A typical roof here lands around 6.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 1015 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 26.5p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £843, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 12.1 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2031 kWh | 812 kWh | 1218 kWh | £216 | £122 | £337 | £4,069 | 12.1 yrs | £2,678 |
| 3 kW | 3046 kWh | 1218 kWh | 1828 kWh | £323 | £183 | £506 | £6,104 | 12.1 yrs | £4,017 |
| 4 kW | 4062 kWh | 1625 kWh | 2437 kWh | £431 | £244 | £675 | £8,138 | 12.1 yrs | £5,356 |
| 5 kW | 5077 kWh | 2031 kWh | 3046 kWh | £539 | £305 | £843 | £10,173 | 12.1 yrs | £6,695 |
| 6 kW | 6092 kWh | 2437 kWh | 3655 kWh | £647 | £366 | £1,012 | £12,207 | 12.1 yrs | £8,034 |
| 7 kW | 7108 kWh | 2843 kWh | 4265 kWh | £754 | £426 | £1,181 | £14,242 | 12.1 yrs | £9,373 |
| 8 kW | 8123 kWh | 3249 kWh | 4874 kWh | £862 | £487 | £1,349 | £16,276 | 12.1 yrs | £10,712 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,011, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 12.1 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2031 kWh | 1218 kWh | 812 kWh | £323 | £81 | £404 | £6,169 | 15.3 yrs | £1,921 |
| 3 kW | 3046 kWh | 1828 kWh | 1218 kWh | £485 | £122 | £607 | £8,204 | 13.5 yrs | £3,931 |
| 4 kW | 4062 kWh | 2437 kWh | 1625 kWh | £647 | £162 | £809 | £10,238 | 12.7 yrs | £5,942 |
| 5 kW | 5077 kWh | 3046 kWh | 2031 kWh | £808 | £203 | £1,011 | £12,273 | 12.1 yrs | £7,952 |
| 6 kW | 6092 kWh | 3655 kWh | 2437 kWh | £970 | £244 | £1,213 | £14,307 | 11.8 yrs | £9,962 |
| 7 kW | 7108 kWh | 4265 kWh | 2843 kWh | £1,131 | £284 | £1,416 | £16,342 | 11.5 yrs | £11,973 |
| 8 kW | 8123 kWh | 4874 kWh | 3249 kWh | £1,293 | £325 | £1,618 | £18,376 | 11.4 yrs | £13,983 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,095, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 12.5 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2031 kWh | 1422 kWh | 609 kWh | £377 | £61 | £438 | £7,569 | 17.3 yrs | £1,192 |
| 3 kW | 3046 kWh | 2132 kWh | 914 kWh | £566 | £91 | £657 | £9,604 | 14.6 yrs | £3,538 |
| 4 kW | 4062 kWh | 2843 kWh | 1218 kWh | £754 | £122 | £876 | £11,638 | 13.3 yrs | £5,884 |
| 5 kW | 5077 kWh | 3554 kWh | 1523 kWh | £943 | £152 | £1,095 | £13,673 | 12.5 yrs | £8,230 |
| 6 kW | 6092 kWh | 4265 kWh | 1828 kWh | £1,131 | £183 | £1,314 | £15,707 | 12.0 yrs | £10,577 |
| 7 kW | 7108 kWh | 4975 kWh | 2132 kWh | £1,320 | £213 | £1,533 | £17,742 | 11.6 yrs | £12,923 |
| 8 kW | 8123 kWh | 5686 kWh | 2437 kWh | £1,509 | £244 | £1,752 | £19,776 | 11.3 yrs | £15,269 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,120, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 13.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2031 kWh | 1482 kWh | 548 kWh | £393 | £55 | £448 | £9,319 | 20.8 yrs | £-356 |
| 3 kW | 3046 kWh | 2224 kWh | 822 kWh | £590 | £82 | £672 | £11,354 | 16.9 yrs | £2,090 |
| 4 kW | 4062 kWh | 2965 kWh | 1097 kWh | £787 | £110 | £896 | £13,388 | 14.9 yrs | £4,537 |
| 5 kW | 5077 kWh | 3706 kWh | 1371 kWh | £983 | £137 | £1,120 | £15,423 | 13.8 yrs | £6,984 |
| 6 kW | 6092 kWh | 4447 kWh | 1645 kWh | £1,180 | £164 | £1,344 | £17,457 | 13.0 yrs | £9,431 |
| 7 kW | 7108 kWh | 5189 kWh | 1919 kWh | £1,377 | £192 | £1,568 | £19,492 | 12.4 yrs | £11,878 |
| 8 kW | 8123 kWh | 5930 kWh | 2193 kWh | £1,573 | £219 | £1,793 | £21,526 | 12.0 yrs | £14,324 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,137, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 15.1 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2031 kWh | 1523 kWh | 508 kWh | £404 | £51 | £455 | £11,069 | 24.3 yrs | £-1,972 |
| 3 kW | 3046 kWh | 2285 kWh | 762 kWh | £606 | £76 | £682 | £13,104 | 19.2 yrs | £542 |
| 4 kW | 4062 kWh | 3046 kWh | 1015 kWh | £808 | £102 | £910 | £15,138 | 16.6 yrs | £3,056 |
| 5 kW | 5077 kWh | 3808 kWh | 1269 kWh | £1,010 | £127 | £1,137 | £17,173 | 15.1 yrs | £5,570 |
| 6 kW | 6092 kWh | 4569 kWh | 1523 kWh | £1,212 | £152 | £1,365 | £19,207 | 14.1 yrs | £8,084 |
| 7 kW | 7108 kWh | 5331 kWh | 1777 kWh | £1,414 | £178 | £1,592 | £21,242 | 13.3 yrs | £10,598 |
| 8 kW | 8123 kWh | 6092 kWh | 2031 kWh | £1,616 | £203 | £1,819 | £23,276 | 12.8 yrs | £13,111 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,154, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 17.0 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2031 kWh | 1564 kWh | 467 kWh | £415 | £47 | £462 | £13,519 | 29.3 yrs | £-4,288 |
| 3 kW | 3046 kWh | 2346 kWh | 701 kWh | £622 | £70 | £692 | £15,554 | 22.5 yrs | £-1,707 |
| 4 kW | 4062 kWh | 3127 kWh | 934 kWh | £830 | £93 | £923 | £17,588 | 19.1 yrs | £874 |
| 5 kW | 5077 kWh | 3909 kWh | 1168 kWh | £1,037 | £117 | £1,154 | £19,623 | 17.0 yrs | £3,455 |
| 6 kW | 6092 kWh | 4691 kWh | 1401 kWh | £1,245 | £140 | £1,385 | £21,657 | 15.6 yrs | £6,036 |
| 7 kW | 7108 kWh | 5473 kWh | 1635 kWh | £1,452 | £163 | £1,615 | £23,692 | 14.7 yrs | £8,617 |
| 8 kW | 8123 kWh | 6255 kWh | 1868 kWh | £1,659 | £187 | £1,846 | £25,726 | 13.9 yrs | £11,199 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.