A typical roof here lands around 6.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 1137 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 26.9p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £953, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 10.7 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2274 kWh | 909 kWh | 1364 kWh | £245 | £136 | £381 | £4,069 | 10.7 yrs | £3,556 |
| 3 kW | 3410 kWh | 1364 kWh | 2046 kWh | £367 | £205 | £572 | £6,104 | 10.7 yrs | £5,334 |
| 4 kW | 4547 kWh | 1819 kWh | 2728 kWh | £490 | £273 | £762 | £8,138 | 10.7 yrs | £7,112 |
| 5 kW | 5684 kWh | 2274 kWh | 3410 kWh | £612 | £341 | £953 | £10,173 | 10.7 yrs | £8,890 |
| 6 kW | 6821 kWh | 2728 kWh | 4093 kWh | £734 | £409 | £1,144 | £12,207 | 10.7 yrs | £10,668 |
| 7 kW | 7958 kWh | 3183 kWh | 4775 kWh | £857 | £477 | £1,334 | £14,242 | 10.7 yrs | £12,446 |
| 8 kW | 9095 kWh | 3638 kWh | 5457 kWh | £979 | £546 | £1,525 | £16,276 | 10.7 yrs | £14,223 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,145, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 10.7 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2274 kWh | 1364 kWh | 909 kWh | £367 | £91 | £458 | £6,169 | 13.5 yrs | £2,995 |
| 3 kW | 3410 kWh | 2046 kWh | 1364 kWh | £551 | £136 | £687 | £8,204 | 11.9 yrs | £5,542 |
| 4 kW | 4547 kWh | 2728 kWh | 1819 kWh | £734 | £182 | £916 | £10,238 | 11.2 yrs | £8,089 |
| 5 kW | 5684 kWh | 3410 kWh | 2274 kWh | £918 | £227 | £1,145 | £12,273 | 10.7 yrs | £10,637 |
| 6 kW | 6821 kWh | 4093 kWh | 2728 kWh | £1,102 | £273 | £1,375 | £14,307 | 10.4 yrs | £13,184 |
| 7 kW | 7958 kWh | 4775 kWh | 3183 kWh | £1,285 | £318 | £1,604 | £16,342 | 10.2 yrs | £15,731 |
| 8 kW | 9095 kWh | 5457 kWh | 3638 kWh | £1,469 | £364 | £1,833 | £18,376 | 10.0 yrs | £18,279 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,242, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 11.0 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2274 kWh | 1592 kWh | 682 kWh | £428 | £68 | £497 | £7,569 | 15.2 yrs | £2,364 |
| 3 kW | 3410 kWh | 2387 kWh | 1023 kWh | £643 | £102 | £745 | £9,604 | 12.9 yrs | £5,296 |
| 4 kW | 4547 kWh | 3183 kWh | 1364 kWh | £857 | £136 | £993 | £11,638 | 11.7 yrs | £8,228 |
| 5 kW | 5684 kWh | 3979 kWh | 1705 kWh | £1,071 | £171 | £1,242 | £13,673 | 11.0 yrs | £11,160 |
| 6 kW | 6821 kWh | 4775 kWh | 2046 kWh | £1,285 | £205 | £1,490 | £15,707 | 10.5 yrs | £14,092 |
| 7 kW | 7958 kWh | 5570 kWh | 2387 kWh | £1,500 | £239 | £1,738 | £17,742 | 10.2 yrs | £17,024 |
| 8 kW | 9095 kWh | 6366 kWh | 2728 kWh | £1,714 | £273 | £1,987 | £19,776 | 10.0 yrs | £19,956 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,270, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 12.1 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2274 kWh | 1660 kWh | 614 kWh | £447 | £61 | £508 | £9,319 | 18.3 yrs | £845 |
| 3 kW | 3410 kWh | 2490 kWh | 921 kWh | £670 | £92 | £762 | £11,354 | 14.9 yrs | £3,892 |
| 4 kW | 4547 kWh | 3320 kWh | 1228 kWh | £894 | £123 | £1,016 | £13,388 | 13.2 yrs | £6,940 |
| 5 kW | 5684 kWh | 4149 kWh | 1535 kWh | £1,117 | £153 | £1,270 | £15,423 | 12.1 yrs | £9,987 |
| 6 kW | 6821 kWh | 4979 kWh | 1842 kWh | £1,340 | £184 | £1,525 | £17,457 | 11.5 yrs | £13,035 |
| 7 kW | 7958 kWh | 5809 kWh | 2149 kWh | £1,564 | £215 | £1,779 | £19,492 | 11.0 yrs | £16,082 |
| 8 kW | 9095 kWh | 6639 kWh | 2456 kWh | £1,787 | £246 | £2,033 | £21,526 | 10.6 yrs | £19,130 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,290, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 13.3 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2274 kWh | 1705 kWh | 568 kWh | £459 | £57 | £516 | £11,069 | 21.5 yrs | £-751 |
| 3 kW | 3410 kWh | 2558 kWh | 853 kWh | £689 | £85 | £774 | £13,104 | 16.9 yrs | £2,373 |
| 4 kW | 4547 kWh | 3410 kWh | 1137 kWh | £918 | £114 | £1,032 | £15,138 | 14.7 yrs | £5,498 |
| 5 kW | 5684 kWh | 4263 kWh | 1421 kWh | £1,148 | £142 | £1,290 | £17,173 | 13.3 yrs | £8,622 |
| 6 kW | 6821 kWh | 5116 kWh | 1705 kWh | £1,377 | £171 | £1,548 | £19,207 | 12.4 yrs | £11,746 |
| 7 kW | 7958 kWh | 5968 kWh | 1989 kWh | £1,607 | £199 | £1,806 | £21,242 | 11.8 yrs | £14,871 |
| 8 kW | 9095 kWh | 6821 kWh | 2274 kWh | £1,836 | £227 | £2,064 | £23,276 | 11.3 yrs | £17,995 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,309, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 15.0 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2274 kWh | 1751 kWh | 523 kWh | £471 | £52 | £524 | £13,519 | 25.8 yrs | £-3,047 |
| 3 kW | 3410 kWh | 2626 kWh | 784 kWh | £707 | £78 | £785 | £15,554 | 19.8 yrs | £154 |
| 4 kW | 4547 kWh | 3501 kWh | 1046 kWh | £943 | £105 | £1,047 | £17,588 | 16.8 yrs | £3,355 |
| 5 kW | 5684 kWh | 4377 kWh | 1307 kWh | £1,178 | £131 | £1,309 | £19,623 | 15.0 yrs | £6,557 |
| 6 kW | 6821 kWh | 5252 kWh | 1569 kWh | £1,414 | £157 | £1,571 | £21,657 | 13.8 yrs | £9,758 |
| 7 kW | 7958 kWh | 6127 kWh | 1830 kWh | £1,650 | £183 | £1,833 | £23,692 | 12.9 yrs | £12,959 |
| 8 kW | 9095 kWh | 7003 kWh | 2092 kWh | £1,885 | £209 | £2,094 | £25,726 | 12.3 yrs | £16,161 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.