A typical roof here lands around 6.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 865 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 27.1p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £729, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 14.0 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1730 kWh | 692 kWh | 1038 kWh | £188 | £104 | £291 | £4,069 | 14.0 yrs | £1,760 |
| 3 kW | 2596 kWh | 1038 kWh | 1557 kWh | £281 | £156 | £437 | £6,104 | 14.0 yrs | £2,640 |
| 4 kW | 3461 kWh | 1384 kWh | 2076 kWh | £375 | £208 | £583 | £8,138 | 14.0 yrs | £3,520 |
| 5 kW | 4326 kWh | 1730 kWh | 2596 kWh | £469 | £260 | £729 | £10,173 | 14.0 yrs | £4,401 |
| 6 kW | 5191 kWh | 2076 kWh | 3115 kWh | £563 | £311 | £874 | £12,207 | 14.0 yrs | £5,281 |
| 7 kW | 6056 kWh | 2423 kWh | 3634 kWh | £657 | £363 | £1,020 | £14,242 | 14.0 yrs | £6,161 |
| 8 kW | 6921 kWh | 2769 kWh | 4153 kWh | £751 | £415 | £1,166 | £16,276 | 14.0 yrs | £7,041 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £877, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 14.0 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1730 kWh | 1038 kWh | 692 kWh | £281 | £69 | £351 | £6,169 | 17.6 yrs | £844 |
| 3 kW | 2596 kWh | 1557 kWh | 1038 kWh | £422 | £104 | £526 | £8,204 | 15.6 yrs | £2,317 |
| 4 kW | 3461 kWh | 2076 kWh | 1384 kWh | £563 | £138 | £701 | £10,238 | 14.6 yrs | £3,789 |
| 5 kW | 4326 kWh | 2596 kWh | 1730 kWh | £704 | £173 | £877 | £12,273 | 14.0 yrs | £5,261 |
| 6 kW | 5191 kWh | 3115 kWh | 2076 kWh | £844 | £208 | £1,052 | £14,307 | 13.6 yrs | £6,733 |
| 7 kW | 6056 kWh | 3634 kWh | 2423 kWh | £985 | £242 | £1,227 | £16,342 | 13.3 yrs | £8,206 |
| 8 kW | 6921 kWh | 4153 kWh | 2769 kWh | £1,126 | £277 | £1,403 | £18,376 | 13.1 yrs | £9,678 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £951, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 14.4 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1730 kWh | 1211 kWh | 519 kWh | £328 | £52 | £380 | £7,569 | 19.9 yrs | £37 |
| 3 kW | 2596 kWh | 1817 kWh | 779 kWh | £493 | £78 | £570 | £9,604 | 16.8 yrs | £1,805 |
| 4 kW | 3461 kWh | 2423 kWh | 1038 kWh | £657 | £104 | £761 | £11,638 | 15.3 yrs | £3,573 |
| 5 kW | 4326 kWh | 3028 kWh | 1298 kWh | £821 | £130 | £951 | £13,673 | 14.4 yrs | £5,342 |
| 6 kW | 5191 kWh | 3634 kWh | 1557 kWh | £985 | £156 | £1,141 | £15,707 | 13.8 yrs | £7,110 |
| 7 kW | 6056 kWh | 4239 kWh | 1817 kWh | £1,149 | £182 | £1,331 | £17,742 | 13.3 yrs | £8,878 |
| 8 kW | 6921 kWh | 4845 kWh | 2076 kWh | £1,313 | £208 | £1,521 | £19,776 | 13.0 yrs | £10,646 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £973, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 15.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1730 kWh | 1263 kWh | 467 kWh | £342 | £47 | £389 | £9,319 | 23.9 yrs | £-1,536 |
| 3 kW | 2596 kWh | 1895 kWh | 701 kWh | £514 | £70 | £584 | £11,354 | 19.4 yrs | £321 |
| 4 kW | 3461 kWh | 2526 kWh | 934 kWh | £685 | £93 | £778 | £13,388 | 17.2 yrs | £2,178 |
| 5 kW | 4326 kWh | 3158 kWh | 1168 kWh | £856 | £117 | £973 | £15,423 | 15.9 yrs | £4,036 |
| 6 kW | 5191 kWh | 3789 kWh | 1402 kWh | £1,027 | £140 | £1,167 | £17,457 | 15.0 yrs | £5,893 |
| 7 kW | 6056 kWh | 4421 kWh | 1635 kWh | £1,199 | £164 | £1,362 | £19,492 | 14.3 yrs | £7,750 |
| 8 kW | 6921 kWh | 5053 kWh | 1869 kWh | £1,370 | £187 | £1,557 | £21,526 | 13.8 yrs | £9,607 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £988, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 17.4 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1730 kWh | 1298 kWh | 433 kWh | £352 | £43 | £395 | £11,069 | 28.0 yrs | £-3,167 |
| 3 kW | 2596 kWh | 1947 kWh | 649 kWh | £528 | £65 | £593 | £13,104 | 22.1 yrs | £-1,251 |
| 4 kW | 3461 kWh | 2596 kWh | 865 kWh | £704 | £87 | £790 | £15,138 | 19.2 yrs | £665 |
| 5 kW | 4326 kWh | 3244 kWh | 1081 kWh | £880 | £108 | £988 | £17,173 | 17.4 yrs | £2,582 |
| 6 kW | 5191 kWh | 3893 kWh | 1298 kWh | £1,055 | £130 | £1,185 | £19,207 | 16.2 yrs | £4,498 |
| 7 kW | 6056 kWh | 4542 kWh | 1514 kWh | £1,231 | £151 | £1,383 | £21,242 | 15.4 yrs | £6,414 |
| 8 kW | 6921 kWh | 5191 kWh | 1730 kWh | £1,407 | £173 | £1,580 | £23,276 | 14.7 yrs | £8,331 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,003, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 19.6 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1730 kWh | 1332 kWh | 398 kWh | £361 | £40 | £401 | £13,519 | 33.7 yrs | £-5,499 |
| 3 kW | 2596 kWh | 1999 kWh | 597 kWh | £542 | £60 | £602 | £15,554 | 25.9 yrs | £-3,523 |
| 4 kW | 3461 kWh | 2665 kWh | 796 kWh | £722 | £80 | £802 | £17,588 | 21.9 yrs | £-1,548 |
| 5 kW | 4326 kWh | 3331 kWh | 995 kWh | £903 | £99 | £1,003 | £19,623 | 19.6 yrs | £428 |
| 6 kW | 5191 kWh | 3997 kWh | 1194 kWh | £1,084 | £119 | £1,203 | £21,657 | 18.0 yrs | £2,403 |
| 7 kW | 6056 kWh | 4663 kWh | 1393 kWh | £1,264 | £139 | £1,404 | £23,692 | 16.9 yrs | £4,379 |
| 8 kW | 6921 kWh | 5330 kWh | 1592 kWh | £1,445 | £159 | £1,604 | £25,726 | 16.0 yrs | £6,354 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.