A typical roof here lands around 4.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 921 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 26.8p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £770, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 13.2 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1841 kWh | 736 kWh | 1105 kWh | £198 | £110 | £308 | £4,069 | 13.2 yrs | £2,092 |
| 3 kW | 2762 kWh | 1105 kWh | 1657 kWh | £296 | £166 | £462 | £6,104 | 13.2 yrs | £3,138 |
| 4 kW | 3682 kWh | 1473 kWh | 2209 kWh | £395 | £221 | £616 | £8,138 | 13.2 yrs | £4,185 |
| 5 kW | 4603 kWh | 1841 kWh | 2762 kWh | £494 | £276 | £770 | £10,173 | 13.2 yrs | £5,231 |
| 6 kW | 5524 kWh | 2209 kWh | 3314 kWh | £593 | £331 | £924 | £12,207 | 13.2 yrs | £6,277 |
| 7 kW | 6444 kWh | 2578 kWh | 3866 kWh | £692 | £387 | £1,078 | £14,242 | 13.2 yrs | £7,323 |
| 8 kW | 7365 kWh | 2946 kWh | 4419 kWh | £790 | £442 | £1,232 | £16,276 | 13.2 yrs | £8,369 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £925, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 13.3 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1841 kWh | 1105 kWh | 736 kWh | £296 | £74 | £370 | £6,169 | 16.7 yrs | £1,232 |
| 3 kW | 2762 kWh | 1657 kWh | 1105 kWh | £445 | £110 | £555 | £8,204 | 14.8 yrs | £2,898 |
| 4 kW | 3682 kWh | 2209 kWh | 1473 kWh | £593 | £147 | £740 | £10,238 | 13.8 yrs | £4,564 |
| 5 kW | 4603 kWh | 2762 kWh | 1841 kWh | £741 | £184 | £925 | £12,273 | 13.3 yrs | £6,229 |
| 6 kW | 5524 kWh | 3314 kWh | 2209 kWh | £889 | £221 | £1,110 | £14,307 | 12.9 yrs | £7,895 |
| 7 kW | 6444 kWh | 3866 kWh | 2578 kWh | £1,037 | £258 | £1,295 | £16,342 | 12.6 yrs | £9,561 |
| 8 kW | 7365 kWh | 4419 kWh | 2946 kWh | £1,186 | £295 | £1,480 | £18,376 | 12.4 yrs | £11,227 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,003, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 13.6 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1841 kWh | 1289 kWh | 552 kWh | £346 | £55 | £401 | £7,569 | 18.9 yrs | £452 |
| 3 kW | 2762 kWh | 1933 kWh | 829 kWh | £519 | £83 | £602 | £9,604 | 16.0 yrs | £2,427 |
| 4 kW | 3682 kWh | 2578 kWh | 1105 kWh | £692 | £110 | £802 | £11,638 | 14.5 yrs | £4,403 |
| 5 kW | 4603 kWh | 3222 kWh | 1381 kWh | £864 | £138 | £1,003 | £13,673 | 13.6 yrs | £6,379 |
| 6 kW | 5524 kWh | 3866 kWh | 1657 kWh | £1,037 | £166 | £1,203 | £15,707 | 13.1 yrs | £8,355 |
| 7 kW | 6444 kWh | 4511 kWh | 1933 kWh | £1,210 | £193 | £1,404 | £17,742 | 12.6 yrs | £10,330 |
| 8 kW | 7365 kWh | 5155 kWh | 2209 kWh | £1,383 | £221 | £1,604 | £19,776 | 12.3 yrs | £12,306 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,026, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 15.0 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1841 kWh | 1344 kWh | 497 kWh | £361 | £50 | £410 | £9,319 | 22.7 yrs | £-1,113 |
| 3 kW | 2762 kWh | 2016 kWh | 746 kWh | £541 | £75 | £615 | £11,354 | 18.4 yrs | £956 |
| 4 kW | 3682 kWh | 2688 kWh | 994 kWh | £721 | £99 | £821 | £13,388 | 16.3 yrs | £3,025 |
| 5 kW | 4603 kWh | 3360 kWh | 1243 kWh | £902 | £124 | £1,026 | £15,423 | 15.0 yrs | £5,094 |
| 6 kW | 5524 kWh | 4032 kWh | 1491 kWh | £1,082 | £149 | £1,231 | £17,457 | 14.2 yrs | £7,162 |
| 7 kW | 6444 kWh | 4704 kWh | 1740 kWh | £1,262 | £174 | £1,436 | £19,492 | 13.6 yrs | £9,231 |
| 8 kW | 7365 kWh | 5376 kWh | 1988 kWh | £1,442 | £199 | £1,641 | £21,526 | 13.1 yrs | £11,300 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,041, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 16.5 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1841 kWh | 1381 kWh | 460 kWh | £370 | £46 | £417 | £11,069 | 26.6 yrs | £-2,739 |
| 3 kW | 2762 kWh | 2071 kWh | 690 kWh | £556 | £69 | £625 | £13,104 | 21.0 yrs | £-608 |
| 4 kW | 3682 kWh | 2762 kWh | 921 kWh | £741 | £92 | £833 | £15,138 | 18.2 yrs | £1,523 |
| 5 kW | 4603 kWh | 3452 kWh | 1151 kWh | £926 | £115 | £1,041 | £17,173 | 16.5 yrs | £3,653 |
| 6 kW | 5524 kWh | 4143 kWh | 1381 kWh | £1,111 | £138 | £1,250 | £19,207 | 15.4 yrs | £5,784 |
| 7 kW | 6444 kWh | 4833 kWh | 1611 kWh | £1,297 | £161 | £1,458 | £21,242 | 14.6 yrs | £7,915 |
| 8 kW | 7365 kWh | 5524 kWh | 1841 kWh | £1,482 | £184 | £1,666 | £23,276 | 14.0 yrs | £10,046 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,057, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 18.6 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1841 kWh | 1418 kWh | 423 kWh | £380 | £42 | £423 | £13,519 | 32.0 yrs | £-5,065 |
| 3 kW | 2762 kWh | 2127 kWh | 635 kWh | £571 | £64 | £634 | £15,554 | 24.5 yrs | £-2,872 |
| 4 kW | 3682 kWh | 2835 kWh | 847 kWh | £761 | £85 | £845 | £17,588 | 20.8 yrs | £-679 |
| 5 kW | 4603 kWh | 3544 kWh | 1059 kWh | £951 | £106 | £1,057 | £19,623 | 18.6 yrs | £1,513 |
| 6 kW | 5524 kWh | 4253 kWh | 1270 kWh | £1,141 | £127 | £1,268 | £21,657 | 17.1 yrs | £3,706 |
| 7 kW | 6444 kWh | 4962 kWh | 1482 kWh | £1,331 | £148 | £1,480 | £23,692 | 16.0 yrs | £5,899 |
| 8 kW | 7365 kWh | 5671 kWh | 1694 kWh | £1,521 | £169 | £1,691 | £25,726 | 15.2 yrs | £8,091 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.