A typical roof here lands around 6.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 786 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 27.1p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £662, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 15.4 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1572 kWh | 629 kWh | 943 kWh | £170 | £94 | £265 | £4,069 | 15.4 yrs | £1,226 |
| 3 kW | 2358 kWh | 943 kWh | 1415 kWh | £256 | £141 | £397 | £6,104 | 15.4 yrs | £1,839 |
| 4 kW | 3144 kWh | 1257 kWh | 1886 kWh | £341 | £189 | £530 | £8,138 | 15.4 yrs | £2,452 |
| 5 kW | 3930 kWh | 1572 kWh | 2358 kWh | £426 | £236 | £662 | £10,173 | 15.4 yrs | £3,065 |
| 6 kW | 4716 kWh | 1886 kWh | 2829 kWh | £511 | £283 | £794 | £12,207 | 15.4 yrs | £3,679 |
| 7 kW | 5501 kWh | 2201 kWh | 3301 kWh | £597 | £330 | £927 | £14,242 | 15.4 yrs | £4,292 |
| 8 kW | 6287 kWh | 2515 kWh | 3772 kWh | £682 | £377 | £1,059 | £16,276 | 15.4 yrs | £4,905 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £796, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 15.4 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1572 kWh | 943 kWh | 629 kWh | £256 | £63 | £319 | £6,169 | 19.4 yrs | £202 |
| 3 kW | 2358 kWh | 1415 kWh | 943 kWh | £384 | £94 | £478 | £8,204 | 17.2 yrs | £1,353 |
| 4 kW | 3144 kWh | 1886 kWh | 1257 kWh | £511 | £126 | £637 | £10,238 | 16.1 yrs | £2,504 |
| 5 kW | 3930 kWh | 2358 kWh | 1572 kWh | £639 | £157 | £796 | £12,273 | 15.4 yrs | £3,655 |
| 6 kW | 4716 kWh | 2829 kWh | 1886 kWh | £767 | £189 | £956 | £14,307 | 15.0 yrs | £4,806 |
| 7 kW | 5501 kWh | 3301 kWh | 2201 kWh | £895 | £220 | £1,115 | £16,342 | 14.7 yrs | £5,957 |
| 8 kW | 6287 kWh | 3772 kWh | 2515 kWh | £1,023 | £251 | £1,274 | £18,376 | 14.4 yrs | £7,108 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £864, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 15.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1572 kWh | 1100 kWh | 472 kWh | £298 | £47 | £345 | £7,569 | 21.9 yrs | £-660 |
| 3 kW | 2358 kWh | 1650 kWh | 707 kWh | £447 | £71 | £518 | £9,604 | 18.5 yrs | £760 |
| 4 kW | 3144 kWh | 2201 kWh | 943 kWh | £597 | £94 | £691 | £11,638 | 16.8 yrs | £2,180 |
| 5 kW | 3930 kWh | 2751 kWh | 1179 kWh | £746 | £118 | £864 | £13,673 | 15.8 yrs | £3,600 |
| 6 kW | 4716 kWh | 3301 kWh | 1415 kWh | £895 | £141 | £1,036 | £15,707 | 15.2 yrs | £5,020 |
| 7 kW | 5501 kWh | 3851 kWh | 1650 kWh | £1,044 | £165 | £1,209 | £17,742 | 14.7 yrs | £6,439 |
| 8 kW | 6287 kWh | 4401 kWh | 1886 kWh | £1,193 | £189 | £1,382 | £19,776 | 14.3 yrs | £7,859 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £884, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 17.5 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1572 kWh | 1147 kWh | 424 kWh | £311 | £42 | £354 | £9,319 | 26.4 yrs | £-2,249 |
| 3 kW | 2358 kWh | 1721 kWh | 637 kWh | £467 | £64 | £530 | £11,354 | 21.4 yrs | £-748 |
| 4 kW | 3144 kWh | 2295 kWh | 849 kWh | £622 | £85 | £707 | £13,388 | 18.9 yrs | £752 |
| 5 kW | 3930 kWh | 2869 kWh | 1061 kWh | £778 | £106 | £884 | £15,423 | 17.5 yrs | £2,253 |
| 6 kW | 4716 kWh | 3442 kWh | 1273 kWh | £933 | £127 | £1,061 | £17,457 | 16.5 yrs | £3,754 |
| 7 kW | 5501 kWh | 4016 kWh | 1485 kWh | £1,089 | £149 | £1,237 | £19,492 | 15.8 yrs | £5,254 |
| 8 kW | 6287 kWh | 4590 kWh | 1698 kWh | £1,244 | £170 | £1,414 | £21,526 | 15.2 yrs | £6,755 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £897, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 19.1 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1572 kWh | 1179 kWh | 393 kWh | £320 | £39 | £359 | £11,069 | 30.8 yrs | £-3,891 |
| 3 kW | 2358 kWh | 1768 kWh | 589 kWh | £479 | £59 | £538 | £13,104 | 24.3 yrs | £-2,337 |
| 4 kW | 3144 kWh | 2358 kWh | 786 kWh | £639 | £79 | £718 | £15,138 | 21.1 yrs | £-782 |
| 5 kW | 3930 kWh | 2947 kWh | 982 kWh | £799 | £98 | £897 | £17,173 | 19.1 yrs | £772 |
| 6 kW | 4716 kWh | 3537 kWh | 1179 kWh | £959 | £118 | £1,077 | £19,207 | 17.8 yrs | £2,326 |
| 7 kW | 5501 kWh | 4126 kWh | 1375 kWh | £1,119 | £138 | £1,256 | £21,242 | 16.9 yrs | £3,881 |
| 8 kW | 6287 kWh | 4716 kWh | 1572 kWh | £1,278 | £157 | £1,436 | £23,276 | 16.2 yrs | £5,435 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £911, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 21.5 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1572 kWh | 1210 kWh | 362 kWh | £328 | £36 | £364 | £13,519 | 37.1 yrs | £-6,234 |
| 3 kW | 2358 kWh | 1815 kWh | 542 kWh | £492 | £54 | £546 | £15,554 | 28.5 yrs | £-4,625 |
| 4 kW | 3144 kWh | 2421 kWh | 723 kWh | £656 | £72 | £729 | £17,588 | 24.1 yrs | £-3,017 |
| 5 kW | 3930 kWh | 3026 kWh | 904 kWh | £820 | £90 | £911 | £19,623 | 21.5 yrs | £-1,409 |
| 6 kW | 4716 kWh | 3631 kWh | 1085 kWh | £984 | £108 | £1,093 | £21,657 | 19.8 yrs | £199 |
| 7 kW | 5501 kWh | 4236 kWh | 1265 kWh | £1,148 | £127 | £1,275 | £23,692 | 18.6 yrs | £1,807 |
| 8 kW | 6287 kWh | 4841 kWh | 1446 kWh | £1,312 | £145 | £1,457 | £25,726 | 17.7 yrs | £3,415 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.