A typical roof here lands around 6.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 974 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 25.6p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £790, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 12.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1947 kWh | 779 kWh | 1168 kWh | £199 | £117 | £316 | £4,069 | 12.9 yrs | £2,248 |
| 3 kW | 2921 kWh | 1168 kWh | 1753 kWh | £299 | £175 | £474 | £6,104 | 12.9 yrs | £3,373 |
| 4 kW | 3895 kWh | 1558 kWh | 2337 kWh | £398 | £234 | £632 | £8,138 | 12.9 yrs | £4,497 |
| 5 kW | 4869 kWh | 1947 kWh | 2921 kWh | £498 | £292 | £790 | £10,173 | 12.9 yrs | £5,621 |
| 6 kW | 5842 kWh | 2337 kWh | 3505 kWh | £597 | £351 | £948 | £12,207 | 12.9 yrs | £6,745 |
| 7 kW | 6816 kWh | 2726 kWh | 4090 kWh | £697 | £409 | £1,106 | £14,242 | 12.9 yrs | £7,869 |
| 8 kW | 7790 kWh | 3116 kWh | 4674 kWh | £796 | £467 | £1,263 | £16,276 | 12.9 yrs | £8,994 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £941, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 13.0 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1947 kWh | 1168 kWh | 779 kWh | £299 | £78 | £376 | £6,169 | 16.4 yrs | £1,360 |
| 3 kW | 2921 kWh | 1753 kWh | 1168 kWh | £448 | £117 | £565 | £8,204 | 14.5 yrs | £3,090 |
| 4 kW | 3895 kWh | 2337 kWh | 1558 kWh | £597 | £156 | £753 | £10,238 | 13.6 yrs | £4,819 |
| 5 kW | 4869 kWh | 2921 kWh | 1947 kWh | £746 | £195 | £941 | £12,273 | 13.0 yrs | £6,549 |
| 6 kW | 5842 kWh | 3505 kWh | 2337 kWh | £896 | £234 | £1,129 | £14,307 | 12.7 yrs | £8,279 |
| 7 kW | 6816 kWh | 4090 kWh | 2726 kWh | £1,045 | £273 | £1,318 | £16,342 | 12.4 yrs | £10,009 |
| 8 kW | 7790 kWh | 4674 kWh | 3116 kWh | £1,194 | £312 | £1,506 | £18,376 | 12.2 yrs | £11,739 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,017, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 13.4 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1947 kWh | 1363 kWh | 584 kWh | £348 | £58 | £407 | £7,569 | 18.6 yrs | £565 |
| 3 kW | 2921 kWh | 2045 kWh | 876 kWh | £522 | £88 | £610 | £9,604 | 15.7 yrs | £2,598 |
| 4 kW | 3895 kWh | 2726 kWh | 1168 kWh | £697 | £117 | £813 | £11,638 | 14.3 yrs | £4,631 |
| 5 kW | 4869 kWh | 3408 kWh | 1461 kWh | £871 | £146 | £1,017 | £13,673 | 13.4 yrs | £6,663 |
| 6 kW | 5842 kWh | 4090 kWh | 1753 kWh | £1,045 | £175 | £1,220 | £15,707 | 12.9 yrs | £8,696 |
| 7 kW | 6816 kWh | 4771 kWh | 2045 kWh | £1,219 | £204 | £1,424 | £17,742 | 12.5 yrs | £10,729 |
| 8 kW | 7790 kWh | 5453 kWh | 2337 kWh | £1,393 | £234 | £1,627 | £19,776 | 12.2 yrs | £12,761 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,040, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 14.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1947 kWh | 1422 kWh | 526 kWh | £363 | £53 | £416 | £9,319 | 22.4 yrs | £-1,003 |
| 3 kW | 2921 kWh | 2132 kWh | 789 kWh | £545 | £79 | £624 | £11,354 | 18.2 yrs | £1,121 |
| 4 kW | 3895 kWh | 2843 kWh | 1052 kWh | £726 | £105 | £832 | £13,388 | 16.1 yrs | £3,244 |
| 5 kW | 4869 kWh | 3554 kWh | 1315 kWh | £908 | £131 | £1,040 | £15,423 | 14.8 yrs | £5,368 |
| 6 kW | 5842 kWh | 4265 kWh | 1577 kWh | £1,090 | £158 | £1,247 | £17,457 | 14.0 yrs | £7,491 |
| 7 kW | 6816 kWh | 4976 kWh | 1840 kWh | £1,271 | £184 | £1,455 | £19,492 | 13.4 yrs | £9,615 |
| 8 kW | 7790 kWh | 5686 kWh | 2103 kWh | £1,453 | £210 | £1,663 | £21,526 | 12.9 yrs | £11,738 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,055, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 16.3 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1947 kWh | 1461 kWh | 487 kWh | £373 | £49 | £422 | £11,069 | 26.2 yrs | £-2,632 |
| 3 kW | 2921 kWh | 2191 kWh | 730 kWh | £560 | £73 | £633 | £13,104 | 20.7 yrs | £-448 |
| 4 kW | 3895 kWh | 2921 kWh | 974 kWh | £746 | £97 | £844 | £15,138 | 17.9 yrs | £1,736 |
| 5 kW | 4869 kWh | 3651 kWh | 1217 kWh | £933 | £122 | £1,055 | £17,173 | 16.3 yrs | £3,920 |
| 6 kW | 5842 kWh | 4382 kWh | 1461 kWh | £1,120 | £146 | £1,266 | £19,207 | 15.2 yrs | £6,105 |
| 7 kW | 6816 kWh | 5112 kWh | 1704 kWh | £1,306 | £170 | £1,477 | £21,242 | 14.4 yrs | £8,289 |
| 8 kW | 7790 kWh | 5842 kWh | 1947 kWh | £1,493 | £195 | £1,687 | £23,276 | 13.8 yrs | £10,473 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,070, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 18.3 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1947 kWh | 1500 kWh | 448 kWh | £383 | £45 | £428 | £13,519 | 31.6 yrs | £-4,961 |
| 3 kW | 2921 kWh | 2249 kWh | 672 kWh | £575 | £67 | £642 | £15,554 | 24.2 yrs | £-2,716 |
| 4 kW | 3895 kWh | 2999 kWh | 896 kWh | £766 | £90 | £856 | £17,588 | 20.6 yrs | £-471 |
| 5 kW | 4869 kWh | 3749 kWh | 1120 kWh | £958 | £112 | £1,070 | £19,623 | 18.3 yrs | £1,773 |
| 6 kW | 5842 kWh | 4499 kWh | 1344 kWh | £1,149 | £134 | £1,284 | £21,657 | 16.9 yrs | £4,018 |
| 7 kW | 6816 kWh | 5248 kWh | 1568 kWh | £1,341 | £157 | £1,498 | £23,692 | 15.8 yrs | £6,263 |
| 8 kW | 7790 kWh | 5998 kWh | 1792 kWh | £1,533 | £179 | £1,712 | £25,726 | 15.0 yrs | £8,507 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.