A typical roof here lands around 3.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 1135 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 26.9p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £952, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 10.7 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2270 kWh | 908 kWh | 1362 kWh | £244 | £136 | £381 | £4,069 | 10.7 yrs | £3,544 |
| 3 kW | 3405 kWh | 1362 kWh | 2043 kWh | £367 | £204 | £571 | £6,104 | 10.7 yrs | £5,315 |
| 4 kW | 4540 kWh | 1816 kWh | 2724 kWh | £489 | £272 | £761 | £8,138 | 10.7 yrs | £7,087 |
| 5 kW | 5675 kWh | 2270 kWh | 3405 kWh | £611 | £340 | £952 | £10,173 | 10.7 yrs | £8,859 |
| 6 kW | 6810 kWh | 2724 kWh | 4086 kWh | £733 | £409 | £1,142 | £12,207 | 10.7 yrs | £10,631 |
| 7 kW | 7945 kWh | 3178 kWh | 4767 kWh | £856 | £477 | £1,332 | £14,242 | 10.7 yrs | £12,402 |
| 8 kW | 9080 kWh | 3632 kWh | 5448 kWh | £978 | £545 | £1,523 | £16,276 | 10.7 yrs | £14,174 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,144, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 10.7 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2270 kWh | 1362 kWh | 908 kWh | £367 | £91 | £457 | £6,169 | 13.5 yrs | £2,980 |
| 3 kW | 3405 kWh | 2043 kWh | 1362 kWh | £550 | £136 | £686 | £8,204 | 12.0 yrs | £5,520 |
| 4 kW | 4540 kWh | 2724 kWh | 1816 kWh | £733 | £182 | £915 | £10,238 | 11.2 yrs | £8,060 |
| 5 kW | 5675 kWh | 3405 kWh | 2270 kWh | £917 | £227 | £1,144 | £12,273 | 10.7 yrs | £10,600 |
| 6 kW | 6810 kWh | 4086 kWh | 2724 kWh | £1,100 | £272 | £1,372 | £14,307 | 10.4 yrs | £13,139 |
| 7 kW | 7945 kWh | 4767 kWh | 3178 kWh | £1,283 | £318 | £1,601 | £16,342 | 10.2 yrs | £15,679 |
| 8 kW | 9080 kWh | 5448 kWh | 3632 kWh | £1,467 | £363 | £1,830 | £18,376 | 10.0 yrs | £18,219 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,240, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 11.0 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2270 kWh | 1589 kWh | 681 kWh | £428 | £68 | £496 | £7,569 | 15.3 yrs | £2,348 |
| 3 kW | 3405 kWh | 2383 kWh | 1021 kWh | £642 | £102 | £744 | £9,604 | 12.9 yrs | £5,272 |
| 4 kW | 4540 kWh | 3178 kWh | 1362 kWh | £856 | £136 | £992 | £11,638 | 11.7 yrs | £8,196 |
| 5 kW | 5675 kWh | 3972 kWh | 1702 kWh | £1,069 | £170 | £1,240 | £13,673 | 11.0 yrs | £11,120 |
| 6 kW | 6810 kWh | 4767 kWh | 2043 kWh | £1,283 | £204 | £1,488 | £15,707 | 10.6 yrs | £14,044 |
| 7 kW | 7945 kWh | 5561 kWh | 2383 kWh | £1,497 | £238 | £1,735 | £17,742 | 10.2 yrs | £16,968 |
| 8 kW | 9080 kWh | 6356 kWh | 2724 kWh | £1,711 | £272 | £1,983 | £19,776 | 10.0 yrs | £19,892 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,268, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 12.2 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2270 kWh | 1657 kWh | 613 kWh | £446 | £61 | £507 | £9,319 | 18.4 yrs | £828 |
| 3 kW | 3405 kWh | 2486 kWh | 919 kWh | £669 | £92 | £761 | £11,354 | 14.9 yrs | £3,868 |
| 4 kW | 4540 kWh | 3314 kWh | 1226 kWh | £892 | £123 | £1,015 | £13,388 | 13.2 yrs | £6,907 |
| 5 kW | 5675 kWh | 4143 kWh | 1532 kWh | £1,115 | £153 | £1,268 | £15,423 | 12.2 yrs | £9,946 |
| 6 kW | 6810 kWh | 4971 kWh | 1839 kWh | £1,338 | £184 | £1,522 | £17,457 | 11.5 yrs | £12,985 |
| 7 kW | 7945 kWh | 5800 kWh | 2145 kWh | £1,561 | £215 | £1,776 | £19,492 | 11.0 yrs | £16,024 |
| 8 kW | 9080 kWh | 6628 kWh | 2452 kWh | £1,784 | £245 | £2,029 | £21,526 | 10.6 yrs | £19,064 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,288, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 13.3 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2270 kWh | 1702 kWh | 567 kWh | £458 | £57 | £515 | £11,069 | 21.5 yrs | £-768 |
| 3 kW | 3405 kWh | 2554 kWh | 851 kWh | £687 | £85 | £773 | £13,104 | 17.0 yrs | £2,348 |
| 4 kW | 4540 kWh | 3405 kWh | 1135 kWh | £917 | £113 | £1,030 | £15,138 | 14.7 yrs | £5,464 |
| 5 kW | 5675 kWh | 4256 kWh | 1419 kWh | £1,146 | £142 | £1,288 | £17,173 | 13.3 yrs | £8,580 |
| 6 kW | 6810 kWh | 5107 kWh | 1702 kWh | £1,375 | £170 | £1,545 | £19,207 | 12.4 yrs | £11,696 |
| 7 kW | 7945 kWh | 5959 kWh | 1986 kWh | £1,604 | £199 | £1,803 | £21,242 | 11.8 yrs | £14,812 |
| 8 kW | 9080 kWh | 6810 kWh | 2270 kWh | £1,833 | £227 | £2,060 | £23,276 | 11.3 yrs | £17,928 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,307, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 15.0 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2270 kWh | 1748 kWh | 522 kWh | £471 | £52 | £523 | £13,519 | 25.9 yrs | £-3,064 |
| 3 kW | 3405 kWh | 2622 kWh | 783 kWh | £706 | £78 | £784 | £15,554 | 19.8 yrs | £129 |
| 4 kW | 4540 kWh | 3496 kWh | 1044 kWh | £941 | £104 | £1,045 | £17,588 | 16.8 yrs | £3,321 |
| 5 kW | 5675 kWh | 4370 kWh | 1305 kWh | £1,176 | £131 | £1,307 | £19,623 | 15.0 yrs | £6,514 |
| 6 kW | 6810 kWh | 5244 kWh | 1566 kWh | £1,412 | £157 | £1,568 | £21,657 | 13.8 yrs | £9,707 |
| 7 kW | 7945 kWh | 6118 kWh | 1827 kWh | £1,647 | £183 | £1,830 | £23,692 | 12.9 yrs | £12,900 |
| 8 kW | 9080 kWh | 6991 kWh | 2088 kWh | £1,882 | £209 | £2,091 | £25,726 | 12.3 yrs | £16,093 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.