A typical roof here lands around 5.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 1089 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 26.9p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £913, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 11.1 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2179 kWh | 871 kWh | 1307 kWh | £235 | £131 | £365 | £4,069 | 11.1 yrs | £3,237 |
| 3 kW | 3268 kWh | 1307 kWh | 1961 kWh | £352 | £196 | £548 | £6,104 | 11.1 yrs | £4,856 |
| 4 kW | 4357 kWh | 1743 kWh | 2614 kWh | £469 | £261 | £731 | £8,138 | 11.1 yrs | £6,475 |
| 5 kW | 5447 kWh | 2179 kWh | 3268 kWh | £587 | £327 | £913 | £10,173 | 11.1 yrs | £8,094 |
| 6 kW | 6536 kWh | 2614 kWh | 3922 kWh | £704 | £392 | £1,096 | £12,207 | 11.1 yrs | £9,712 |
| 7 kW | 7625 kWh | 3050 kWh | 4575 kWh | £821 | £458 | £1,279 | £14,242 | 11.1 yrs | £11,331 |
| 8 kW | 8715 kWh | 3486 kWh | 5229 kWh | £938 | £523 | £1,461 | £16,276 | 11.1 yrs | £12,950 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,098, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 11.2 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2179 kWh | 1307 kWh | 871 kWh | £352 | £87 | £439 | £6,169 | 14.1 yrs | £2,612 |
| 3 kW | 3268 kWh | 1961 kWh | 1307 kWh | £528 | £131 | £659 | £8,204 | 12.5 yrs | £4,968 |
| 4 kW | 4357 kWh | 2614 kWh | 1743 kWh | £704 | £174 | £878 | £10,238 | 11.7 yrs | £7,324 |
| 5 kW | 5447 kWh | 3268 kWh | 2179 kWh | £880 | £218 | £1,098 | £12,273 | 11.2 yrs | £9,680 |
| 6 kW | 6536 kWh | 3922 kWh | 2614 kWh | £1,056 | £261 | £1,317 | £14,307 | 10.9 yrs | £12,036 |
| 7 kW | 7625 kWh | 4575 kWh | 3050 kWh | £1,232 | £305 | £1,537 | £16,342 | 10.6 yrs | £14,392 |
| 8 kW | 8715 kWh | 5229 kWh | 3486 kWh | £1,408 | £349 | £1,756 | £18,376 | 10.5 yrs | £16,748 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,190, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 11.5 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2179 kWh | 1525 kWh | 654 kWh | £411 | £65 | £476 | £7,569 | 15.9 yrs | £1,949 |
| 3 kW | 3268 kWh | 2288 kWh | 980 kWh | £616 | £98 | £714 | £9,604 | 13.5 yrs | £4,674 |
| 4 kW | 4357 kWh | 3050 kWh | 1307 kWh | £821 | £131 | £952 | £11,638 | 12.2 yrs | £7,398 |
| 5 kW | 5447 kWh | 3813 kWh | 1634 kWh | £1,026 | £163 | £1,190 | £13,673 | 11.5 yrs | £10,123 |
| 6 kW | 6536 kWh | 4575 kWh | 1961 kWh | £1,232 | £196 | £1,428 | £15,707 | 11.0 yrs | £12,848 |
| 7 kW | 7625 kWh | 5338 kWh | 2288 kWh | £1,437 | £229 | £1,666 | £17,742 | 10.7 yrs | £15,572 |
| 8 kW | 8715 kWh | 6100 kWh | 2614 kWh | £1,642 | £261 | £1,904 | £19,776 | 10.4 yrs | £18,297 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,217, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 12.7 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2179 kWh | 1590 kWh | 588 kWh | £428 | £59 | £487 | £9,319 | 19.1 yrs | £420 |
| 3 kW | 3268 kWh | 2386 kWh | 882 kWh | £642 | £88 | £730 | £11,354 | 15.5 yrs | £3,256 |
| 4 kW | 4357 kWh | 3181 kWh | 1176 kWh | £856 | £118 | £974 | £13,388 | 13.7 yrs | £6,091 |
| 5 kW | 5447 kWh | 3976 kWh | 1471 kWh | £1,070 | £147 | £1,217 | £15,423 | 12.7 yrs | £8,926 |
| 6 kW | 6536 kWh | 4771 kWh | 1765 kWh | £1,284 | £176 | £1,461 | £17,457 | 11.9 yrs | £11,761 |
| 7 kW | 7625 kWh | 5567 kWh | 2059 kWh | £1,499 | £206 | £1,704 | £19,492 | 11.4 yrs | £14,596 |
| 8 kW | 8715 kWh | 6362 kWh | 2353 kWh | £1,713 | £235 | £1,948 | £21,526 | 11.1 yrs | £17,432 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,236, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 13.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2179 kWh | 1634 kWh | 545 kWh | £440 | £54 | £494 | £11,069 | 22.4 yrs | £-1,182 |
| 3 kW | 3268 kWh | 2451 kWh | 817 kWh | £660 | £82 | £742 | £13,104 | 17.7 yrs | £1,727 |
| 4 kW | 4357 kWh | 3268 kWh | 1089 kWh | £880 | £109 | £989 | £15,138 | 15.3 yrs | £4,636 |
| 5 kW | 5447 kWh | 4085 kWh | 1362 kWh | £1,100 | £136 | £1,236 | £17,173 | 13.9 yrs | £7,545 |
| 6 kW | 6536 kWh | 4902 kWh | 1634 kWh | £1,320 | £163 | £1,483 | £19,207 | 13.0 yrs | £10,453 |
| 7 kW | 7625 kWh | 5719 kWh | 1906 kWh | £1,540 | £191 | £1,730 | £21,242 | 12.3 yrs | £13,362 |
| 8 kW | 8715 kWh | 6536 kWh | 2179 kWh | £1,760 | £218 | £1,977 | £23,276 | 11.8 yrs | £16,271 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,254, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 15.6 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2179 kWh | 1678 kWh | 501 kWh | £452 | £50 | £502 | £13,519 | 26.9 yrs | £-3,485 |
| 3 kW | 3268 kWh | 2516 kWh | 752 kWh | £677 | £75 | £753 | £15,554 | 20.7 yrs | £-502 |
| 4 kW | 4357 kWh | 3355 kWh | 1002 kWh | £903 | £100 | £1,003 | £17,588 | 17.5 yrs | £2,481 |
| 5 kW | 5447 kWh | 4194 kWh | 1253 kWh | £1,129 | £125 | £1,254 | £19,623 | 15.6 yrs | £5,463 |
| 6 kW | 6536 kWh | 5033 kWh | 1503 kWh | £1,355 | £150 | £1,505 | £21,657 | 14.4 yrs | £8,446 |
| 7 kW | 7625 kWh | 5872 kWh | 1754 kWh | £1,581 | £175 | £1,756 | £23,692 | 13.5 yrs | £11,428 |
| 8 kW | 8715 kWh | 6710 kWh | 2004 kWh | £1,806 | £200 | £2,007 | £25,726 | 12.8 yrs | £14,411 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.