A typical roof here lands around 5.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 1030 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 26.5p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £855, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 11.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2059 kWh | 824 kWh | 1235 kWh | £219 | £124 | £342 | £4,069 | 11.9 yrs | £2,772 |
| 3 kW | 3089 kWh | 1235 kWh | 1853 kWh | £328 | £185 | £513 | £6,104 | 11.9 yrs | £4,158 |
| 4 kW | 4118 kWh | 1647 kWh | 2471 kWh | £437 | £247 | £684 | £8,138 | 11.9 yrs | £5,544 |
| 5 kW | 5148 kWh | 2059 kWh | 3089 kWh | £546 | £309 | £855 | £10,173 | 11.9 yrs | £6,930 |
| 6 kW | 6177 kWh | 2471 kWh | 3706 kWh | £656 | £371 | £1,026 | £12,207 | 11.9 yrs | £8,316 |
| 7 kW | 7207 kWh | 2883 kWh | 4324 kWh | £765 | £432 | £1,197 | £14,242 | 11.9 yrs | £9,702 |
| 8 kW | 8236 kWh | 3294 kWh | 4942 kWh | £874 | £494 | £1,368 | £16,276 | 11.9 yrs | £11,088 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,025, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 12.0 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2059 kWh | 1235 kWh | 824 kWh | £328 | £82 | £410 | £6,169 | 15.0 yrs | £2,033 |
| 3 kW | 3089 kWh | 1853 kWh | 1235 kWh | £492 | £124 | £615 | £8,204 | 13.3 yrs | £4,100 |
| 4 kW | 4118 kWh | 2471 kWh | 1647 kWh | £656 | £165 | £820 | £10,238 | 12.5 yrs | £6,167 |
| 5 kW | 5148 kWh | 3089 kWh | 2059 kWh | £819 | £206 | £1,025 | £12,273 | 12.0 yrs | £8,234 |
| 6 kW | 6177 kWh | 3706 kWh | 2471 kWh | £983 | £247 | £1,230 | £14,307 | 11.6 yrs | £10,300 |
| 7 kW | 7207 kWh | 4324 kWh | 2883 kWh | £1,147 | £288 | £1,435 | £16,342 | 11.4 yrs | £12,367 |
| 8 kW | 8236 kWh | 4942 kWh | 3294 kWh | £1,311 | £329 | £1,640 | £18,376 | 11.2 yrs | £14,434 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,110, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 12.3 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2059 kWh | 1441 kWh | 618 kWh | £382 | £62 | £444 | £7,569 | 17.0 yrs | £1,314 |
| 3 kW | 3089 kWh | 2162 kWh | 927 kWh | £574 | £93 | £666 | £9,604 | 14.4 yrs | £3,721 |
| 4 kW | 4118 kWh | 2883 kWh | 1235 kWh | £765 | £124 | £888 | £11,638 | 13.1 yrs | £6,128 |
| 5 kW | 5148 kWh | 3603 kWh | 1544 kWh | £956 | £154 | £1,110 | £13,673 | 12.3 yrs | £8,535 |
| 6 kW | 6177 kWh | 4324 kWh | 1853 kWh | £1,147 | £185 | £1,332 | £15,707 | 11.8 yrs | £10,943 |
| 7 kW | 7207 kWh | 5045 kWh | 2162 kWh | £1,338 | £216 | £1,555 | £17,742 | 11.4 yrs | £13,350 |
| 8 kW | 8236 kWh | 5765 kWh | 2471 kWh | £1,530 | £247 | £1,777 | £19,776 | 11.1 yrs | £15,757 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,136, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 13.6 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2059 kWh | 1503 kWh | 556 kWh | £399 | £56 | £454 | £9,319 | 20.5 yrs | £-232 |
| 3 kW | 3089 kWh | 2255 kWh | 834 kWh | £598 | £83 | £682 | £11,354 | 16.7 yrs | £2,278 |
| 4 kW | 4118 kWh | 3006 kWh | 1112 kWh | £798 | £111 | £909 | £13,388 | 14.7 yrs | £4,787 |
| 5 kW | 5148 kWh | 3758 kWh | 1390 kWh | £997 | £139 | £1,136 | £15,423 | 13.6 yrs | £7,296 |
| 6 kW | 6177 kWh | 4509 kWh | 1668 kWh | £1,196 | £167 | £1,363 | £17,457 | 12.8 yrs | £9,805 |
| 7 kW | 7207 kWh | 5261 kWh | 1946 kWh | £1,396 | £195 | £1,590 | £19,492 | 12.3 yrs | £12,314 |
| 8 kW | 8236 kWh | 6012 kWh | 2224 kWh | £1,595 | £222 | £1,817 | £21,526 | 11.8 yrs | £14,824 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,153, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 14.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2059 kWh | 1544 kWh | 515 kWh | £410 | £51 | £461 | £11,069 | 24.0 yrs | £-1,845 |
| 3 kW | 3089 kWh | 2316 kWh | 772 kWh | £615 | £77 | £692 | £13,104 | 18.9 yrs | £732 |
| 4 kW | 4118 kWh | 3089 kWh | 1030 kWh | £819 | £103 | £922 | £15,138 | 16.4 yrs | £3,309 |
| 5 kW | 5148 kWh | 3861 kWh | 1287 kWh | £1,024 | £129 | £1,153 | £17,173 | 14.9 yrs | £5,886 |
| 6 kW | 6177 kWh | 4633 kWh | 1544 kWh | £1,229 | £154 | £1,384 | £19,207 | 13.9 yrs | £8,464 |
| 7 kW | 7207 kWh | 5405 kWh | 1802 kWh | £1,434 | £180 | £1,614 | £21,242 | 13.2 yrs | £11,041 |
| 8 kW | 8236 kWh | 6177 kWh | 2059 kWh | £1,639 | £206 | £1,845 | £23,276 | 12.6 yrs | £13,618 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,170, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 16.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2059 kWh | 1585 kWh | 474 kWh | £421 | £47 | £468 | £13,519 | 28.9 yrs | £-4,159 |
| 3 kW | 3089 kWh | 2378 kWh | 710 kWh | £631 | £71 | £702 | £15,554 | 22.2 yrs | £-1,514 |
| 4 kW | 4118 kWh | 3171 kWh | 947 kWh | £841 | £95 | £936 | £17,588 | 18.8 yrs | £1,131 |
| 5 kW | 5148 kWh | 3964 kWh | 1184 kWh | £1,052 | £118 | £1,170 | £19,623 | 16.8 yrs | £3,777 |
| 6 kW | 6177 kWh | 4756 kWh | 1421 kWh | £1,262 | £142 | £1,404 | £21,657 | 15.4 yrs | £6,422 |
| 7 kW | 7207 kWh | 5549 kWh | 1658 kWh | £1,472 | £166 | £1,638 | £23,692 | 14.5 yrs | £9,067 |
| 8 kW | 8236 kWh | 6342 kWh | 1894 kWh | £1,683 | £189 | £1,872 | £25,726 | 13.7 yrs | £11,713 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.