A typical roof here lands around 5.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 1047 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 26.5p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £869, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 11.7 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2094 kWh | 837 kWh | 1256 kWh | £222 | £126 | £348 | £4,069 | 11.7 yrs | £2,886 |
| 3 kW | 3140 kWh | 1256 kWh | 1884 kWh | £333 | £188 | £522 | £6,104 | 11.7 yrs | £4,330 |
| 4 kW | 4187 kWh | 1675 kWh | 2512 kWh | £444 | £251 | £696 | £8,138 | 11.7 yrs | £5,773 |
| 5 kW | 5234 kWh | 2094 kWh | 3140 kWh | £555 | £314 | £869 | £10,173 | 11.7 yrs | £7,216 |
| 6 kW | 6281 kWh | 2512 kWh | 3768 kWh | £666 | £377 | £1,043 | £12,207 | 11.7 yrs | £8,659 |
| 7 kW | 7327 kWh | 2931 kWh | 4396 kWh | £778 | £440 | £1,217 | £14,242 | 11.7 yrs | £10,103 |
| 8 kW | 8374 kWh | 3350 kWh | 5024 kWh | £889 | £502 | £1,391 | £16,276 | 11.7 yrs | £11,546 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,042, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 11.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2094 kWh | 1256 kWh | 837 kWh | £333 | £84 | £417 | £6,169 | 14.8 yrs | £2,171 |
| 3 kW | 3140 kWh | 1884 kWh | 1256 kWh | £500 | £126 | £625 | £8,204 | 13.1 yrs | £4,306 |
| 4 kW | 4187 kWh | 2512 kWh | 1675 kWh | £666 | £167 | £834 | £10,238 | 12.3 yrs | £6,441 |
| 5 kW | 5234 kWh | 3140 kWh | 2094 kWh | £833 | £209 | £1,042 | £12,273 | 11.8 yrs | £8,577 |
| 6 kW | 6281 kWh | 3768 kWh | 2512 kWh | £1,000 | £251 | £1,251 | £14,307 | 11.4 yrs | £10,712 |
| 7 kW | 7327 kWh | 4396 kWh | 2931 kWh | £1,166 | £293 | £1,459 | £16,342 | 11.2 yrs | £12,848 |
| 8 kW | 8374 kWh | 5024 kWh | 3350 kWh | £1,333 | £335 | £1,668 | £18,376 | 11.0 yrs | £14,983 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,129, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 12.1 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2094 kWh | 1465 kWh | 628 kWh | £389 | £63 | £452 | £7,569 | 16.8 yrs | £1,463 |
| 3 kW | 3140 kWh | 2198 kWh | 942 kWh | £583 | £94 | £677 | £9,604 | 14.2 yrs | £3,944 |
| 4 kW | 4187 kWh | 2931 kWh | 1256 kWh | £778 | £126 | £903 | £11,638 | 12.9 yrs | £6,426 |
| 5 kW | 5234 kWh | 3664 kWh | 1570 kWh | £972 | £157 | £1,129 | £13,673 | 12.1 yrs | £8,907 |
| 6 kW | 6281 kWh | 4396 kWh | 1884 kWh | £1,166 | £188 | £1,355 | £15,707 | 11.6 yrs | £11,389 |
| 7 kW | 7327 kWh | 5129 kWh | 2198 kWh | £1,361 | £220 | £1,581 | £17,742 | 11.2 yrs | £13,870 |
| 8 kW | 8374 kWh | 5862 kWh | 2512 kWh | £1,555 | £251 | £1,806 | £19,776 | 10.9 yrs | £16,351 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,155, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 13.4 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2094 kWh | 1528 kWh | 565 kWh | £405 | £57 | £462 | £9,319 | 20.2 yrs | £-80 |
| 3 kW | 3140 kWh | 2292 kWh | 848 kWh | £608 | £85 | £693 | £11,354 | 16.4 yrs | £2,506 |
| 4 kW | 4187 kWh | 3057 kWh | 1131 kWh | £811 | £113 | £924 | £13,388 | 14.5 yrs | £5,091 |
| 5 kW | 5234 kWh | 3821 kWh | 1413 kWh | £1,014 | £141 | £1,155 | £15,423 | 13.4 yrs | £7,676 |
| 6 kW | 6281 kWh | 4585 kWh | 1696 kWh | £1,216 | £170 | £1,386 | £17,457 | 12.6 yrs | £10,261 |
| 7 kW | 7327 kWh | 5349 kWh | 1978 kWh | £1,419 | £198 | £1,617 | £19,492 | 12.1 yrs | £12,847 |
| 8 kW | 8374 kWh | 6113 kWh | 2261 kWh | £1,622 | £226 | £1,848 | £21,526 | 11.6 yrs | £15,432 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,172, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 14.6 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2094 kWh | 1570 kWh | 523 kWh | £417 | £52 | £469 | £11,069 | 23.6 yrs | £-1,691 |
| 3 kW | 3140 kWh | 2355 kWh | 785 kWh | £625 | £79 | £703 | £13,104 | 18.6 yrs | £963 |
| 4 kW | 4187 kWh | 3140 kWh | 1047 kWh | £833 | £105 | £938 | £15,138 | 16.1 yrs | £3,618 |
| 5 kW | 5234 kWh | 3925 kWh | 1308 kWh | £1,041 | £131 | £1,172 | £17,173 | 14.6 yrs | £6,272 |
| 6 kW | 6281 kWh | 4710 kWh | 1570 kWh | £1,250 | £157 | £1,407 | £19,207 | 13.7 yrs | £8,927 |
| 7 kW | 7327 kWh | 5495 kWh | 1832 kWh | £1,458 | £183 | £1,641 | £21,242 | 12.9 yrs | £11,581 |
| 8 kW | 8374 kWh | 6281 kWh | 2094 kWh | £1,666 | £209 | £1,876 | £23,276 | 12.4 yrs | £14,236 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,190, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 16.5 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2094 kWh | 1612 kWh | 482 kWh | £428 | £48 | £476 | £13,519 | 28.4 yrs | £-4,003 |
| 3 kW | 3140 kWh | 2418 kWh | 722 kWh | £641 | £72 | £714 | £15,554 | 21.8 yrs | £-1,279 |
| 4 kW | 4187 kWh | 3224 kWh | 963 kWh | £855 | £96 | £952 | £17,588 | 18.5 yrs | £1,445 |
| 5 kW | 5234 kWh | 4030 kWh | 1204 kWh | £1,069 | £120 | £1,190 | £19,623 | 16.5 yrs | £4,168 |
| 6 kW | 6281 kWh | 4836 kWh | 1445 kWh | £1,283 | £144 | £1,427 | £21,657 | 15.2 yrs | £6,892 |
| 7 kW | 7327 kWh | 5642 kWh | 1685 kWh | £1,497 | £169 | £1,665 | £23,692 | 14.2 yrs | £9,616 |
| 8 kW | 8374 kWh | 6448 kWh | 1926 kWh | £1,711 | £193 | £1,903 | £25,726 | 13.5 yrs | £12,339 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.