A typical roof here lands around 5.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 1043 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 26.8p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £872, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 11.7 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2085 kWh | 834 kWh | 1251 kWh | £224 | £125 | £349 | £4,069 | 11.7 yrs | £2,910 |
| 3 kW | 3128 kWh | 1251 kWh | 1877 kWh | £336 | £188 | £523 | £6,104 | 11.7 yrs | £4,365 |
| 4 kW | 4171 kWh | 1668 kWh | 2503 kWh | £448 | £250 | £698 | £8,138 | 11.7 yrs | £5,819 |
| 5 kW | 5214 kWh | 2085 kWh | 3128 kWh | £560 | £313 | £872 | £10,173 | 11.7 yrs | £7,274 |
| 6 kW | 6256 kWh | 2503 kWh | 3754 kWh | £671 | £375 | £1,047 | £12,207 | 11.7 yrs | £8,729 |
| 7 kW | 7299 kWh | 2920 kWh | 4379 kWh | £783 | £438 | £1,221 | £14,242 | 11.7 yrs | £10,184 |
| 8 kW | 8342 kWh | 3337 kWh | 5005 kWh | £895 | £501 | £1,396 | £16,276 | 11.7 yrs | £11,639 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,048, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 11.7 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2085 kWh | 1251 kWh | 834 kWh | £336 | £83 | £419 | £6,169 | 14.7 yrs | £2,214 |
| 3 kW | 3128 kWh | 1877 kWh | 1251 kWh | £504 | £125 | £629 | £8,204 | 13.0 yrs | £4,370 |
| 4 kW | 4171 kWh | 2503 kWh | 1668 kWh | £671 | £167 | £838 | £10,238 | 12.2 yrs | £6,527 |
| 5 kW | 5214 kWh | 3128 kWh | 2085 kWh | £839 | £209 | £1,048 | £12,273 | 11.7 yrs | £8,684 |
| 6 kW | 6256 kWh | 3754 kWh | 2503 kWh | £1,007 | £250 | £1,257 | £14,307 | 11.4 yrs | £10,841 |
| 7 kW | 7299 kWh | 4379 kWh | 2920 kWh | £1,175 | £292 | £1,467 | £16,342 | 11.1 yrs | £12,998 |
| 8 kW | 8342 kWh | 5005 kWh | 3337 kWh | £1,343 | £334 | £1,677 | £18,376 | 11.0 yrs | £15,154 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,136, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 12.0 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2085 kWh | 1460 kWh | 626 kWh | £392 | £63 | £454 | £7,569 | 16.7 yrs | £1,516 |
| 3 kW | 3128 kWh | 2190 kWh | 938 kWh | £587 | £94 | £681 | £9,604 | 14.1 yrs | £4,023 |
| 4 kW | 4171 kWh | 2920 kWh | 1251 kWh | £783 | £125 | £908 | £11,638 | 12.8 yrs | £6,531 |
| 5 kW | 5214 kWh | 3650 kWh | 1564 kWh | £979 | £156 | £1,136 | £13,673 | 12.0 yrs | £9,039 |
| 6 kW | 6256 kWh | 4379 kWh | 1877 kWh | £1,175 | £188 | £1,363 | £15,707 | 11.5 yrs | £11,547 |
| 7 kW | 7299 kWh | 5109 kWh | 2190 kWh | £1,371 | £219 | £1,590 | £17,742 | 11.2 yrs | £14,055 |
| 8 kW | 8342 kWh | 5839 kWh | 2503 kWh | £1,567 | £250 | £1,817 | £19,776 | 10.9 yrs | £16,562 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,162, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 13.3 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2085 kWh | 1522 kWh | 563 kWh | £408 | £56 | £465 | £9,319 | 20.1 yrs | £-24 |
| 3 kW | 3128 kWh | 2284 kWh | 845 kWh | £613 | £84 | £697 | £11,354 | 16.3 yrs | £2,589 |
| 4 kW | 4171 kWh | 3045 kWh | 1126 kWh | £817 | £113 | £930 | £13,388 | 14.4 yrs | £5,202 |
| 5 kW | 5214 kWh | 3806 kWh | 1408 kWh | £1,021 | £141 | £1,162 | £15,423 | 13.3 yrs | £7,815 |
| 6 kW | 6256 kWh | 4567 kWh | 1689 kWh | £1,225 | £169 | £1,394 | £17,457 | 12.5 yrs | £10,428 |
| 7 kW | 7299 kWh | 5328 kWh | 1971 kWh | £1,430 | £197 | £1,627 | £19,492 | 12.0 yrs | £13,042 |
| 8 kW | 8342 kWh | 6089 kWh | 2252 kWh | £1,634 | £225 | £1,859 | £21,526 | 11.6 yrs | £15,655 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,179, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 14.6 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2085 kWh | 1564 kWh | 521 kWh | £420 | £52 | £472 | £11,069 | 23.5 yrs | £-1,633 |
| 3 kW | 3128 kWh | 2346 kWh | 782 kWh | £629 | £78 | £708 | £13,104 | 18.5 yrs | £1,050 |
| 4 kW | 4171 kWh | 3128 kWh | 1043 kWh | £839 | £104 | £944 | £15,138 | 16.0 yrs | £3,733 |
| 5 kW | 5214 kWh | 3910 kWh | 1303 kWh | £1,049 | £130 | £1,179 | £17,173 | 14.6 yrs | £6,416 |
| 6 kW | 6256 kWh | 4692 kWh | 1564 kWh | £1,259 | £156 | £1,415 | £19,207 | 13.6 yrs | £9,100 |
| 7 kW | 7299 kWh | 5474 kWh | 1825 kWh | £1,469 | £182 | £1,651 | £21,242 | 12.9 yrs | £11,783 |
| 8 kW | 8342 kWh | 6256 kWh | 2085 kWh | £1,679 | £209 | £1,887 | £23,276 | 12.3 yrs | £14,466 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,197, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 16.4 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2085 kWh | 1606 kWh | 480 kWh | £431 | £48 | £479 | £13,519 | 28.2 yrs | £-3,943 |
| 3 kW | 3128 kWh | 2409 kWh | 719 kWh | £646 | £72 | £718 | £15,554 | 21.7 yrs | £-1,190 |
| 4 kW | 4171 kWh | 3212 kWh | 959 kWh | £862 | £96 | £958 | £17,588 | 18.4 yrs | £1,564 |
| 5 kW | 5214 kWh | 4014 kWh | 1199 kWh | £1,077 | £120 | £1,197 | £19,623 | 16.4 yrs | £4,317 |
| 6 kW | 6256 kWh | 4817 kWh | 1439 kWh | £1,292 | £144 | £1,436 | £21,657 | 15.1 yrs | £7,071 |
| 7 kW | 7299 kWh | 5620 kWh | 1679 kWh | £1,508 | £168 | £1,676 | £23,692 | 14.1 yrs | £9,824 |
| 8 kW | 8342 kWh | 6423 kWh | 1919 kWh | £1,723 | £192 | £1,915 | £25,726 | 13.4 yrs | £12,578 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.