A typical roof here lands around 5.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 1109 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 26.9p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £930, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 10.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2218 kWh | 887 kWh | 1331 kWh | £239 | £133 | £372 | £4,069 | 10.9 yrs | £3,369 |
| 3 kW | 3327 kWh | 1331 kWh | 1996 kWh | £358 | £200 | £558 | £6,104 | 10.9 yrs | £5,054 |
| 4 kW | 4436 kWh | 1774 kWh | 2662 kWh | £478 | £266 | £744 | £8,138 | 10.9 yrs | £6,738 |
| 5 kW | 5545 kWh | 2218 kWh | 3327 kWh | £597 | £333 | £930 | £10,173 | 10.9 yrs | £8,423 |
| 6 kW | 6654 kWh | 2662 kWh | 3992 kWh | £716 | £399 | £1,116 | £12,207 | 10.9 yrs | £10,107 |
| 7 kW | 7763 kWh | 3105 kWh | 4658 kWh | £836 | £466 | £1,302 | £14,242 | 10.9 yrs | £11,792 |
| 8 kW | 8872 kWh | 3549 kWh | 5323 kWh | £955 | £532 | £1,488 | £16,276 | 10.9 yrs | £13,477 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,117, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 11.0 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2218 kWh | 1331 kWh | 887 kWh | £358 | £89 | £447 | £6,169 | 13.8 yrs | £2,770 |
| 3 kW | 3327 kWh | 1996 kWh | 1331 kWh | £537 | £133 | £670 | £8,204 | 12.2 yrs | £5,205 |
| 4 kW | 4436 kWh | 2662 kWh | 1774 kWh | £716 | £177 | £894 | £10,238 | 11.5 yrs | £7,640 |
| 5 kW | 5545 kWh | 3327 kWh | 2218 kWh | £896 | £222 | £1,117 | £12,273 | 11.0 yrs | £10,076 |
| 6 kW | 6654 kWh | 3992 kWh | 2662 kWh | £1,075 | £266 | £1,341 | £14,307 | 10.7 yrs | £12,511 |
| 7 kW | 7763 kWh | 4658 kWh | 3105 kWh | £1,254 | £311 | £1,564 | £16,342 | 10.4 yrs | £14,946 |
| 8 kW | 8872 kWh | 5323 kWh | 3549 kWh | £1,433 | £355 | £1,788 | £18,376 | 10.3 yrs | £17,381 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,211, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 11.3 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2218 kWh | 1553 kWh | 665 kWh | £418 | £67 | £484 | £7,569 | 15.6 yrs | £2,121 |
| 3 kW | 3327 kWh | 2329 kWh | 998 kWh | £627 | £100 | £727 | £9,604 | 13.2 yrs | £4,931 |
| 4 kW | 4436 kWh | 3105 kWh | 1331 kWh | £836 | £133 | £969 | £11,638 | 12.0 yrs | £7,742 |
| 5 kW | 5545 kWh | 3881 kWh | 1663 kWh | £1,045 | £166 | £1,211 | £13,673 | 11.3 yrs | £10,552 |
| 6 kW | 6654 kWh | 4658 kWh | 1996 kWh | £1,254 | £200 | £1,453 | £15,707 | 10.8 yrs | £13,362 |
| 7 kW | 7763 kWh | 5434 kWh | 2329 kWh | £1,463 | £233 | £1,696 | £17,742 | 10.5 yrs | £16,173 |
| 8 kW | 8872 kWh | 6210 kWh | 2662 kWh | £1,672 | £266 | £1,938 | £19,776 | 10.2 yrs | £18,983 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,239, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 12.4 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2218 kWh | 1619 kWh | 599 kWh | £436 | £60 | £496 | £9,319 | 18.8 yrs | £596 |
| 3 kW | 3327 kWh | 2429 kWh | 898 kWh | £654 | £90 | £744 | £11,354 | 15.3 yrs | £3,519 |
| 4 kW | 4436 kWh | 3238 kWh | 1198 kWh | £872 | £120 | £991 | £13,388 | 13.5 yrs | £6,442 |
| 5 kW | 5545 kWh | 4048 kWh | 1497 kWh | £1,090 | £150 | £1,239 | £15,423 | 12.4 yrs | £9,365 |
| 6 kW | 6654 kWh | 4857 kWh | 1797 kWh | £1,308 | £180 | £1,487 | £17,457 | 11.7 yrs | £12,288 |
| 7 kW | 7763 kWh | 5667 kWh | 2096 kWh | £1,526 | £210 | £1,735 | £19,492 | 11.2 yrs | £15,211 |
| 8 kW | 8872 kWh | 6476 kWh | 2395 kWh | £1,743 | £240 | £1,983 | £21,526 | 10.9 yrs | £18,134 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,258, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 13.6 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2218 kWh | 1663 kWh | 554 kWh | £448 | £55 | £503 | £11,069 | 22.0 yrs | £-1,004 |
| 3 kW | 3327 kWh | 2495 kWh | 832 kWh | £672 | £83 | £755 | £13,104 | 17.4 yrs | £1,994 |
| 4 kW | 4436 kWh | 3327 kWh | 1109 kWh | £896 | £111 | £1,007 | £15,138 | 15.0 yrs | £4,992 |
| 5 kW | 5545 kWh | 4159 kWh | 1386 kWh | £1,120 | £139 | £1,258 | £17,173 | 13.6 yrs | £7,990 |
| 6 kW | 6654 kWh | 4990 kWh | 1663 kWh | £1,343 | £166 | £1,510 | £19,207 | 12.7 yrs | £10,988 |
| 7 kW | 7763 kWh | 5822 kWh | 1941 kWh | £1,567 | £194 | £1,761 | £21,242 | 12.1 yrs | £13,986 |
| 8 kW | 8872 kWh | 6654 kWh | 2218 kWh | £1,791 | £222 | £2,013 | £23,276 | 11.6 yrs | £16,984 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,277, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 15.4 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2218 kWh | 1708 kWh | 510 kWh | £460 | £51 | £511 | £13,519 | 26.5 yrs | £-3,304 |
| 3 kW | 3327 kWh | 2562 kWh | 765 kWh | £690 | £77 | £766 | £15,554 | 20.3 yrs | £-231 |
| 4 kW | 4436 kWh | 3416 kWh | 1020 kWh | £919 | £102 | £1,022 | £17,588 | 17.2 yrs | £2,842 |
| 5 kW | 5545 kWh | 4270 kWh | 1275 kWh | £1,149 | £128 | £1,277 | £19,623 | 15.4 yrs | £5,915 |
| 6 kW | 6654 kWh | 5123 kWh | 1530 kWh | £1,379 | £153 | £1,532 | £21,657 | 14.1 yrs | £8,989 |
| 7 kW | 7763 kWh | 5977 kWh | 1785 kWh | £1,609 | £179 | £1,788 | £23,692 | 13.3 yrs | £12,062 |
| 8 kW | 8872 kWh | 6831 kWh | 2041 kWh | £1,839 | £204 | £2,043 | £25,726 | 12.6 yrs | £15,135 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.