A typical roof here lands around 5.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 992 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 26.8p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £830, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 12.3 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1984 kWh | 794 kWh | 1191 kWh | £213 | £119 | £332 | £4,069 | 12.3 yrs | £2,570 |
| 3 kW | 2977 kWh | 1191 kWh | 1786 kWh | £319 | £179 | £498 | £6,104 | 12.3 yrs | £3,855 |
| 4 kW | 3969 kWh | 1588 kWh | 2381 kWh | £426 | £238 | £664 | £8,138 | 12.3 yrs | £5,140 |
| 5 kW | 4961 kWh | 1984 kWh | 2977 kWh | £532 | £298 | £830 | £10,173 | 12.3 yrs | £6,425 |
| 6 kW | 5953 kWh | 2381 kWh | 3572 kWh | £639 | £357 | £996 | £12,207 | 12.3 yrs | £7,710 |
| 7 kW | 6945 kWh | 2778 kWh | 4167 kWh | £745 | £417 | £1,162 | £14,242 | 12.3 yrs | £8,995 |
| 8 kW | 7938 kWh | 3175 kWh | 4763 kWh | £852 | £476 | £1,328 | £16,276 | 12.3 yrs | £10,280 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £997, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 12.3 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1984 kWh | 1191 kWh | 794 kWh | £319 | £79 | £399 | £6,169 | 15.5 yrs | £1,805 |
| 3 kW | 2977 kWh | 1786 kWh | 1191 kWh | £479 | £119 | £598 | £8,204 | 13.7 yrs | £3,758 |
| 4 kW | 3969 kWh | 2381 kWh | 1588 kWh | £639 | £159 | £797 | £10,238 | 12.8 yrs | £5,710 |
| 5 kW | 4961 kWh | 2977 kWh | 1984 kWh | £798 | £198 | £997 | £12,273 | 12.3 yrs | £7,663 |
| 6 kW | 5953 kWh | 3572 kWh | 2381 kWh | £958 | £238 | £1,196 | £14,307 | 12.0 yrs | £9,615 |
| 7 kW | 6945 kWh | 4167 kWh | 2778 kWh | £1,118 | £278 | £1,395 | £16,342 | 11.7 yrs | £11,568 |
| 8 kW | 7938 kWh | 4763 kWh | 3175 kWh | £1,277 | £318 | £1,595 | £18,376 | 11.5 yrs | £13,520 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,080, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 12.7 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1984 kWh | 1389 kWh | 595 kWh | £373 | £60 | £432 | £7,569 | 17.5 yrs | £1,073 |
| 3 kW | 2977 kWh | 2084 kWh | 893 kWh | £559 | £89 | £648 | £9,604 | 14.8 yrs | £3,359 |
| 4 kW | 3969 kWh | 2778 kWh | 1191 kWh | £745 | £119 | £864 | £11,638 | 13.5 yrs | £5,645 |
| 5 kW | 4961 kWh | 3473 kWh | 1488 kWh | £931 | £149 | £1,080 | £13,673 | 12.7 yrs | £7,932 |
| 6 kW | 5953 kWh | 4167 kWh | 1786 kWh | £1,118 | £179 | £1,296 | £15,707 | 12.1 yrs | £10,218 |
| 7 kW | 6945 kWh | 4862 kWh | 2084 kWh | £1,304 | £208 | £1,512 | £17,742 | 11.7 yrs | £12,504 |
| 8 kW | 7938 kWh | 5556 kWh | 2381 kWh | £1,490 | £238 | £1,728 | £19,776 | 11.4 yrs | £14,791 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,105, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 14.0 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1984 kWh | 1449 kWh | 536 kWh | £389 | £54 | £442 | £9,319 | 21.1 yrs | £-477 |
| 3 kW | 2977 kWh | 2173 kWh | 804 kWh | £583 | £80 | £663 | £11,354 | 17.1 yrs | £1,909 |
| 4 kW | 3969 kWh | 2897 kWh | 1072 kWh | £777 | £107 | £884 | £13,388 | 15.1 yrs | £4,296 |
| 5 kW | 4961 kWh | 3622 kWh | 1339 kWh | £971 | £134 | £1,105 | £15,423 | 14.0 yrs | £6,682 |
| 6 kW | 5953 kWh | 4346 kWh | 1607 kWh | £1,166 | £161 | £1,326 | £17,457 | 13.2 yrs | £9,069 |
| 7 kW | 6945 kWh | 5070 kWh | 1875 kWh | £1,360 | £188 | £1,547 | £19,492 | 12.6 yrs | £11,455 |
| 8 kW | 7938 kWh | 5794 kWh | 2143 kWh | £1,554 | £214 | £1,768 | £21,526 | 12.2 yrs | £13,842 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,122, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 15.3 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1984 kWh | 1488 kWh | 496 kWh | £399 | £50 | £449 | £11,069 | 24.7 yrs | £-2,094 |
| 3 kW | 2977 kWh | 2232 kWh | 744 kWh | £599 | £74 | £673 | £13,104 | 19.5 yrs | £360 |
| 4 kW | 3969 kWh | 2977 kWh | 992 kWh | £798 | £99 | £898 | £15,138 | 16.9 yrs | £2,813 |
| 5 kW | 4961 kWh | 3721 kWh | 1240 kWh | £998 | £124 | £1,122 | £17,173 | 15.3 yrs | £5,266 |
| 6 kW | 5953 kWh | 4465 kWh | 1488 kWh | £1,197 | £149 | £1,346 | £19,207 | 14.3 yrs | £7,719 |
| 7 kW | 6945 kWh | 5209 kWh | 1736 kWh | £1,397 | £174 | £1,571 | £21,242 | 13.5 yrs | £10,172 |
| 8 kW | 7938 kWh | 5953 kWh | 1984 kWh | £1,597 | £198 | £1,795 | £23,276 | 13.0 yrs | £12,626 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,139, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 17.2 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1984 kWh | 1528 kWh | 456 kWh | £410 | £46 | £455 | £13,519 | 29.7 yrs | £-4,410 |
| 3 kW | 2977 kWh | 2292 kWh | 685 kWh | £615 | £68 | £683 | £15,554 | 22.8 yrs | £-1,890 |
| 4 kW | 3969 kWh | 3056 kWh | 913 kWh | £820 | £91 | £911 | £17,588 | 19.3 yrs | £630 |
| 5 kW | 4961 kWh | 3820 kWh | 1141 kWh | £1,025 | £114 | £1,139 | £19,623 | 17.2 yrs | £3,150 |
| 6 kW | 5953 kWh | 4584 kWh | 1369 kWh | £1,229 | £137 | £1,366 | £21,657 | 15.9 yrs | £5,670 |
| 7 kW | 6945 kWh | 5348 kWh | 1597 kWh | £1,434 | £160 | £1,594 | £23,692 | 14.9 yrs | £8,190 |
| 8 kW | 7938 kWh | 6112 kWh | 1826 kWh | £1,639 | £183 | £1,822 | £25,726 | 14.1 yrs | £10,710 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.