A typical roof here lands around 5.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 1010 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 26.5p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £839, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 12.1 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2021 kWh | 808 kWh | 1212 kWh | £214 | £121 | £336 | £4,069 | 12.1 yrs | £2,644 |
| 3 kW | 3031 kWh | 1212 kWh | 1819 kWh | £322 | £182 | £503 | £6,104 | 12.1 yrs | £3,966 |
| 4 kW | 4041 kWh | 1616 kWh | 2425 kWh | £429 | £242 | £671 | £8,138 | 12.1 yrs | £5,288 |
| 5 kW | 5051 kWh | 2021 kWh | 3031 kWh | £536 | £303 | £839 | £10,173 | 12.1 yrs | £6,610 |
| 6 kW | 6062 kWh | 2425 kWh | 3637 kWh | £643 | £364 | £1,007 | £12,207 | 12.1 yrs | £7,932 |
| 7 kW | 7072 kWh | 2829 kWh | 4243 kWh | £750 | £424 | £1,175 | £14,242 | 12.1 yrs | £9,255 |
| 8 kW | 8082 kWh | 3233 kWh | 4849 kWh | £858 | £485 | £1,343 | £16,276 | 12.1 yrs | £10,577 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,006, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 12.2 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2021 kWh | 1212 kWh | 808 kWh | £322 | £81 | £402 | £6,169 | 15.3 yrs | £1,880 |
| 3 kW | 3031 kWh | 1819 kWh | 1212 kWh | £482 | £121 | £604 | £8,204 | 13.6 yrs | £3,870 |
| 4 kW | 4041 kWh | 2425 kWh | 1616 kWh | £643 | £162 | £805 | £10,238 | 12.7 yrs | £5,860 |
| 5 kW | 5051 kWh | 3031 kWh | 2021 kWh | £804 | £202 | £1,006 | £12,273 | 12.2 yrs | £7,850 |
| 6 kW | 6062 kWh | 3637 kWh | 2425 kWh | £965 | £242 | £1,207 | £14,307 | 11.8 yrs | £9,840 |
| 7 kW | 7072 kWh | 4243 kWh | 2829 kWh | £1,126 | £283 | £1,409 | £16,342 | 11.6 yrs | £11,831 |
| 8 kW | 8082 kWh | 4849 kWh | 3233 kWh | £1,287 | £323 | £1,610 | £18,376 | 11.4 yrs | £13,821 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,090, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 12.5 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2021 kWh | 1414 kWh | 606 kWh | £375 | £61 | £436 | £7,569 | 17.4 yrs | £1,148 |
| 3 kW | 3031 kWh | 2122 kWh | 909 kWh | £563 | £91 | £654 | £9,604 | 14.7 yrs | £3,472 |
| 4 kW | 4041 kWh | 2829 kWh | 1212 kWh | £750 | £121 | £872 | £11,638 | 13.4 yrs | £5,796 |
| 5 kW | 5051 kWh | 3536 kWh | 1515 kWh | £938 | £152 | £1,090 | £13,673 | 12.5 yrs | £8,120 |
| 6 kW | 6062 kWh | 4243 kWh | 1819 kWh | £1,126 | £182 | £1,308 | £15,707 | 12.0 yrs | £10,444 |
| 7 kW | 7072 kWh | 4950 kWh | 2122 kWh | £1,313 | £212 | £1,526 | £17,742 | 11.6 yrs | £12,769 |
| 8 kW | 8082 kWh | 5658 kWh | 2425 kWh | £1,501 | £242 | £1,743 | £19,776 | 11.3 yrs | £15,093 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,115, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 13.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2021 kWh | 1475 kWh | 546 kWh | £391 | £55 | £446 | £9,319 | 20.9 yrs | £-401 |
| 3 kW | 3031 kWh | 2213 kWh | 818 kWh | £587 | £82 | £669 | £11,354 | 17.0 yrs | £2,023 |
| 4 kW | 4041 kWh | 2950 kWh | 1091 kWh | £783 | £109 | £892 | £13,388 | 15.0 yrs | £4,447 |
| 5 kW | 5051 kWh | 3688 kWh | 1364 kWh | £978 | £136 | £1,115 | £15,423 | 13.8 yrs | £6,871 |
| 6 kW | 6062 kWh | 4425 kWh | 1637 kWh | £1,174 | £164 | £1,338 | £17,457 | 13.1 yrs | £9,296 |
| 7 kW | 7072 kWh | 5163 kWh | 1909 kWh | £1,370 | £191 | £1,561 | £19,492 | 12.5 yrs | £11,720 |
| 8 kW | 8082 kWh | 5900 kWh | 2182 kWh | £1,565 | £218 | £1,784 | £21,526 | 12.1 yrs | £14,144 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,131, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 15.2 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2021 kWh | 1515 kWh | 505 kWh | £402 | £51 | £453 | £11,069 | 24.5 yrs | £-2,018 |
| 3 kW | 3031 kWh | 2273 kWh | 758 kWh | £603 | £76 | £679 | £13,104 | 19.3 yrs | £473 |
| 4 kW | 4041 kWh | 3031 kWh | 1010 kWh | £804 | £101 | £905 | £15,138 | 16.7 yrs | £2,964 |
| 5 kW | 5051 kWh | 3789 kWh | 1263 kWh | £1,005 | £126 | £1,131 | £17,173 | 15.2 yrs | £5,455 |
| 6 kW | 6062 kWh | 4546 kWh | 1515 kWh | £1,206 | £152 | £1,358 | £19,207 | 14.1 yrs | £7,947 |
| 7 kW | 7072 kWh | 5304 kWh | 1768 kWh | £1,407 | £177 | £1,584 | £21,242 | 13.4 yrs | £10,438 |
| 8 kW | 8082 kWh | 6062 kWh | 2021 kWh | £1,608 | £202 | £1,810 | £23,276 | 12.9 yrs | £12,929 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,148, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 17.1 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2021 kWh | 1556 kWh | 465 kWh | £413 | £46 | £459 | £13,519 | 29.4 yrs | £-4,334 |
| 3 kW | 3031 kWh | 2334 kWh | 697 kWh | £619 | £70 | £689 | £15,554 | 22.6 yrs | £-1,776 |
| 4 kW | 4041 kWh | 3112 kWh | 929 kWh | £826 | £93 | £918 | £17,588 | 19.1 yrs | £782 |
| 5 kW | 5051 kWh | 3890 kWh | 1162 kWh | £1,032 | £116 | £1,148 | £19,623 | 17.1 yrs | £3,339 |
| 6 kW | 6062 kWh | 4668 kWh | 1394 kWh | £1,238 | £139 | £1,378 | £21,657 | 15.7 yrs | £5,897 |
| 7 kW | 7072 kWh | 5445 kWh | 1627 kWh | £1,445 | £163 | £1,607 | £23,692 | 14.7 yrs | £8,455 |
| 8 kW | 8082 kWh | 6223 kWh | 1859 kWh | £1,651 | £186 | £1,837 | £25,726 | 14.0 yrs | £11,013 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.