A typical roof here lands around 3.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 1013 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 26.5p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £841, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 12.1 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2026 kWh | 810 kWh | 1216 kWh | £215 | £122 | £337 | £4,069 | 12.1 yrs | £2,663 |
| 3 kW | 3039 kWh | 1216 kWh | 1824 kWh | £323 | £182 | £505 | £6,104 | 12.1 yrs | £3,994 |
| 4 kW | 4052 kWh | 1621 kWh | 2431 kWh | £430 | £243 | £673 | £8,138 | 12.1 yrs | £5,326 |
| 5 kW | 5066 kWh | 2026 kWh | 3039 kWh | £538 | £304 | £841 | £10,173 | 12.1 yrs | £6,657 |
| 6 kW | 6079 kWh | 2431 kWh | 3647 kWh | £645 | £365 | £1,010 | £12,207 | 12.1 yrs | £7,988 |
| 7 kW | 7092 kWh | 2837 kWh | 4255 kWh | £753 | £426 | £1,178 | £14,242 | 12.1 yrs | £9,320 |
| 8 kW | 8105 kWh | 3242 kWh | 4863 kWh | £860 | £486 | £1,346 | £16,276 | 12.1 yrs | £10,651 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,009, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 12.2 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2026 kWh | 1216 kWh | 810 kWh | £323 | £81 | £404 | £6,169 | 15.3 yrs | £1,903 |
| 3 kW | 3039 kWh | 1824 kWh | 1216 kWh | £484 | £122 | £605 | £8,204 | 13.6 yrs | £3,904 |
| 4 kW | 4052 kWh | 2431 kWh | 1621 kWh | £645 | £162 | £807 | £10,238 | 12.7 yrs | £5,905 |
| 5 kW | 5066 kWh | 3039 kWh | 2026 kWh | £806 | £203 | £1,009 | £12,273 | 12.2 yrs | £7,906 |
| 6 kW | 6079 kWh | 3647 kWh | 2431 kWh | £968 | £243 | £1,211 | £14,307 | 11.8 yrs | £9,908 |
| 7 kW | 7092 kWh | 4255 kWh | 2837 kWh | £1,129 | £284 | £1,413 | £16,342 | 11.6 yrs | £11,909 |
| 8 kW | 8105 kWh | 4863 kWh | 3242 kWh | £1,290 | £324 | £1,614 | £18,376 | 11.4 yrs | £13,910 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,093, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 12.5 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2026 kWh | 1418 kWh | 608 kWh | £376 | £61 | £437 | £7,569 | 17.3 yrs | £1,172 |
| 3 kW | 3039 kWh | 2128 kWh | 912 kWh | £564 | £91 | £656 | £9,604 | 14.6 yrs | £3,509 |
| 4 kW | 4052 kWh | 2837 kWh | 1216 kWh | £753 | £122 | £874 | £11,638 | 13.3 yrs | £5,845 |
| 5 kW | 5066 kWh | 3546 kWh | 1520 kWh | £941 | £152 | £1,093 | £13,673 | 12.5 yrs | £8,181 |
| 6 kW | 6079 kWh | 4255 kWh | 1824 kWh | £1,129 | £182 | £1,311 | £15,707 | 12.0 yrs | £10,517 |
| 7 kW | 7092 kWh | 4964 kWh | 2128 kWh | £1,317 | £213 | £1,530 | £17,742 | 11.6 yrs | £12,853 |
| 8 kW | 8105 kWh | 5673 kWh | 2431 kWh | £1,505 | £243 | £1,748 | £19,776 | 11.3 yrs | £15,190 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,118, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 13.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2026 kWh | 1479 kWh | 547 kWh | £392 | £55 | £447 | £9,319 | 20.8 yrs | £-377 |
| 3 kW | 3039 kWh | 2219 kWh | 821 kWh | £589 | £82 | £671 | £11,354 | 16.9 yrs | £2,060 |
| 4 kW | 4052 kWh | 2958 kWh | 1094 kWh | £785 | £109 | £894 | £13,388 | 15.0 yrs | £4,497 |
| 5 kW | 5066 kWh | 3698 kWh | 1368 kWh | £981 | £137 | £1,118 | £15,423 | 13.8 yrs | £6,933 |
| 6 kW | 6079 kWh | 4437 kWh | 1641 kWh | £1,177 | £164 | £1,341 | £17,457 | 13.0 yrs | £9,370 |
| 7 kW | 7092 kWh | 5177 kWh | 1915 kWh | £1,373 | £191 | £1,565 | £19,492 | 12.5 yrs | £11,807 |
| 8 kW | 8105 kWh | 5917 kWh | 2188 kWh | £1,570 | £219 | £1,788 | £21,526 | 12.0 yrs | £14,243 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,135, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 15.1 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2026 kWh | 1520 kWh | 507 kWh | £403 | £51 | £454 | £11,069 | 24.4 yrs | £-1,993 |
| 3 kW | 3039 kWh | 2279 kWh | 760 kWh | £605 | £76 | £681 | £13,104 | 19.2 yrs | £511 |
| 4 kW | 4052 kWh | 3039 kWh | 1013 kWh | £806 | £101 | £908 | £15,138 | 16.7 yrs | £3,015 |
| 5 kW | 5066 kWh | 3799 kWh | 1266 kWh | £1,008 | £127 | £1,135 | £17,173 | 15.1 yrs | £5,518 |
| 6 kW | 6079 kWh | 4559 kWh | 1520 kWh | £1,209 | £152 | £1,361 | £19,207 | 14.1 yrs | £8,022 |
| 7 kW | 7092 kWh | 5319 kWh | 1773 kWh | £1,411 | £177 | £1,588 | £21,242 | 13.4 yrs | £10,526 |
| 8 kW | 8105 kWh | 6079 kWh | 2026 kWh | £1,613 | £203 | £1,815 | £23,276 | 12.8 yrs | £13,029 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,151, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 17.0 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2026 kWh | 1560 kWh | 466 kWh | £414 | £47 | £461 | £13,519 | 29.4 yrs | £-4,309 |
| 3 kW | 3039 kWh | 2340 kWh | 699 kWh | £621 | £70 | £691 | £15,554 | 22.5 yrs | £-1,738 |
| 4 kW | 4052 kWh | 3120 kWh | 932 kWh | £828 | £93 | £921 | £17,588 | 19.1 yrs | £833 |
| 5 kW | 5066 kWh | 3900 kWh | 1165 kWh | £1,035 | £117 | £1,151 | £19,623 | 17.0 yrs | £3,403 |
| 6 kW | 6079 kWh | 4681 kWh | 1398 kWh | £1,242 | £140 | £1,382 | £21,657 | 15.7 yrs | £5,974 |
| 7 kW | 7092 kWh | 5461 kWh | 1631 kWh | £1,449 | £163 | £1,612 | £23,692 | 14.7 yrs | £8,545 |
| 8 kW | 8105 kWh | 6241 kWh | 1864 kWh | £1,656 | £186 | £1,842 | £25,726 | 14.0 yrs | £11,115 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.