A typical roof here lands around 5.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 1039 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 26.5p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £863, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 11.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2079 kWh | 831 kWh | 1247 kWh | £221 | £125 | £345 | £4,069 | 11.8 yrs | £2,837 |
| 3 kW | 3118 kWh | 1247 kWh | 1871 kWh | £331 | £187 | £518 | £6,104 | 11.8 yrs | £4,256 |
| 4 kW | 4157 kWh | 1663 kWh | 2494 kWh | £441 | £249 | £691 | £8,138 | 11.8 yrs | £5,675 |
| 5 kW | 5197 kWh | 2079 kWh | 3118 kWh | £551 | £312 | £863 | £10,173 | 11.8 yrs | £7,093 |
| 6 kW | 6236 kWh | 2494 kWh | 3742 kWh | £662 | £374 | £1,036 | £12,207 | 11.8 yrs | £8,512 |
| 7 kW | 7276 kWh | 2910 kWh | 4365 kWh | £772 | £437 | £1,209 | £14,242 | 11.8 yrs | £9,931 |
| 8 kW | 8315 kWh | 3326 kWh | 4989 kWh | £882 | £499 | £1,381 | £16,276 | 11.8 yrs | £11,350 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,035, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 11.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2079 kWh | 1247 kWh | 831 kWh | £331 | £83 | £414 | £6,169 | 14.9 yrs | £2,112 |
| 3 kW | 3118 kWh | 1871 kWh | 1247 kWh | £496 | £125 | £621 | £8,204 | 13.2 yrs | £4,218 |
| 4 kW | 4157 kWh | 2494 kWh | 1663 kWh | £662 | £166 | £828 | £10,238 | 12.4 yrs | £6,324 |
| 5 kW | 5197 kWh | 3118 kWh | 2079 kWh | £827 | £208 | £1,035 | £12,273 | 11.9 yrs | £8,430 |
| 6 kW | 6236 kWh | 3742 kWh | 2494 kWh | £993 | £249 | £1,242 | £14,307 | 11.5 yrs | £10,536 |
| 7 kW | 7276 kWh | 4365 kWh | 2910 kWh | £1,158 | £291 | £1,449 | £16,342 | 11.3 yrs | £12,641 |
| 8 kW | 8315 kWh | 4989 kWh | 3326 kWh | £1,324 | £333 | £1,656 | £18,376 | 11.1 yrs | £14,747 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,121, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 12.2 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2079 kWh | 1455 kWh | 624 kWh | £386 | £62 | £448 | £7,569 | 16.9 yrs | £1,399 |
| 3 kW | 3118 kWh | 2183 kWh | 935 kWh | £579 | £94 | £673 | £9,604 | 14.3 yrs | £3,849 |
| 4 kW | 4157 kWh | 2910 kWh | 1247 kWh | £772 | £125 | £897 | £11,638 | 13.0 yrs | £6,298 |
| 5 kW | 5197 kWh | 3638 kWh | 1559 kWh | £965 | £156 | £1,121 | £13,673 | 12.2 yrs | £8,748 |
| 6 kW | 6236 kWh | 4365 kWh | 1871 kWh | £1,158 | £187 | £1,345 | £15,707 | 11.7 yrs | £11,197 |
| 7 kW | 7276 kWh | 5093 kWh | 2183 kWh | £1,351 | £218 | £1,569 | £17,742 | 11.3 yrs | £13,647 |
| 8 kW | 8315 kWh | 5820 kWh | 2494 kWh | £1,544 | £249 | £1,794 | £19,776 | 11.0 yrs | £16,096 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,147, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 13.4 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2079 kWh | 1517 kWh | 561 kWh | £403 | £56 | £459 | £9,319 | 20.3 yrs | £-145 |
| 3 kW | 3118 kWh | 2276 kWh | 842 kWh | £604 | £84 | £688 | £11,354 | 16.5 yrs | £2,408 |
| 4 kW | 4157 kWh | 3035 kWh | 1123 kWh | £805 | £112 | £917 | £13,388 | 14.6 yrs | £4,960 |
| 5 kW | 5197 kWh | 3794 kWh | 1403 kWh | £1,006 | £140 | £1,147 | £15,423 | 13.4 yrs | £7,513 |
| 6 kW | 6236 kWh | 4552 kWh | 1684 kWh | £1,208 | £168 | £1,376 | £17,457 | 12.7 yrs | £10,066 |
| 7 kW | 7276 kWh | 5311 kWh | 1964 kWh | £1,409 | £196 | £1,605 | £19,492 | 12.1 yrs | £12,618 |
| 8 kW | 8315 kWh | 6070 kWh | 2245 kWh | £1,610 | £225 | £1,835 | £21,526 | 11.7 yrs | £15,171 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,164, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 14.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2079 kWh | 1559 kWh | 520 kWh | £414 | £52 | £466 | £11,069 | 23.8 yrs | £-1,757 |
| 3 kW | 3118 kWh | 2339 kWh | 780 kWh | £620 | £78 | £698 | £13,104 | 18.8 yrs | £864 |
| 4 kW | 4157 kWh | 3118 kWh | 1039 kWh | £827 | £104 | £931 | £15,138 | 16.3 yrs | £3,485 |
| 5 kW | 5197 kWh | 3898 kWh | 1299 kWh | £1,034 | £130 | £1,164 | £17,173 | 14.8 yrs | £6,107 |
| 6 kW | 6236 kWh | 4677 kWh | 1559 kWh | £1,241 | £156 | £1,397 | £19,207 | 13.8 yrs | £8,728 |
| 7 kW | 7276 kWh | 5457 kWh | 1819 kWh | £1,448 | £182 | £1,630 | £21,242 | 13.0 yrs | £11,349 |
| 8 kW | 8315 kWh | 6236 kWh | 2079 kWh | £1,654 | £208 | £1,862 | £23,276 | 12.5 yrs | £13,971 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,181, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 16.6 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2079 kWh | 1601 kWh | 478 kWh | £425 | £48 | £472 | £13,519 | 28.6 yrs | £-4,070 |
| 3 kW | 3118 kWh | 2401 kWh | 717 kWh | £637 | £72 | £709 | £15,554 | 21.9 yrs | £-1,380 |
| 4 kW | 4157 kWh | 3201 kWh | 956 kWh | £849 | £96 | £945 | £17,588 | 18.6 yrs | £1,310 |
| 5 kW | 5197 kWh | 4002 kWh | 1195 kWh | £1,062 | £120 | £1,181 | £19,623 | 16.6 yrs | £4,000 |
| 6 kW | 6236 kWh | 4802 kWh | 1434 kWh | £1,274 | £143 | £1,417 | £21,657 | 15.3 yrs | £6,690 |
| 7 kW | 7276 kWh | 5602 kWh | 1673 kWh | £1,486 | £167 | £1,654 | £23,692 | 14.3 yrs | £9,380 |
| 8 kW | 8315 kWh | 6403 kWh | 1912 kWh | £1,699 | £191 | £1,890 | £25,726 | 13.6 yrs | £12,071 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.