A typical roof here lands around 6.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 1009 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 26.5p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £838, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 12.1 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2019 kWh | 807 kWh | 1211 kWh | £214 | £121 | £335 | £4,069 | 12.1 yrs | £2,638 |
| 3 kW | 3028 kWh | 1211 kWh | 1817 kWh | £321 | £182 | £503 | £6,104 | 12.1 yrs | £3,957 |
| 4 kW | 4037 kWh | 1615 kWh | 2422 kWh | £428 | £242 | £671 | £8,138 | 12.1 yrs | £5,276 |
| 5 kW | 5047 kWh | 2019 kWh | 3028 kWh | £536 | £303 | £838 | £10,173 | 12.1 yrs | £6,595 |
| 6 kW | 6056 kWh | 2422 kWh | 3634 kWh | £643 | £363 | £1,006 | £12,207 | 12.1 yrs | £7,914 |
| 7 kW | 7066 kWh | 2826 kWh | 4239 kWh | £750 | £424 | £1,174 | £14,242 | 12.1 yrs | £9,233 |
| 8 kW | 8075 kWh | 3230 kWh | 4845 kWh | £857 | £484 | £1,341 | £16,276 | 12.1 yrs | £10,552 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,005, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 12.2 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2019 kWh | 1211 kWh | 807 kWh | £321 | £81 | £402 | £6,169 | 15.3 yrs | £1,873 |
| 3 kW | 3028 kWh | 1817 kWh | 1211 kWh | £482 | £121 | £603 | £8,204 | 13.6 yrs | £3,859 |
| 4 kW | 4037 kWh | 2422 kWh | 1615 kWh | £643 | £161 | £804 | £10,238 | 12.7 yrs | £5,846 |
| 5 kW | 5047 kWh | 3028 kWh | 2019 kWh | £803 | £202 | £1,005 | £12,273 | 12.2 yrs | £7,832 |
| 6 kW | 6056 kWh | 3634 kWh | 2422 kWh | £964 | £242 | £1,206 | £14,307 | 11.9 yrs | £9,818 |
| 7 kW | 7066 kWh | 4239 kWh | 2826 kWh | £1,125 | £283 | £1,407 | £16,342 | 11.6 yrs | £11,805 |
| 8 kW | 8075 kWh | 4845 kWh | 3230 kWh | £1,285 | £323 | £1,608 | £18,376 | 11.4 yrs | £13,791 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,089, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 12.6 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2019 kWh | 1413 kWh | 606 kWh | £375 | £61 | £435 | £7,569 | 17.4 yrs | £1,140 |
| 3 kW | 3028 kWh | 2120 kWh | 908 kWh | £562 | £91 | £653 | £9,604 | 14.7 yrs | £3,460 |
| 4 kW | 4037 kWh | 2826 kWh | 1211 kWh | £750 | £121 | £871 | £11,638 | 13.4 yrs | £5,780 |
| 5 kW | 5047 kWh | 3533 kWh | 1514 kWh | £937 | £151 | £1,089 | £13,673 | 12.6 yrs | £8,100 |
| 6 kW | 6056 kWh | 4239 kWh | 1817 kWh | £1,125 | £182 | £1,306 | £15,707 | 12.0 yrs | £10,420 |
| 7 kW | 7066 kWh | 4946 kWh | 2120 kWh | £1,312 | £212 | £1,524 | £17,742 | 11.6 yrs | £12,740 |
| 8 kW | 8075 kWh | 5652 kWh | 2422 kWh | £1,500 | £242 | £1,742 | £19,776 | 11.4 yrs | £15,061 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,114, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 13.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2019 kWh | 1474 kWh | 545 kWh | £391 | £55 | £445 | £9,319 | 20.9 yrs | £-410 |
| 3 kW | 3028 kWh | 2210 kWh | 818 kWh | £586 | £82 | £668 | £11,354 | 17.0 yrs | £2,011 |
| 4 kW | 4037 kWh | 2947 kWh | 1090 kWh | £782 | £109 | £891 | £13,388 | 15.0 yrs | £4,431 |
| 5 kW | 5047 kWh | 3684 kWh | 1363 kWh | £977 | £136 | £1,114 | £15,423 | 13.8 yrs | £6,851 |
| 6 kW | 6056 kWh | 4421 kWh | 1635 kWh | £1,173 | £164 | £1,336 | £17,457 | 13.1 yrs | £9,271 |
| 7 kW | 7066 kWh | 5158 kWh | 1908 kWh | £1,368 | £191 | £1,559 | £19,492 | 12.5 yrs | £11,691 |
| 8 kW | 8075 kWh | 5895 kWh | 2180 kWh | £1,564 | £218 | £1,782 | £21,526 | 12.1 yrs | £14,111 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,130, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 15.2 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2019 kWh | 1514 kWh | 505 kWh | £402 | £50 | £452 | £11,069 | 24.5 yrs | £-2,026 |
| 3 kW | 3028 kWh | 2271 kWh | 757 kWh | £603 | £76 | £678 | £13,104 | 19.3 yrs | £461 |
| 4 kW | 4037 kWh | 3028 kWh | 1009 kWh | £803 | £101 | £904 | £15,138 | 16.7 yrs | £2,948 |
| 5 kW | 5047 kWh | 3785 kWh | 1262 kWh | £1,004 | £126 | £1,130 | £17,173 | 15.2 yrs | £5,435 |
| 6 kW | 6056 kWh | 4542 kWh | 1514 kWh | £1,205 | £151 | £1,356 | £19,207 | 14.2 yrs | £7,922 |
| 7 kW | 7066 kWh | 5299 kWh | 1766 kWh | £1,406 | £177 | £1,582 | £21,242 | 13.4 yrs | £10,408 |
| 8 kW | 8075 kWh | 6056 kWh | 2019 kWh | £1,607 | £202 | £1,809 | £23,276 | 12.9 yrs | £12,895 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,147, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 17.1 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2019 kWh | 1554 kWh | 464 kWh | £412 | £46 | £459 | £13,519 | 29.5 yrs | £-4,343 |
| 3 kW | 3028 kWh | 2332 kWh | 696 kWh | £619 | £70 | £688 | £15,554 | 22.6 yrs | £-1,789 |
| 4 kW | 4037 kWh | 3109 kWh | 929 kWh | £825 | £93 | £918 | £17,588 | 19.2 yrs | £765 |
| 5 kW | 5047 kWh | 3886 kWh | 1161 kWh | £1,031 | £116 | £1,147 | £19,623 | 17.1 yrs | £3,318 |
| 6 kW | 6056 kWh | 4663 kWh | 1393 kWh | £1,237 | £139 | £1,376 | £21,657 | 15.7 yrs | £5,872 |
| 7 kW | 7066 kWh | 5440 kWh | 1625 kWh | £1,443 | £163 | £1,606 | £23,692 | 14.8 yrs | £8,426 |
| 8 kW | 8075 kWh | 6218 kWh | 1857 kWh | £1,650 | £186 | £1,835 | £25,726 | 14.0 yrs | £10,979 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.