A typical roof here lands around 6.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 868 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 27.1p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £731, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 13.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1736 kWh | 694 kWh | 1042 kWh | £188 | £104 | £292 | £4,069 | 13.9 yrs | £1,779 |
| 3 kW | 2604 kWh | 1042 kWh | 1562 kWh | £282 | £156 | £439 | £6,104 | 13.9 yrs | £2,669 |
| 4 kW | 3472 kWh | 1389 kWh | 2083 kWh | £377 | £208 | £585 | £8,138 | 13.9 yrs | £3,559 |
| 5 kW | 4340 kWh | 1736 kWh | 2604 kWh | £471 | £260 | £731 | £10,173 | 13.9 yrs | £4,448 |
| 6 kW | 5208 kWh | 2083 kWh | 3125 kWh | £565 | £312 | £877 | £12,207 | 13.9 yrs | £5,338 |
| 7 kW | 6076 kWh | 2430 kWh | 3646 kWh | £659 | £365 | £1,023 | £14,242 | 13.9 yrs | £6,228 |
| 8 kW | 6944 kWh | 2778 kWh | 4166 kWh | £753 | £417 | £1,170 | £16,276 | 13.9 yrs | £7,117 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £880, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 14.0 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1736 kWh | 1042 kWh | 694 kWh | £282 | £69 | £352 | £6,169 | 17.5 yrs | £867 |
| 3 kW | 2604 kWh | 1562 kWh | 1042 kWh | £424 | £104 | £528 | £8,204 | 15.5 yrs | £2,351 |
| 4 kW | 3472 kWh | 2083 kWh | 1389 kWh | £565 | £139 | £704 | £10,238 | 14.5 yrs | £3,835 |
| 5 kW | 4340 kWh | 2604 kWh | 1736 kWh | £706 | £174 | £880 | £12,273 | 14.0 yrs | £5,319 |
| 6 kW | 5208 kWh | 3125 kWh | 2083 kWh | £847 | £208 | £1,055 | £14,307 | 13.6 yrs | £6,802 |
| 7 kW | 6076 kWh | 3646 kWh | 2430 kWh | £988 | £243 | £1,231 | £16,342 | 13.3 yrs | £8,286 |
| 8 kW | 6944 kWh | 4166 kWh | 2778 kWh | £1,130 | £278 | £1,407 | £18,376 | 13.1 yrs | £9,770 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £954, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 14.3 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1736 kWh | 1215 kWh | 521 kWh | £329 | £52 | £382 | £7,569 | 19.8 yrs | £62 |
| 3 kW | 2604 kWh | 1823 kWh | 781 kWh | £494 | £78 | £572 | £9,604 | 16.8 yrs | £1,842 |
| 4 kW | 3472 kWh | 2430 kWh | 1042 kWh | £659 | £104 | £763 | £11,638 | 15.3 yrs | £3,623 |
| 5 kW | 4340 kWh | 3038 kWh | 1302 kWh | £824 | £130 | £954 | £13,673 | 14.3 yrs | £5,404 |
| 6 kW | 5208 kWh | 3646 kWh | 1562 kWh | £988 | £156 | £1,145 | £15,707 | 13.7 yrs | £7,185 |
| 7 kW | 6076 kWh | 4253 kWh | 1823 kWh | £1,153 | £182 | £1,335 | £17,742 | 13.3 yrs | £8,965 |
| 8 kW | 6944 kWh | 4861 kWh | 2083 kWh | £1,318 | £208 | £1,526 | £19,776 | 13.0 yrs | £10,746 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £976, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 15.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1736 kWh | 1267 kWh | 469 kWh | £344 | £47 | £390 | £9,319 | 23.9 yrs | £-1,510 |
| 3 kW | 2604 kWh | 1901 kWh | 703 kWh | £515 | £70 | £586 | £11,354 | 19.4 yrs | £360 |
| 4 kW | 3472 kWh | 2535 kWh | 937 kWh | £687 | £94 | £781 | £13,388 | 17.1 yrs | £2,230 |
| 5 kW | 4340 kWh | 3168 kWh | 1172 kWh | £859 | £117 | £976 | £15,423 | 15.8 yrs | £4,099 |
| 6 kW | 5208 kWh | 3802 kWh | 1406 kWh | £1,031 | £141 | £1,171 | £17,457 | 14.9 yrs | £5,969 |
| 7 kW | 6076 kWh | 4436 kWh | 1641 kWh | £1,202 | £164 | £1,367 | £19,492 | 14.3 yrs | £7,839 |
| 8 kW | 6944 kWh | 5069 kWh | 1875 kWh | £1,374 | £187 | £1,562 | £21,526 | 13.8 yrs | £9,709 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £991, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 17.3 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1736 kWh | 1302 kWh | 434 kWh | £353 | £43 | £396 | £11,069 | 27.9 yrs | £-3,141 |
| 3 kW | 2604 kWh | 1953 kWh | 651 kWh | £529 | £65 | £595 | £13,104 | 22.0 yrs | £-1,212 |
| 4 kW | 3472 kWh | 2604 kWh | 868 kWh | £706 | £87 | £793 | £15,138 | 19.1 yrs | £717 |
| 5 kW | 4340 kWh | 3255 kWh | 1085 kWh | £882 | £109 | £991 | £17,173 | 17.3 yrs | £2,647 |
| 6 kW | 5208 kWh | 3906 kWh | 1302 kWh | £1,059 | £130 | £1,189 | £19,207 | 16.2 yrs | £4,576 |
| 7 kW | 6076 kWh | 4557 kWh | 1519 kWh | £1,235 | £152 | £1,387 | £21,242 | 15.3 yrs | £6,505 |
| 8 kW | 6944 kWh | 5208 kWh | 1736 kWh | £1,412 | £174 | £1,586 | £23,276 | 14.7 yrs | £8,434 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,006, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 19.5 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1736 kWh | 1337 kWh | 399 kWh | £362 | £40 | £402 | £13,519 | 33.6 yrs | £-5,473 |
| 3 kW | 2604 kWh | 2005 kWh | 599 kWh | £544 | £60 | £603 | £15,554 | 25.8 yrs | £-3,484 |
| 4 kW | 3472 kWh | 2674 kWh | 799 kWh | £725 | £80 | £805 | £17,588 | 21.9 yrs | £-1,495 |
| 5 kW | 4340 kWh | 3342 kWh | 998 kWh | £906 | £100 | £1,006 | £19,623 | 19.5 yrs | £494 |
| 6 kW | 5208 kWh | 4010 kWh | 1198 kWh | £1,087 | £120 | £1,207 | £21,657 | 17.9 yrs | £2,482 |
| 7 kW | 6076 kWh | 4679 kWh | 1398 kWh | £1,268 | £140 | £1,408 | £23,692 | 16.8 yrs | £4,471 |
| 8 kW | 6944 kWh | 5347 kWh | 1597 kWh | £1,450 | £160 | £1,609 | £25,726 | 16.0 yrs | £6,460 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.