A typical roof here lands around 5.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 940 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 27.7p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £803, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 12.7 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1880 kWh | 752 kWh | 1128 kWh | £208 | £113 | £321 | £4,069 | 12.7 yrs | £2,357 |
| 3 kW | 2820 kWh | 1128 kWh | 1692 kWh | £313 | £169 | £482 | £6,104 | 12.7 yrs | £3,536 |
| 4 kW | 3761 kWh | 1504 kWh | 2256 kWh | £417 | £226 | £643 | £8,138 | 12.7 yrs | £4,714 |
| 5 kW | 4701 kWh | 1880 kWh | 2820 kWh | £521 | £282 | £803 | £10,173 | 12.7 yrs | £5,893 |
| 6 kW | 5641 kWh | 2256 kWh | 3385 kWh | £625 | £338 | £964 | £12,207 | 12.7 yrs | £7,071 |
| 7 kW | 6581 kWh | 2632 kWh | 3949 kWh | £730 | £395 | £1,125 | £14,242 | 12.7 yrs | £8,250 |
| 8 kW | 7521 kWh | 3009 kWh | 4513 kWh | £834 | £451 | £1,285 | £16,276 | 12.7 yrs | £9,429 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £970, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 12.7 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1880 kWh | 1128 kWh | 752 kWh | £313 | £75 | £388 | £6,169 | 15.9 yrs | £1,590 |
| 3 kW | 2820 kWh | 1692 kWh | 1128 kWh | £469 | £113 | £582 | £8,204 | 14.1 yrs | £3,435 |
| 4 kW | 3761 kWh | 2256 kWh | 1504 kWh | £625 | £150 | £776 | £10,238 | 13.2 yrs | £5,280 |
| 5 kW | 4701 kWh | 2820 kWh | 1880 kWh | £782 | £188 | £970 | £12,273 | 12.7 yrs | £7,125 |
| 6 kW | 5641 kWh | 3385 kWh | 2256 kWh | £938 | £226 | £1,164 | £14,307 | 12.3 yrs | £8,970 |
| 7 kW | 6581 kWh | 3949 kWh | 2632 kWh | £1,095 | £263 | £1,358 | £16,342 | 12.0 yrs | £10,815 |
| 8 kW | 7521 kWh | 4513 kWh | 3009 kWh | £1,251 | £301 | £1,552 | £18,376 | 11.8 yrs | £12,660 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,053, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 13.0 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1880 kWh | 1316 kWh | 564 kWh | £365 | £56 | £421 | £7,569 | 18.0 yrs | £856 |
| 3 kW | 2820 kWh | 1974 kWh | 846 kWh | £547 | £85 | £632 | £9,604 | 15.2 yrs | £3,034 |
| 4 kW | 3761 kWh | 2632 kWh | 1128 kWh | £730 | £113 | £843 | £11,638 | 13.8 yrs | £5,213 |
| 5 kW | 4701 kWh | 3291 kWh | 1410 kWh | £912 | £141 | £1,053 | £13,673 | 13.0 yrs | £7,391 |
| 6 kW | 5641 kWh | 3949 kWh | 1692 kWh | £1,095 | £169 | £1,264 | £15,707 | 12.4 yrs | £9,569 |
| 7 kW | 6581 kWh | 4607 kWh | 1974 kWh | £1,277 | £197 | £1,474 | £17,742 | 12.0 yrs | £11,747 |
| 8 kW | 7521 kWh | 5265 kWh | 2256 kWh | £1,459 | £226 | £1,685 | £19,776 | 11.7 yrs | £13,925 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,078, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 14.3 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1880 kWh | 1373 kWh | 508 kWh | £380 | £51 | £431 | £9,319 | 21.6 yrs | £-694 |
| 3 kW | 2820 kWh | 2059 kWh | 762 kWh | £571 | £76 | £647 | £11,354 | 17.6 yrs | £1,584 |
| 4 kW | 3761 kWh | 2745 kWh | 1015 kWh | £761 | £102 | £863 | £13,388 | 15.5 yrs | £3,862 |
| 5 kW | 4701 kWh | 3432 kWh | 1269 kWh | £951 | £127 | £1,078 | £15,423 | 14.3 yrs | £6,141 |
| 6 kW | 5641 kWh | 4118 kWh | 1523 kWh | £1,141 | £152 | £1,294 | £17,457 | 13.5 yrs | £8,419 |
| 7 kW | 6581 kWh | 4804 kWh | 1777 kWh | £1,332 | £178 | £1,509 | £19,492 | 12.9 yrs | £10,697 |
| 8 kW | 7521 kWh | 5491 kWh | 2031 kWh | £1,522 | £203 | £1,725 | £21,526 | 12.5 yrs | £12,975 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,095, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 15.7 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1880 kWh | 1410 kWh | 470 kWh | £391 | £47 | £438 | £11,069 | 25.3 yrs | £-2,310 |
| 3 kW | 2820 kWh | 2115 kWh | 705 kWh | £586 | £71 | £657 | £13,104 | 19.9 yrs | £34 |
| 4 kW | 3761 kWh | 2820 kWh | 940 kWh | £782 | £94 | £876 | £15,138 | 17.3 yrs | £2,379 |
| 5 kW | 4701 kWh | 3526 kWh | 1175 kWh | £977 | £118 | £1,095 | £17,173 | 15.7 yrs | £4,724 |
| 6 kW | 5641 kWh | 4231 kWh | 1410 kWh | £1,173 | £141 | £1,314 | £19,207 | 14.6 yrs | £7,069 |
| 7 kW | 6581 kWh | 4936 kWh | 1645 kWh | £1,368 | £165 | £1,533 | £21,242 | 13.9 yrs | £9,413 |
| 8 kW | 7521 kWh | 5641 kWh | 1880 kWh | £1,564 | £188 | £1,752 | £23,276 | 13.3 yrs | £11,758 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,111, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 17.7 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1880 kWh | 1448 kWh | 432 kWh | £401 | £43 | £445 | £13,519 | 30.4 yrs | £-4,627 |
| 3 kW | 2820 kWh | 2172 kWh | 649 kWh | £602 | £65 | £667 | £15,554 | 23.3 yrs | £-2,216 |
| 4 kW | 3761 kWh | 2896 kWh | 865 kWh | £803 | £86 | £889 | £17,588 | 19.8 yrs | £196 |
| 5 kW | 4701 kWh | 3620 kWh | 1081 kWh | £1,003 | £108 | £1,111 | £19,623 | 17.7 yrs | £2,607 |
| 6 kW | 5641 kWh | 4344 kWh | 1297 kWh | £1,204 | £130 | £1,334 | £21,657 | 16.2 yrs | £5,018 |
| 7 kW | 6581 kWh | 5067 kWh | 1514 kWh | £1,405 | £151 | £1,556 | £23,692 | 15.2 yrs | £7,430 |
| 8 kW | 7521 kWh | 5791 kWh | 1730 kWh | £1,605 | £173 | £1,778 | £25,726 | 14.5 yrs | £9,841 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.