A typical roof here lands around 5.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 1134 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 26.9p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £951, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 10.7 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2268 kWh | 907 kWh | 1361 kWh | £244 | £136 | £380 | £4,069 | 10.7 yrs | £3,536 |
| 3 kW | 3401 kWh | 1361 kWh | 2041 kWh | £366 | £204 | £570 | £6,104 | 10.7 yrs | £5,303 |
| 4 kW | 4535 kWh | 1814 kWh | 2721 kWh | £488 | £272 | £760 | £8,138 | 10.7 yrs | £7,071 |
| 5 kW | 5669 kWh | 2268 kWh | 3401 kWh | £610 | £340 | £951 | £10,173 | 10.7 yrs | £8,839 |
| 6 kW | 6803 kWh | 2721 kWh | 4082 kWh | £733 | £408 | £1,141 | £12,207 | 10.7 yrs | £10,607 |
| 7 kW | 7937 kWh | 3175 kWh | 4762 kWh | £855 | £476 | £1,331 | £14,242 | 10.7 yrs | £12,375 |
| 8 kW | 9070 kWh | 3628 kWh | 5442 kWh | £977 | £544 | £1,521 | £16,276 | 10.7 yrs | £14,142 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,142, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 10.7 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2268 kWh | 1361 kWh | 907 kWh | £366 | £91 | £457 | £6,169 | 13.5 yrs | £2,970 |
| 3 kW | 3401 kWh | 2041 kWh | 1361 kWh | £549 | £136 | £685 | £8,204 | 12.0 yrs | £5,505 |
| 4 kW | 4535 kWh | 2721 kWh | 1814 kWh | £733 | £181 | £914 | £10,238 | 11.2 yrs | £8,041 |
| 5 kW | 5669 kWh | 3401 kWh | 2268 kWh | £916 | £227 | £1,142 | £12,273 | 10.7 yrs | £10,576 |
| 6 kW | 6803 kWh | 4082 kWh | 2721 kWh | £1,099 | £272 | £1,371 | £14,307 | 10.4 yrs | £13,111 |
| 7 kW | 7937 kWh | 4762 kWh | 3175 kWh | £1,282 | £317 | £1,599 | £16,342 | 10.2 yrs | £15,646 |
| 8 kW | 9070 kWh | 5442 kWh | 3628 kWh | £1,465 | £363 | £1,828 | £18,376 | 10.1 yrs | £18,181 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,238, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 11.0 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2268 kWh | 1587 kWh | 680 kWh | £427 | £68 | £495 | £7,569 | 15.3 yrs | £2,338 |
| 3 kW | 3401 kWh | 2381 kWh | 1020 kWh | £641 | £102 | £743 | £9,604 | 12.9 yrs | £5,257 |
| 4 kW | 4535 kWh | 3175 kWh | 1361 kWh | £855 | £136 | £991 | £11,638 | 11.7 yrs | £8,175 |
| 5 kW | 5669 kWh | 3968 kWh | 1701 kWh | £1,068 | £170 | £1,238 | £13,673 | 11.0 yrs | £11,094 |
| 6 kW | 6803 kWh | 4762 kWh | 2041 kWh | £1,282 | £204 | £1,486 | £15,707 | 10.6 yrs | £14,013 |
| 7 kW | 7937 kWh | 5556 kWh | 2381 kWh | £1,496 | £238 | £1,734 | £17,742 | 10.2 yrs | £16,932 |
| 8 kW | 9070 kWh | 6349 kWh | 2721 kWh | £1,709 | £272 | £1,981 | £19,776 | 10.0 yrs | £19,851 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,267, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 12.2 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2268 kWh | 1655 kWh | 612 kWh | £446 | £61 | £507 | £9,319 | 18.4 yrs | £818 |
| 3 kW | 3401 kWh | 2483 kWh | 918 kWh | £668 | £92 | £760 | £11,354 | 14.9 yrs | £3,852 |
| 4 kW | 4535 kWh | 3311 kWh | 1225 kWh | £891 | £122 | £1,014 | £13,388 | 13.2 yrs | £6,886 |
| 5 kW | 5669 kWh | 4138 kWh | 1531 kWh | £1,114 | £153 | £1,267 | £15,423 | 12.2 yrs | £9,920 |
| 6 kW | 6803 kWh | 4966 kWh | 1837 kWh | £1,337 | £184 | £1,521 | £17,457 | 11.5 yrs | £12,954 |
| 7 kW | 7937 kWh | 5794 kWh | 2143 kWh | £1,560 | £214 | £1,774 | £19,492 | 11.0 yrs | £15,988 |
| 8 kW | 9070 kWh | 6621 kWh | 2449 kWh | £1,782 | £245 | £2,027 | £21,526 | 10.6 yrs | £19,022 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,286, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 13.4 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2268 kWh | 1701 kWh | 567 kWh | £458 | £57 | £515 | £11,069 | 21.5 yrs | £-779 |
| 3 kW | 3401 kWh | 2551 kWh | 850 kWh | £687 | £85 | £772 | £13,104 | 17.0 yrs | £2,332 |
| 4 kW | 4535 kWh | 3401 kWh | 1134 kWh | £916 | £113 | £1,029 | £15,138 | 14.7 yrs | £5,443 |
| 5 kW | 5669 kWh | 4252 kWh | 1417 kWh | £1,145 | £142 | £1,286 | £17,173 | 13.4 yrs | £8,553 |
| 6 kW | 6803 kWh | 5102 kWh | 1701 kWh | £1,373 | £170 | £1,544 | £19,207 | 12.4 yrs | £11,664 |
| 7 kW | 7937 kWh | 5952 kWh | 1984 kWh | £1,602 | £198 | £1,801 | £21,242 | 11.8 yrs | £14,775 |
| 8 kW | 9070 kWh | 6803 kWh | 2268 kWh | £1,831 | £227 | £2,058 | £23,276 | 11.3 yrs | £17,885 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,305, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 15.0 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2268 kWh | 1746 kWh | 522 kWh | £470 | £52 | £522 | £13,519 | 25.9 yrs | £-3,075 |
| 3 kW | 3401 kWh | 2619 kWh | 782 kWh | £705 | £78 | £783 | £15,554 | 19.9 yrs | £112 |
| 4 kW | 4535 kWh | 3492 kWh | 1043 kWh | £940 | £104 | £1,044 | £17,588 | 16.8 yrs | £3,300 |
| 5 kW | 5669 kWh | 4365 kWh | 1304 kWh | £1,175 | £130 | £1,305 | £19,623 | 15.0 yrs | £6,487 |
| 6 kW | 6803 kWh | 5238 kWh | 1565 kWh | £1,410 | £156 | £1,567 | £21,657 | 13.8 yrs | £9,674 |
| 7 kW | 7937 kWh | 6111 kWh | 1825 kWh | £1,645 | £183 | £1,828 | £23,692 | 13.0 yrs | £12,862 |
| 8 kW | 9070 kWh | 6984 kWh | 2086 kWh | £1,880 | £209 | £2,089 | £25,726 | 12.3 yrs | £16,049 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.