A typical roof here lands around 5.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 1094 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 26.9p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £918, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 11.1 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2189 kWh | 876 kWh | 1313 kWh | £236 | £131 | £367 | £4,069 | 11.1 yrs | £3,272 |
| 3 kW | 3283 kWh | 1313 kWh | 1970 kWh | £354 | £197 | £551 | £6,104 | 11.1 yrs | £4,908 |
| 4 kW | 4378 kWh | 1751 kWh | 2627 kWh | £471 | £263 | £734 | £8,138 | 11.1 yrs | £6,543 |
| 5 kW | 5472 kWh | 2189 kWh | 3283 kWh | £589 | £328 | £918 | £10,173 | 11.1 yrs | £8,179 |
| 6 kW | 6567 kWh | 2627 kWh | 3940 kWh | £707 | £394 | £1,101 | £12,207 | 11.1 yrs | £9,815 |
| 7 kW | 7661 kWh | 3064 kWh | 4597 kWh | £825 | £460 | £1,285 | £14,242 | 11.1 yrs | £11,451 |
| 8 kW | 8756 kWh | 3502 kWh | 5253 kWh | £943 | £525 | £1,468 | £16,276 | 11.1 yrs | £13,087 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,103, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 11.1 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2189 kWh | 1313 kWh | 876 kWh | £354 | £88 | £441 | £6,169 | 14.0 yrs | £2,653 |
| 3 kW | 3283 kWh | 1970 kWh | 1313 kWh | £530 | £131 | £662 | £8,204 | 12.4 yrs | £5,030 |
| 4 kW | 4378 kWh | 2627 kWh | 1751 kWh | £707 | £175 | £882 | £10,238 | 11.6 yrs | £7,406 |
| 5 kW | 5472 kWh | 3283 kWh | 2189 kWh | £884 | £219 | £1,103 | £12,273 | 11.1 yrs | £9,783 |
| 6 kW | 6567 kWh | 3940 kWh | 2627 kWh | £1,061 | £263 | £1,323 | £14,307 | 10.8 yrs | £12,160 |
| 7 kW | 7661 kWh | 4597 kWh | 3064 kWh | £1,237 | £306 | £1,544 | £16,342 | 10.6 yrs | £14,536 |
| 8 kW | 8756 kWh | 5253 kWh | 3502 kWh | £1,414 | £350 | £1,764 | £18,376 | 10.4 yrs | £16,913 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,195, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 11.4 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2189 kWh | 1532 kWh | 657 kWh | £412 | £66 | £478 | £7,569 | 15.8 yrs | £1,994 |
| 3 kW | 3283 kWh | 2298 kWh | 985 kWh | £619 | £99 | £717 | £9,604 | 13.4 yrs | £4,741 |
| 4 kW | 4378 kWh | 3064 kWh | 1313 kWh | £825 | £131 | £956 | £11,638 | 12.2 yrs | £7,488 |
| 5 kW | 5472 kWh | 3831 kWh | 1642 kWh | £1,031 | £164 | £1,195 | £13,673 | 11.4 yrs | £10,235 |
| 6 kW | 6567 kWh | 4597 kWh | 1970 kWh | £1,237 | £197 | £1,434 | £15,707 | 10.9 yrs | £12,982 |
| 7 kW | 7661 kWh | 5363 kWh | 2298 kWh | £1,444 | £230 | £1,674 | £17,742 | 10.6 yrs | £15,729 |
| 8 kW | 8756 kWh | 6129 kWh | 2627 kWh | £1,650 | £263 | £1,913 | £19,776 | 10.3 yrs | £18,476 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,223, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 12.6 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2189 kWh | 1598 kWh | 591 kWh | £430 | £59 | £489 | £9,319 | 19.0 yrs | £466 |
| 3 kW | 3283 kWh | 2397 kWh | 887 kWh | £645 | £89 | £734 | £11,354 | 15.5 yrs | £3,324 |
| 4 kW | 4378 kWh | 3196 kWh | 1182 kWh | £860 | £118 | £979 | £13,388 | 13.7 yrs | £6,182 |
| 5 kW | 5472 kWh | 3995 kWh | 1478 kWh | £1,075 | £148 | £1,223 | £15,423 | 12.6 yrs | £9,040 |
| 6 kW | 6567 kWh | 4794 kWh | 1773 kWh | £1,290 | £177 | £1,468 | £17,457 | 11.9 yrs | £11,898 |
| 7 kW | 7661 kWh | 5593 kWh | 2069 kWh | £1,506 | £207 | £1,712 | £19,492 | 11.4 yrs | £14,757 |
| 8 kW | 8756 kWh | 6392 kWh | 2364 kWh | £1,721 | £236 | £1,957 | £21,526 | 11.0 yrs | £17,615 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,242, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 13.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2189 kWh | 1642 kWh | 547 kWh | £442 | £55 | £497 | £11,069 | 22.3 yrs | £-1,136 |
| 3 kW | 3283 kWh | 2463 kWh | 821 kWh | £663 | £82 | £745 | £13,104 | 17.6 yrs | £1,796 |
| 4 kW | 4378 kWh | 3283 kWh | 1094 kWh | £884 | £109 | £993 | £15,138 | 15.2 yrs | £4,729 |
| 5 kW | 5472 kWh | 4104 kWh | 1368 kWh | £1,105 | £137 | £1,242 | £17,173 | 13.8 yrs | £7,661 |
| 6 kW | 6567 kWh | 4925 kWh | 1642 kWh | £1,326 | £164 | £1,490 | £19,207 | 12.9 yrs | £10,593 |
| 7 kW | 7661 kWh | 5746 kWh | 1915 kWh | £1,547 | £192 | £1,738 | £21,242 | 12.2 yrs | £13,525 |
| 8 kW | 8756 kWh | 6567 kWh | 2189 kWh | £1,768 | £219 | £1,987 | £23,276 | 11.7 yrs | £16,457 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,260, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 15.6 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2189 kWh | 1685 kWh | 503 kWh | £454 | £50 | £504 | £13,519 | 26.8 yrs | £-3,438 |
| 3 kW | 3283 kWh | 2528 kWh | 755 kWh | £681 | £76 | £756 | £15,554 | 20.6 yrs | £-431 |
| 4 kW | 4378 kWh | 3371 kWh | 1007 kWh | £907 | £101 | £1,008 | £17,588 | 17.4 yrs | £2,575 |
| 5 kW | 5472 kWh | 4214 kWh | 1259 kWh | £1,134 | £126 | £1,260 | £19,623 | 15.6 yrs | £5,581 |
| 6 kW | 6567 kWh | 5056 kWh | 1510 kWh | £1,361 | £151 | £1,512 | £21,657 | 14.3 yrs | £8,587 |
| 7 kW | 7661 kWh | 5899 kWh | 1762 kWh | £1,588 | £176 | £1,764 | £23,692 | 13.4 yrs | £11,594 |
| 8 kW | 8756 kWh | 6742 kWh | 2014 kWh | £1,815 | £201 | £2,016 | £25,726 | 12.8 yrs | £14,600 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.