A typical roof here lands around 5.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 1033 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 26.5p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £858, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 11.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2065 kWh | 826 kWh | 1239 kWh | £219 | £124 | £343 | £4,069 | 11.9 yrs | £2,793 |
| 3 kW | 3098 kWh | 1239 kWh | 1859 kWh | £329 | £186 | £515 | £6,104 | 11.9 yrs | £4,189 |
| 4 kW | 4131 kWh | 1652 kWh | 2478 kWh | £438 | £248 | £686 | £8,138 | 11.9 yrs | £5,586 |
| 5 kW | 5163 kWh | 2065 kWh | 3098 kWh | £548 | £310 | £858 | £10,173 | 11.9 yrs | £6,982 |
| 6 kW | 6196 kWh | 2478 kWh | 3718 kWh | £658 | £372 | £1,029 | £12,207 | 11.9 yrs | £8,379 |
| 7 kW | 7229 kWh | 2892 kWh | 4337 kWh | £767 | £434 | £1,201 | £14,242 | 11.9 yrs | £9,775 |
| 8 kW | 8262 kWh | 3305 kWh | 4957 kWh | £877 | £496 | £1,372 | £16,276 | 11.9 yrs | £11,172 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,028, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 11.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2065 kWh | 1239 kWh | 826 kWh | £329 | £83 | £411 | £6,169 | 15.0 yrs | £2,059 |
| 3 kW | 3098 kWh | 1859 kWh | 1239 kWh | £493 | £124 | £617 | £8,204 | 13.3 yrs | £4,138 |
| 4 kW | 4131 kWh | 2478 kWh | 1652 kWh | £658 | £165 | £823 | £10,238 | 12.4 yrs | £6,217 |
| 5 kW | 5163 kWh | 3098 kWh | 2065 kWh | £822 | £207 | £1,028 | £12,273 | 11.9 yrs | £8,297 |
| 6 kW | 6196 kWh | 3718 kWh | 2478 kWh | £986 | £248 | £1,234 | £14,307 | 11.6 yrs | £10,376 |
| 7 kW | 7229 kWh | 4337 kWh | 2892 kWh | £1,151 | £289 | £1,440 | £16,342 | 11.3 yrs | £12,455 |
| 8 kW | 8262 kWh | 4957 kWh | 3305 kWh | £1,315 | £330 | £1,646 | £18,376 | 11.2 yrs | £14,535 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,114, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 12.3 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2065 kWh | 1446 kWh | 620 kWh | £384 | £62 | £446 | £7,569 | 17.0 yrs | £1,341 |
| 3 kW | 3098 kWh | 2169 kWh | 929 kWh | £575 | £93 | £668 | £9,604 | 14.4 yrs | £3,762 |
| 4 kW | 4131 kWh | 2892 kWh | 1239 kWh | £767 | £124 | £891 | £11,638 | 13.1 yrs | £6,183 |
| 5 kW | 5163 kWh | 3614 kWh | 1549 kWh | £959 | £155 | £1,114 | £13,673 | 12.3 yrs | £8,604 |
| 6 kW | 6196 kWh | 4337 kWh | 1859 kWh | £1,151 | £186 | £1,337 | £15,707 | 11.8 yrs | £11,024 |
| 7 kW | 7229 kWh | 5060 kWh | 2169 kWh | £1,342 | £217 | £1,559 | £17,742 | 11.4 yrs | £13,445 |
| 8 kW | 8262 kWh | 5783 kWh | 2478 kWh | £1,534 | £248 | £1,782 | £19,776 | 11.1 yrs | £15,866 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,139, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 13.5 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2065 kWh | 1508 kWh | 558 kWh | £400 | £56 | £456 | £9,319 | 20.4 yrs | £-204 |
| 3 kW | 3098 kWh | 2262 kWh | 836 kWh | £600 | £84 | £684 | £11,354 | 16.6 yrs | £2,319 |
| 4 kW | 4131 kWh | 3015 kWh | 1115 kWh | £800 | £112 | £912 | £13,388 | 14.7 yrs | £4,843 |
| 5 kW | 5163 kWh | 3769 kWh | 1394 kWh | £1,000 | £139 | £1,139 | £15,423 | 13.5 yrs | £7,366 |
| 6 kW | 6196 kWh | 4523 kWh | 1673 kWh | £1,200 | £167 | £1,367 | £17,457 | 12.8 yrs | £9,889 |
| 7 kW | 7229 kWh | 5277 kWh | 1952 kWh | £1,400 | £195 | £1,595 | £19,492 | 12.2 yrs | £12,412 |
| 8 kW | 8262 kWh | 6031 kWh | 2231 kWh | £1,600 | £223 | £1,823 | £21,526 | 11.8 yrs | £14,935 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,156, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 14.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2065 kWh | 1549 kWh | 516 kWh | £411 | £52 | £463 | £11,069 | 23.9 yrs | £-1,817 |
| 3 kW | 3098 kWh | 2324 kWh | 775 kWh | £616 | £77 | £694 | £13,104 | 18.9 yrs | £774 |
| 4 kW | 4131 kWh | 3098 kWh | 1033 kWh | £822 | £103 | £925 | £15,138 | 16.4 yrs | £3,366 |
| 5 kW | 5163 kWh | 3873 kWh | 1291 kWh | £1,027 | £129 | £1,156 | £17,173 | 14.8 yrs | £5,957 |
| 6 kW | 6196 kWh | 4647 kWh | 1549 kWh | £1,233 | £155 | £1,388 | £19,207 | 13.8 yrs | £8,549 |
| 7 kW | 7229 kWh | 5422 kWh | 1807 kWh | £1,438 | £181 | £1,619 | £21,242 | 13.1 yrs | £11,140 |
| 8 kW | 8262 kWh | 6196 kWh | 2065 kWh | £1,644 | £207 | £1,850 | £23,276 | 12.6 yrs | £13,731 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,174, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 16.7 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2065 kWh | 1590 kWh | 475 kWh | £422 | £48 | £469 | £13,519 | 28.8 yrs | £-4,131 |
| 3 kW | 3098 kWh | 2386 kWh | 713 kWh | £633 | £71 | £704 | £15,554 | 22.1 yrs | £-1,471 |
| 4 kW | 4131 kWh | 3181 kWh | 950 kWh | £844 | £95 | £939 | £17,588 | 18.7 yrs | £1,189 |
| 5 kW | 5163 kWh | 3976 kWh | 1188 kWh | £1,055 | £119 | £1,174 | £19,623 | 16.7 yrs | £3,849 |
| 6 kW | 6196 kWh | 4771 kWh | 1425 kWh | £1,266 | £143 | £1,408 | £21,657 | 15.4 yrs | £6,508 |
| 7 kW | 7229 kWh | 5566 kWh | 1663 kWh | £1,477 | £166 | £1,643 | £23,692 | 14.4 yrs | £9,168 |
| 8 kW | 8262 kWh | 6361 kWh | 1900 kWh | £1,688 | £190 | £1,878 | £25,726 | 13.7 yrs | £11,828 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.