2044 kWh | 1492 kWh | 552 kWh | £382 | £55 | £438 | £9,319 | 21.3 yrs | £-566 |
| 3 kW | 3066 kWh | 2238 kWh | 828 kWh | £574 | £83 | £656 | £11,354 | 17.3 yrs | £1,775 |
| 4 kW | 4088 kWh | 2984 kWh | 1104 kWh | £765 | £110 | £875 | £13,388 | 15.3 yrs | £4,117 |
| 5 kW | 5110 kWh | 3730 kWh | 1380 kWh | £956 | £138 | £1,094 | £15,423 | 14.1 yrs | £6,459 |
| 6 kW | 6132 kWh | 4476 kWh | 1656 kWh | £1,147 | £166 | £1,313 | £17,457 | 13.3 yrs | £8,801 |
| 7 kW | 7154 kWh | 5223 kWh | 1932 kWh | £1,339 | £193 | £1,532 | £19,492 | 12.7 yrs | £11,143 |
| 8 kW | 8176 kWh | 5969 kWh | 2208 kWh | £1,530 | £221 | £1,751 | £21,526 | 12.3 yrs | £13,484 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,110, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 15.5 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2044 kWh | 1533 kWh | 511 kWh | £393 | £51 | £444 | £11,069 | 24.9 yrs | £-2,189 |
| 3 kW | 3066 kWh | 2300 kWh | 767 kWh | £589 | £77 | £666 | £13,104 | 19.7 yrs | £217 |
| 4 kW | 4088 kWh | 3066 kWh | 1022 kWh | £786 | £102 | £888 | £15,138 | 17.0 yrs | £2,623 |
| 5 kW | 5110 kWh | 3833 kWh | 1278 kWh | £982 | £128 | £1,110 | £17,173 | 15.5 yrs | £5,028 |
| 6 kW | 6132 kWh | 4599 kWh | 1533 kWh | £1,179 | £153 | £1,332 | £19,207 | 14.4 yrs | £7,434 |
| 7 kW | 7154 kWh | 5366 kWh | 1789 kWh | £1,375 | £179 | £1,554 | £21,242 | 13.7 yrs | £9,840 |
| 8 kW | 8176 kWh | 6132 kWh | 2044 kWh | £1,572 | £204 | £1,776 | £23,276 | 13.1 yrs | £12,246 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,126, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 17.4 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2044 kWh | 1574 kWh | 470 kWh | £403 | £47 | £450 | £13,519 | 30.0 yrs | £-4,511 |
| 3 kW | 3066 kWh | 2361 kWh | 705 kWh | £605 | £71 | £676 | £15,554 | 23.0 yrs | £-2,041 |
| 4 kW | 4088 kWh | 3148 kWh | 940 kWh | £807 | £94 | £901 | £17,588 | 19.5 yrs | £428 |
| 5 kW | 5110 kWh | 3935 kWh | 1175 kWh | £1,008 | £118 | £1,126 | £19,623 | 17.4 yrs | £2,898 |
| 6 kW | 6132 kWh | 4722 kWh | 1410 kWh | £1,210 | £141 | £1,351 | £21,657 | 16.0 yrs | £5,368 |
| 7 kW | 7154 kWh | 5509 kWh | 1645 kWh | £1,412 | £165 | £1,576 | £23,692 | 15.0 yrs | £7,837 |
| 8 kW | 8176 kWh | 6296 kWh | 1881 kWh | £1,614 | £188 | £1,802 | £25,726 | 14.3 yrs | £10,307 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.