A typical roof here lands around 6.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 1033 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 26.5p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £858, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 11.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2067 kWh | 827 kWh | 1240 kWh | £219 | £124 | £343 | £4,069 | 11.9 yrs | £2,797 |
| 3 kW | 3100 kWh | 1240 kWh | 1860 kWh | £329 | £186 | £515 | £6,104 | 11.9 yrs | £4,195 |
| 4 kW | 4133 kWh | 1653 kWh | 2480 kWh | £439 | £248 | £687 | £8,138 | 11.9 yrs | £5,594 |
| 5 kW | 5166 kWh | 2067 kWh | 3100 kWh | £548 | £310 | £858 | £10,173 | 11.9 yrs | £6,992 |
| 6 kW | 6200 kWh | 2480 kWh | 3720 kWh | £658 | £372 | £1,030 | £12,207 | 11.9 yrs | £8,391 |
| 7 kW | 7233 kWh | 2893 kWh | 4340 kWh | £768 | £434 | £1,202 | £14,242 | 11.9 yrs | £9,789 |
| 8 kW | 8266 kWh | 3306 kWh | 4960 kWh | £877 | £496 | £1,373 | £16,276 | 11.9 yrs | £11,188 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,029, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 11.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2067 kWh | 1240 kWh | 827 kWh | £329 | £83 | £412 | £6,169 | 15.0 yrs | £2,063 |
| 3 kW | 3100 kWh | 1860 kWh | 1240 kWh | £493 | £124 | £617 | £8,204 | 13.3 yrs | £4,145 |
| 4 kW | 4133 kWh | 2480 kWh | 1653 kWh | £658 | £165 | £823 | £10,238 | 12.4 yrs | £6,227 |
| 5 kW | 5166 kWh | 3100 kWh | 2067 kWh | £822 | £207 | £1,029 | £12,273 | 11.9 yrs | £8,308 |
| 6 kW | 6200 kWh | 3720 kWh | 2480 kWh | £987 | £248 | £1,235 | £14,307 | 11.6 yrs | £10,390 |
| 7 kW | 7233 kWh | 4340 kWh | 2893 kWh | £1,151 | £289 | £1,441 | £16,342 | 11.3 yrs | £12,472 |
| 8 kW | 8266 kWh | 4960 kWh | 3306 kWh | £1,316 | £331 | £1,646 | £18,376 | 11.2 yrs | £14,553 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,114, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 12.3 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2067 kWh | 1447 kWh | 620 kWh | £384 | £62 | £446 | £7,569 | 17.0 yrs | £1,347 |
| 3 kW | 3100 kWh | 2170 kWh | 930 kWh | £576 | £93 | £669 | £9,604 | 14.4 yrs | £3,770 |
| 4 kW | 4133 kWh | 2893 kWh | 1240 kWh | £768 | £124 | £892 | £11,638 | 13.1 yrs | £6,193 |
| 5 kW | 5166 kWh | 3616 kWh | 1550 kWh | £959 | £155 | £1,114 | £13,673 | 12.3 yrs | £8,616 |
| 6 kW | 6200 kWh | 4340 kWh | 1860 kWh | £1,151 | £186 | £1,337 | £15,707 | 11.7 yrs | £11,040 |
| 7 kW | 7233 kWh | 5063 kWh | 2170 kWh | £1,343 | £217 | £1,560 | £17,742 | 11.4 yrs | £13,463 |
| 8 kW | 8266 kWh | 5786 kWh | 2480 kWh | £1,535 | £248 | £1,783 | £19,776 | 11.1 yrs | £15,886 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,140, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 13.5 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2067 kWh | 1509 kWh | 558 kWh | £400 | £56 | £456 | £9,319 | 20.4 yrs | £-199 |
| 3 kW | 3100 kWh | 2263 kWh | 837 kWh | £600 | £84 | £684 | £11,354 | 16.6 yrs | £2,327 |
| 4 kW | 4133 kWh | 3017 kWh | 1116 kWh | £800 | £112 | £912 | £13,388 | 14.7 yrs | £4,853 |
| 5 kW | 5166 kWh | 3771 kWh | 1395 kWh | £1,001 | £139 | £1,140 | £15,423 | 13.5 yrs | £7,379 |
| 6 kW | 6200 kWh | 4526 kWh | 1674 kWh | £1,201 | £167 | £1,368 | £17,457 | 12.8 yrs | £9,904 |
| 7 kW | 7233 kWh | 5280 kWh | 1953 kWh | £1,401 | £195 | £1,596 | £19,492 | 12.2 yrs | £12,430 |
| 8 kW | 8266 kWh | 6034 kWh | 2232 kWh | £1,601 | £223 | £1,824 | £21,526 | 11.8 yrs | £14,956 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,157, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 14.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2067 kWh | 1550 kWh | 517 kWh | £411 | £52 | £463 | £11,069 | 23.9 yrs | £-1,812 |
| 3 kW | 3100 kWh | 2325 kWh | 775 kWh | £617 | £77 | £694 | £13,104 | 18.9 yrs | £782 |
| 4 kW | 4133 kWh | 3100 kWh | 1033 kWh | £822 | £103 | £926 | £15,138 | 16.4 yrs | £3,376 |
| 5 kW | 5166 kWh | 3875 kWh | 1292 kWh | £1,028 | £129 | £1,157 | £17,173 | 14.8 yrs | £5,970 |
| 6 kW | 6200 kWh | 4650 kWh | 1550 kWh | £1,234 | £155 | £1,389 | £19,207 | 13.8 yrs | £8,564 |
| 7 kW | 7233 kWh | 5425 kWh | 1808 kWh | £1,439 | £181 | £1,620 | £21,242 | 13.1 yrs | £11,158 |
| 8 kW | 8266 kWh | 6200 kWh | 2067 kWh | £1,645 | £207 | £1,851 | £23,276 | 12.6 yrs | £13,753 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,174, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 16.7 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2067 kWh | 1591 kWh | 475 kWh | £422 | £48 | £470 | £13,519 | 28.8 yrs | £-4,125 |
| 3 kW | 3100 kWh | 2387 kWh | 713 kWh | £633 | £71 | £705 | £15,554 | 22.1 yrs | £-1,463 |
| 4 kW | 4133 kWh | 3183 kWh | 951 kWh | £844 | £95 | £939 | £17,588 | 18.7 yrs | £1,200 |
| 5 kW | 5166 kWh | 3978 kWh | 1188 kWh | £1,055 | £119 | £1,174 | £19,623 | 16.7 yrs | £3,862 |
| 6 kW | 6200 kWh | 4774 kWh | 1426 kWh | £1,266 | £143 | £1,409 | £21,657 | 15.4 yrs | £6,524 |
| 7 kW | 7233 kWh | 5569 kWh | 1664 kWh | £1,478 | £166 | £1,644 | £23,692 | 14.4 yrs | £9,187 |
| 8 kW | 8266 kWh | 6365 kWh | 1901 kWh | £1,689 | £190 | £1,879 | £25,726 | 13.7 yrs | £11,849 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.