A typical roof here lands around 3.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 1024 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 26.5p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £851, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 12.0 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2049 kWh | 819 kWh | 1229 kWh | £217 | £123 | £340 | £4,069 | 12.0 yrs | £2,738 |
| 3 kW | 3073 kWh | 1229 kWh | 1844 kWh | £326 | £184 | £511 | £6,104 | 12.0 yrs | £4,107 |
| 4 kW | 4097 kWh | 1639 kWh | 2458 kWh | £435 | £246 | £681 | £8,138 | 12.0 yrs | £5,475 |
| 5 kW | 5122 kWh | 2049 kWh | 3073 kWh | £544 | £307 | £851 | £10,173 | 12.0 yrs | £6,844 |
| 6 kW | 6146 kWh | 2458 kWh | 3688 kWh | £652 | £369 | £1,021 | £12,207 | 12.0 yrs | £8,213 |
| 7 kW | 7171 kWh | 2868 kWh | 4302 kWh | £761 | £430 | £1,191 | £14,242 | 12.0 yrs | £9,582 |
| 8 kW | 8195 kWh | 3278 kWh | 4917 kWh | £870 | £492 | £1,361 | £16,276 | 12.0 yrs | £10,951 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,020, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 12.0 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2049 kWh | 1229 kWh | 819 kWh | £326 | £82 | £408 | £6,169 | 15.1 yrs | £1,992 |
| 3 kW | 3073 kWh | 1844 kWh | 1229 kWh | £489 | £123 | £612 | £8,204 | 13.4 yrs | £4,039 |
| 4 kW | 4097 kWh | 2458 kWh | 1639 kWh | £652 | £164 | £816 | £10,238 | 12.5 yrs | £6,085 |
| 5 kW | 5122 kWh | 3073 kWh | 2049 kWh | £815 | £205 | £1,020 | £12,273 | 12.0 yrs | £8,131 |
| 6 kW | 6146 kWh | 3688 kWh | 2458 kWh | £978 | £246 | £1,224 | £14,307 | 11.7 yrs | £10,177 |
| 7 kW | 7171 kWh | 4302 kWh | 2868 kWh | £1,141 | £287 | £1,428 | £16,342 | 11.4 yrs | £12,223 |
| 8 kW | 8195 kWh | 4917 kWh | 3278 kWh | £1,304 | £328 | £1,632 | £18,376 | 11.3 yrs | £14,269 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,105, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 12.4 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2049 kWh | 1434 kWh | 615 kWh | £380 | £61 | £442 | £7,569 | 17.1 yrs | £1,270 |
| 3 kW | 3073 kWh | 2151 kWh | 922 kWh | £571 | £92 | £663 | £9,604 | 14.5 yrs | £3,654 |
| 4 kW | 4097 kWh | 2868 kWh | 1229 kWh | £761 | £123 | £884 | £11,638 | 13.2 yrs | £6,039 |
| 5 kW | 5122 kWh | 3585 kWh | 1537 kWh | £951 | £154 | £1,105 | £13,673 | 12.4 yrs | £8,424 |
| 6 kW | 6146 kWh | 4302 kWh | 1844 kWh | £1,141 | £184 | £1,326 | £15,707 | 11.8 yrs | £10,809 |
| 7 kW | 7171 kWh | 5019 kWh | 2151 kWh | £1,332 | £215 | £1,547 | £17,742 | 11.5 yrs | £13,194 |
| 8 kW | 8195 kWh | 5736 kWh | 2458 kWh | £1,522 | £246 | £1,768 | £19,776 | 11.2 yrs | £15,579 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,130, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 13.6 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2049 kWh | 1496 kWh | 553 kWh | £397 | £55 | £452 | £9,319 | 20.6 yrs | £-277 |
| 3 kW | 3073 kWh | 2243 kWh | 830 kWh | £595 | £83 | £678 | £11,354 | 16.7 yrs | £2,209 |
| 4 kW | 4097 kWh | 2991 kWh | 1106 kWh | £794 | £111 | £904 | £13,388 | 14.8 yrs | £4,696 |
| 5 kW | 5122 kWh | 3739 kWh | 1383 kWh | £992 | £138 | £1,130 | £15,423 | 13.6 yrs | £7,182 |
| 6 kW | 6146 kWh | 4487 kWh | 1659 kWh | £1,190 | £166 | £1,356 | £17,457 | 12.9 yrs | £9,669 |
| 7 kW | 7171 kWh | 5235 kWh | 1936 kWh | £1,389 | £194 | £1,582 | £19,492 | 12.3 yrs | £12,155 |
| 8 kW | 8195 kWh | 5982 kWh | 2213 kWh | £1,587 | £221 | £1,808 | £21,526 | 11.9 yrs | £14,641 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,147, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 15.0 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2049 kWh | 1537 kWh | 512 kWh | £408 | £51 | £459 | £11,069 | 24.1 yrs | £-1,892 |
| 3 kW | 3073 kWh | 2305 kWh | 768 kWh | £611 | £77 | £688 | £13,104 | 19.0 yrs | £662 |
| 4 kW | 4097 kWh | 3073 kWh | 1024 kWh | £815 | £102 | £918 | £15,138 | 16.5 yrs | £3,217 |
| 5 kW | 5122 kWh | 3841 kWh | 1280 kWh | £1,019 | £128 | £1,147 | £17,173 | 15.0 yrs | £5,771 |
| 6 kW | 6146 kWh | 4610 kWh | 1537 kWh | £1,223 | £154 | £1,377 | £19,207 | 14.0 yrs | £8,325 |
| 7 kW | 7171 kWh | 5378 kWh | 1793 kWh | £1,427 | £179 | £1,606 | £21,242 | 13.2 yrs | £10,879 |
| 8 kW | 8195 kWh | 6146 kWh | 2049 kWh | £1,631 | £205 | £1,835 | £23,276 | 12.7 yrs | £13,433 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,164, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 16.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2049 kWh | 1578 kWh | 471 kWh | £419 | £47 | £466 | £13,519 | 29.0 yrs | £-4,206 |
| 3 kW | 3073 kWh | 2366 kWh | 707 kWh | £628 | £71 | £698 | £15,554 | 22.3 yrs | £-1,584 |
| 4 kW | 4097 kWh | 3155 kWh | 942 kWh | £837 | £94 | £931 | £17,588 | 18.9 yrs | £1,038 |
| 5 kW | 5122 kWh | 3944 kWh | 1178 kWh | £1,046 | £118 | £1,164 | £19,623 | 16.9 yrs | £3,659 |
| 6 kW | 6146 kWh | 4733 kWh | 1414 kWh | £1,256 | £141 | £1,397 | £21,657 | 15.5 yrs | £6,281 |
| 7 kW | 7171 kWh | 5521 kWh | 1649 kWh | £1,465 | £165 | £1,630 | £23,692 | 14.5 yrs | £8,903 |
| 8 kW | 8195 kWh | 6310 kWh | 1885 kWh | £1,674 | £188 | £1,863 | £25,726 | 13.8 yrs | £11,525 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.