A typical roof here lands around 5.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 973 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 25.6p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £789, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 12.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1946 kWh | 778 kWh | 1167 kWh | £199 | £117 | £316 | £4,069 | 12.9 yrs | £2,242 |
| 3 kW | 2918 kWh | 1167 kWh | 1751 kWh | £298 | £175 | £473 | £6,104 | 12.9 yrs | £3,364 |
| 4 kW | 3891 kWh | 1556 kWh | 2335 kWh | £398 | £233 | £631 | £8,138 | 12.9 yrs | £4,485 |
| 5 kW | 4864 kWh | 1946 kWh | 2918 kWh | £497 | £292 | £789 | £10,173 | 12.9 yrs | £5,606 |
| 6 kW | 5837 kWh | 2335 kWh | 3502 kWh | £597 | £350 | £947 | £12,207 | 12.9 yrs | £6,727 |
| 7 kW | 6810 kWh | 2724 kWh | 4086 kWh | £696 | £409 | £1,105 | £14,242 | 12.9 yrs | £7,849 |
| 8 kW | 7782 kWh | 3113 kWh | 4669 kWh | £795 | £467 | £1,262 | £16,276 | 12.9 yrs | £8,970 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £940, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 13.1 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1946 kWh | 1167 kWh | 778 kWh | £298 | £78 | £376 | £6,169 | 16.4 yrs | £1,353 |
| 3 kW | 2918 kWh | 1751 kWh | 1167 kWh | £447 | £117 | £564 | £8,204 | 14.5 yrs | £3,079 |
| 4 kW | 3891 kWh | 2335 kWh | 1556 kWh | £597 | £156 | £752 | £10,238 | 13.6 yrs | £4,805 |
| 5 kW | 4864 kWh | 2918 kWh | 1946 kWh | £746 | £195 | £940 | £12,273 | 13.1 yrs | £6,531 |
| 6 kW | 5837 kWh | 3502 kWh | 2335 kWh | £895 | £233 | £1,128 | £14,307 | 12.7 yrs | £8,258 |
| 7 kW | 6810 kWh | 4086 kWh | 2724 kWh | £1,044 | £272 | £1,316 | £16,342 | 12.4 yrs | £9,984 |
| 8 kW | 7782 kWh | 4669 kWh | 3113 kWh | £1,193 | £311 | £1,504 | £18,376 | 12.2 yrs | £11,710 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,016, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 13.5 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1946 kWh | 1362 kWh | 584 kWh | £348 | £58 | £406 | £7,569 | 18.6 yrs | £558 |
| 3 kW | 2918 kWh | 2043 kWh | 876 kWh | £522 | £88 | £610 | £9,604 | 15.8 yrs | £2,587 |
| 4 kW | 3891 kWh | 2724 kWh | 1167 kWh | £696 | £117 | £813 | £11,638 | 14.3 yrs | £4,615 |
| 5 kW | 4864 kWh | 3405 kWh | 1459 kWh | £870 | £146 | £1,016 | £13,673 | 13.5 yrs | £6,644 |
| 6 kW | 5837 kWh | 4086 kWh | 1751 kWh | £1,044 | £175 | £1,219 | £15,707 | 12.9 yrs | £8,673 |
| 7 kW | 6810 kWh | 4767 kWh | 2043 kWh | £1,218 | £204 | £1,422 | £17,742 | 12.5 yrs | £10,702 |
| 8 kW | 7782 kWh | 5448 kWh | 2335 kWh | £1,392 | £233 | £1,625 | £19,776 | 12.2 yrs | £12,731 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,039, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 14.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1946 kWh | 1420 kWh | 525 kWh | £363 | £53 | £415 | £9,319 | 22.4 yrs | £-1,011 |
| 3 kW | 2918 kWh | 2130 kWh | 788 kWh | £544 | £79 | £623 | £11,354 | 18.2 yrs | £1,109 |
| 4 kW | 3891 kWh | 2841 kWh | 1051 kWh | £726 | £105 | £831 | £13,388 | 16.1 yrs | £3,228 |
| 5 kW | 4864 kWh | 3551 kWh | 1313 kWh | £907 | £131 | £1,039 | £15,423 | 14.9 yrs | £5,348 |
| 6 kW | 5837 kWh | 4261 kWh | 1576 kWh | £1,089 | £158 | £1,246 | £17,457 | 14.0 yrs | £7,468 |
| 7 kW | 6810 kWh | 4971 kWh | 1839 kWh | £1,270 | £184 | £1,454 | £19,492 | 13.4 yrs | £9,587 |
| 8 kW | 7782 kWh | 5681 kWh | 2101 kWh | £1,452 | £210 | £1,662 | £21,526 | 13.0 yrs | £11,707 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,054, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 16.3 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1946 kWh | 1459 kWh | 486 kWh | £373 | £49 | £421 | £11,069 | 26.3 yrs | £-2,640 |
| 3 kW | 2918 kWh | 2189 kWh | 730 kWh | £559 | £73 | £632 | £13,104 | 20.7 yrs | £-460 |
| 4 kW | 3891 kWh | 2918 kWh | 973 kWh | £746 | £97 | £843 | £15,138 | 18.0 yrs | £1,720 |
| 5 kW | 4864 kWh | 3648 kWh | 1216 kWh | £932 | £122 | £1,054 | £17,173 | 16.3 yrs | £3,901 |
| 6 kW | 5837 kWh | 4378 kWh | 1459 kWh | £1,118 | £146 | £1,264 | £19,207 | 15.2 yrs | £6,081 |
| 7 kW | 6810 kWh | 5107 kWh | 1702 kWh | £1,305 | £170 | £1,475 | £21,242 | 14.4 yrs | £8,261 |
| 8 kW | 7782 kWh | 5837 kWh | 1946 kWh | £1,491 | £195 | £1,686 | £23,276 | 13.8 yrs | £10,441 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,069, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 18.4 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1946 kWh | 1498 kWh | 447 kWh | £383 | £45 | £428 | £13,519 | 31.6 yrs | £-4,969 |
| 3 kW | 2918 kWh | 2247 kWh | 671 kWh | £574 | £67 | £641 | £15,554 | 24.3 yrs | £-2,728 |
| 4 kW | 3891 kWh | 2996 kWh | 895 kWh | £766 | £89 | £855 | £17,588 | 20.6 yrs | £-488 |
| 5 kW | 4864 kWh | 3745 kWh | 1119 kWh | £957 | £112 | £1,069 | £19,623 | 18.4 yrs | £1,753 |
| 6 kW | 5837 kWh | 4494 kWh | 1342 kWh | £1,148 | £134 | £1,283 | £21,657 | 16.9 yrs | £3,994 |
| 7 kW | 6810 kWh | 5243 kWh | 1566 kWh | £1,340 | £157 | £1,496 | £23,692 | 15.8 yrs | £6,234 |
| 8 kW | 7782 kWh | 5992 kWh | 1790 kWh | £1,531 | £179 | £1,710 | £25,726 | 15.0 yrs | £8,475 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.