A typical roof here lands around 6.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 803 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 27.1p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £677, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 15.0 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1607 kWh | 643 kWh | 964 kWh | £174 | £96 | £271 | £4,069 | 15.0 yrs | £1,344 |
| 3 kW | 2410 kWh | 964 kWh | 1446 kWh | £261 | £145 | £406 | £6,104 | 15.0 yrs | £2,015 |
| 4 kW | 3213 kWh | 1285 kWh | 1928 kWh | £348 | £193 | £541 | £8,138 | 15.0 yrs | £2,687 |
| 5 kW | 4017 kWh | 1607 kWh | 2410 kWh | £436 | £241 | £677 | £10,173 | 15.0 yrs | £3,359 |
| 6 kW | 4820 kWh | 1928 kWh | 2892 kWh | £523 | £289 | £812 | £12,207 | 15.0 yrs | £4,031 |
| 7 kW | 5623 kWh | 2249 kWh | 3374 kWh | £610 | £337 | £947 | £14,242 | 15.0 yrs | £4,702 |
| 8 kW | 6427 kWh | 2571 kWh | 3856 kWh | £697 | £386 | £1,083 | £16,276 | 15.0 yrs | £5,374 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £814, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 15.1 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1607 kWh | 964 kWh | 643 kWh | £261 | £64 | £326 | £6,169 | 18.9 yrs | £343 |
| 3 kW | 2410 kWh | 1446 kWh | 964 kWh | £392 | £96 | £488 | £8,204 | 16.8 yrs | £1,565 |
| 4 kW | 3213 kWh | 1928 kWh | 1285 kWh | £523 | £129 | £651 | £10,238 | 15.7 yrs | £2,786 |
| 5 kW | 4017 kWh | 2410 kWh | 1607 kWh | £653 | £161 | £814 | £12,273 | 15.1 yrs | £4,008 |
| 6 kW | 4820 kWh | 2892 kWh | 1928 kWh | £784 | £193 | £977 | £14,307 | 14.6 yrs | £5,230 |
| 7 kW | 5623 kWh | 3374 kWh | 2249 kWh | £915 | £225 | £1,140 | £16,342 | 14.3 yrs | £6,451 |
| 8 kW | 6427 kWh | 3856 kWh | 2571 kWh | £1,045 | £257 | £1,302 | £18,376 | 14.1 yrs | £7,673 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £883, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 15.5 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1607 kWh | 1125 kWh | 482 kWh | £305 | £48 | £353 | £7,569 | 21.4 yrs | £-507 |
| 3 kW | 2410 kWh | 1687 kWh | 723 kWh | £457 | £72 | £530 | £9,604 | 18.1 yrs | £989 |
| 4 kW | 3213 kWh | 2249 kWh | 964 kWh | £610 | £96 | £706 | £11,638 | 16.5 yrs | £2,486 |
| 5 kW | 4017 kWh | 2812 kWh | 1205 kWh | £762 | £121 | £883 | £13,673 | 15.5 yrs | £3,982 |
| 6 kW | 4820 kWh | 3374 kWh | 1446 kWh | £915 | £145 | £1,059 | £15,707 | 14.8 yrs | £5,479 |
| 7 kW | 5623 kWh | 3936 kWh | 1687 kWh | £1,067 | £169 | £1,236 | £17,742 | 14.4 yrs | £6,975 |
| 8 kW | 6427 kWh | 4499 kWh | 1928 kWh | £1,220 | £193 | £1,412 | £19,776 | 14.0 yrs | £8,472 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £903, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 17.1 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1607 kWh | 1173 kWh | 434 kWh | £318 | £43 | £361 | £9,319 | 25.8 yrs | £-2,092 |
| 3 kW | 2410 kWh | 1759 kWh | 651 kWh | £477 | £65 | £542 | £11,354 | 20.9 yrs | £-513 |
| 4 kW | 3213 kWh | 2346 kWh | 868 kWh | £636 | £87 | £723 | £13,388 | 18.5 yrs | £1,066 |
| 5 kW | 4017 kWh | 2932 kWh | 1085 kWh | £795 | £108 | £903 | £15,423 | 17.1 yrs | £2,645 |
| 6 kW | 4820 kWh | 3519 kWh | 1301 kWh | £954 | £130 | £1,084 | £17,457 | 16.1 yrs | £4,224 |
| 7 kW | 5623 kWh | 4105 kWh | 1518 kWh | £1,113 | £152 | £1,265 | £19,492 | 15.4 yrs | £5,803 |
| 8 kW | 6427 kWh | 4692 kWh | 1735 kWh | £1,272 | £174 | £1,445 | £21,526 | 14.9 yrs | £7,382 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £917, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 18.7 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1607 kWh | 1205 kWh | 402 kWh | £327 | £40 | £367 | £11,069 | 30.2 yrs | £-3,732 |
| 3 kW | 2410 kWh | 1808 kWh | 603 kWh | £490 | £60 | £550 | £13,104 | 23.8 yrs | £-2,098 |
| 4 kW | 3213 kWh | 2410 kWh | 803 kWh | £653 | £80 | £734 | £15,138 | 20.6 yrs | £-464 |
| 5 kW | 4017 kWh | 3013 kWh | 1004 kWh | £817 | £100 | £917 | £17,173 | 18.7 yrs | £1,170 |
| 6 kW | 4820 kWh | 3615 kWh | 1205 kWh | £980 | £121 | £1,101 | £19,207 | 17.5 yrs | £2,804 |
| 7 kW | 5623 kWh | 4218 kWh | 1406 kWh | £1,143 | £141 | £1,284 | £21,242 | 16.5 yrs | £4,438 |
| 8 kW | 6427 kWh | 4820 kWh | 1607 kWh | £1,307 | £161 | £1,467 | £23,276 | 15.9 yrs | £6,072 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £931, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 21.1 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1607 kWh | 1237 kWh | 370 kWh | £335 | £37 | £372 | £13,519 | 36.3 yrs | £-6,072 |
| 3 kW | 2410 kWh | 1856 kWh | 554 kWh | £503 | £55 | £559 | £15,554 | 27.8 yrs | £-4,383 |
| 4 kW | 3213 kWh | 2474 kWh | 739 kWh | £671 | £74 | £745 | £17,588 | 23.6 yrs | £-2,694 |
| 5 kW | 4017 kWh | 3093 kWh | 924 kWh | £838 | £92 | £931 | £19,623 | 21.1 yrs | £-1,005 |
| 6 kW | 4820 kWh | 3711 kWh | 1109 kWh | £1,006 | £111 | £1,117 | £21,657 | 19.4 yrs | £684 |
| 7 kW | 5623 kWh | 4330 kWh | 1293 kWh | £1,174 | £129 | £1,303 | £23,692 | 18.2 yrs | £2,372 |
| 8 kW | 6427 kWh | 4949 kWh | 1478 kWh | £1,342 | £148 | £1,489 | £25,726 | 17.3 yrs | £4,061 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.