A typical roof here lands around 5.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 989 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 26.8p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £828, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 12.3 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1979 kWh | 792 kWh | 1187 kWh | £212 | £119 | £331 | £4,069 | 12.3 yrs | £2,552 |
| 3 kW | 2968 kWh | 1187 kWh | 1781 kWh | £318 | £178 | £497 | £6,104 | 12.3 yrs | £3,828 |
| 4 kW | 3958 kWh | 1583 kWh | 2375 kWh | £425 | £237 | £662 | £8,138 | 12.3 yrs | £5,103 |
| 5 kW | 4947 kWh | 1979 kWh | 2968 kWh | £531 | £297 | £828 | £10,173 | 12.3 yrs | £6,379 |
| 6 kW | 5937 kWh | 2375 kWh | 3562 kWh | £637 | £356 | £993 | £12,207 | 12.3 yrs | £7,655 |
| 7 kW | 6926 kWh | 2771 kWh | 4156 kWh | £743 | £416 | £1,159 | £14,242 | 12.3 yrs | £8,931 |
| 8 kW | 7916 kWh | 3166 kWh | 4749 kWh | £849 | £475 | £1,324 | £16,276 | 12.3 yrs | £10,207 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £994, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 12.3 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1979 kWh | 1187 kWh | 792 kWh | £318 | £79 | £398 | £6,169 | 15.5 yrs | £1,783 |
| 3 kW | 2968 kWh | 1781 kWh | 1187 kWh | £478 | £119 | £596 | £8,204 | 13.8 yrs | £3,725 |
| 4 kW | 3958 kWh | 2375 kWh | 1583 kWh | £637 | £158 | £795 | £10,238 | 12.9 yrs | £5,666 |
| 5 kW | 4947 kWh | 2968 kWh | 1979 kWh | £796 | £198 | £994 | £12,273 | 12.3 yrs | £7,608 |
| 6 kW | 5937 kWh | 3562 kWh | 2375 kWh | £955 | £237 | £1,193 | £14,307 | 12.0 yrs | £9,549 |
| 7 kW | 6926 kWh | 4156 kWh | 2771 kWh | £1,115 | £277 | £1,392 | £16,342 | 11.7 yrs | £11,491 |
| 8 kW | 7916 kWh | 4749 kWh | 3166 kWh | £1,274 | £317 | £1,590 | £18,376 | 11.6 yrs | £13,433 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,077, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 12.7 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1979 kWh | 1385 kWh | 594 kWh | £372 | £59 | £431 | £7,569 | 17.6 yrs | £1,049 |
| 3 kW | 2968 kWh | 2078 kWh | 891 kWh | £557 | £89 | £646 | £9,604 | 14.9 yrs | £3,323 |
| 4 kW | 3958 kWh | 2771 kWh | 1187 kWh | £743 | £119 | £862 | £11,638 | 13.5 yrs | £5,598 |
| 5 kW | 4947 kWh | 3463 kWh | 1484 kWh | £929 | £148 | £1,077 | £13,673 | 12.7 yrs | £7,872 |
| 6 kW | 5937 kWh | 4156 kWh | 1781 kWh | £1,115 | £178 | £1,293 | £15,707 | 12.2 yrs | £10,147 |
| 7 kW | 6926 kWh | 4848 kWh | 2078 kWh | £1,300 | £208 | £1,508 | £17,742 | 11.8 yrs | £12,421 |
| 8 kW | 7916 kWh | 5541 kWh | 2375 kWh | £1,486 | £237 | £1,724 | £19,776 | 11.5 yrs | £14,695 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,102, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 14.0 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1979 kWh | 1445 kWh | 534 kWh | £387 | £53 | £441 | £9,319 | 21.1 yrs | £-501 |
| 3 kW | 2968 kWh | 2167 kWh | 801 kWh | £581 | £80 | £661 | £11,354 | 17.2 yrs | £1,873 |
| 4 kW | 3958 kWh | 2889 kWh | 1069 kWh | £775 | £107 | £882 | £13,388 | 15.2 yrs | £4,247 |
| 5 kW | 4947 kWh | 3612 kWh | 1336 kWh | £969 | £134 | £1,102 | £15,423 | 14.0 yrs | £6,621 |
| 6 kW | 5937 kWh | 4334 kWh | 1603 kWh | £1,162 | £160 | £1,323 | £17,457 | 13.2 yrs | £8,996 |
| 7 kW | 6926 kWh | 5056 kWh | 1870 kWh | £1,356 | £187 | £1,543 | £19,492 | 12.6 yrs | £11,370 |
| 8 kW | 7916 kWh | 5779 kWh | 2137 kWh | £1,550 | £214 | £1,764 | £21,526 | 12.2 yrs | £13,744 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,119, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 15.3 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1979 kWh | 1484 kWh | 495 kWh | £398 | £49 | £448 | £11,069 | 24.7 yrs | £-2,118 |
| 3 kW | 2968 kWh | 2226 kWh | 742 kWh | £597 | £74 | £671 | £13,104 | 19.5 yrs | £323 |
| 4 kW | 3958 kWh | 2968 kWh | 989 kWh | £796 | £99 | £895 | £15,138 | 16.9 yrs | £2,763 |
| 5 kW | 4947 kWh | 3711 kWh | 1237 kWh | £995 | £124 | £1,119 | £17,173 | 15.3 yrs | £5,204 |
| 6 kW | 5937 kWh | 4453 kWh | 1484 kWh | £1,194 | £148 | £1,343 | £19,207 | 14.3 yrs | £7,645 |
| 7 kW | 6926 kWh | 5195 kWh | 1732 kWh | £1,393 | £173 | £1,566 | £21,242 | 13.6 yrs | £10,086 |
| 8 kW | 7916 kWh | 5937 kWh | 1979 kWh | £1,592 | £198 | £1,790 | £23,276 | 13.0 yrs | £12,527 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,135, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 17.3 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1979 kWh | 1524 kWh | 455 kWh | £409 | £46 | £454 | £13,519 | 29.8 yrs | £-4,435 |
| 3 kW | 2968 kWh | 2286 kWh | 683 kWh | £613 | £68 | £681 | £15,554 | 22.8 yrs | £-1,928 |
| 4 kW | 3958 kWh | 3048 kWh | 910 kWh | £817 | £91 | £908 | £17,588 | 19.4 yrs | £580 |
| 5 kW | 4947 kWh | 3809 kWh | 1138 kWh | £1,022 | £114 | £1,135 | £19,623 | 17.3 yrs | £3,087 |
| 6 kW | 5937 kWh | 4571 kWh | 1365 kWh | £1,226 | £137 | £1,363 | £21,657 | 15.9 yrs | £5,595 |
| 7 kW | 6926 kWh | 5333 kWh | 1593 kWh | £1,430 | £159 | £1,590 | £23,692 | 14.9 yrs | £8,102 |
| 8 kW | 7916 kWh | 6095 kWh | 1821 kWh | £1,635 | £182 | £1,817 | £25,726 | 14.2 yrs | £10,609 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.