A typical roof here lands around 5.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 1106 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 26.5p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £917, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 11.1 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2212 kWh | 885 kWh | 1327 kWh | £234 | £133 | £367 | £4,069 | 11.1 yrs | £3,271 |
| 3 kW | 3318 kWh | 1327 kWh | 1991 kWh | £351 | £199 | £550 | £6,104 | 11.1 yrs | £4,906 |
| 4 kW | 4424 kWh | 1770 kWh | 2654 kWh | £469 | £265 | £734 | £8,138 | 11.1 yrs | £6,542 |
| 5 kW | 5530 kWh | 2212 kWh | 3318 kWh | £586 | £332 | £917 | £10,173 | 11.1 yrs | £8,177 |
| 6 kW | 6636 kWh | 2654 kWh | 3981 kWh | £703 | £398 | £1,101 | £12,207 | 11.1 yrs | £9,813 |
| 7 kW | 7742 kWh | 3097 kWh | 4645 kWh | £820 | £464 | £1,284 | £14,242 | 11.1 yrs | £11,448 |
| 8 kW | 8848 kWh | 3539 kWh | 5309 kWh | £937 | £531 | £1,468 | £16,276 | 11.1 yrs | £13,084 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,100, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 11.2 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2212 kWh | 1327 kWh | 885 kWh | £351 | £88 | £440 | £6,169 | 14.0 yrs | £2,629 |
| 3 kW | 3318 kWh | 1991 kWh | 1327 kWh | £527 | £133 | £660 | £8,204 | 12.4 yrs | £4,994 |
| 4 kW | 4424 kWh | 2654 kWh | 1770 kWh | £703 | £177 | £880 | £10,238 | 11.6 yrs | £7,358 |
| 5 kW | 5530 kWh | 3318 kWh | 2212 kWh | £879 | £221 | £1,100 | £12,273 | 11.2 yrs | £9,723 |
| 6 kW | 6636 kWh | 3981 kWh | 2654 kWh | £1,054 | £265 | £1,320 | £14,307 | 10.8 yrs | £12,087 |
| 7 kW | 7742 kWh | 4645 kWh | 3097 kWh | £1,230 | £310 | £1,540 | £16,342 | 10.6 yrs | £14,452 |
| 8 kW | 8848 kWh | 5309 kWh | 3539 kWh | £1,406 | £354 | £1,760 | £18,376 | 10.4 yrs | £16,816 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,191, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 11.5 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2212 kWh | 1548 kWh | 664 kWh | £410 | £66 | £476 | £7,569 | 15.9 yrs | £1,958 |
| 3 kW | 3318 kWh | 2322 kWh | 995 kWh | £615 | £100 | £715 | £9,604 | 13.4 yrs | £4,687 |
| 4 kW | 4424 kWh | 3097 kWh | 1327 kWh | £820 | £133 | £953 | £11,638 | 12.2 yrs | £7,416 |
| 5 kW | 5530 kWh | 3871 kWh | 1659 kWh | £1,025 | £166 | £1,191 | £13,673 | 11.5 yrs | £10,145 |
| 6 kW | 6636 kWh | 4645 kWh | 1991 kWh | £1,230 | £199 | £1,429 | £15,707 | 11.0 yrs | £12,874 |
| 7 kW | 7742 kWh | 5419 kWh | 2322 kWh | £1,435 | £232 | £1,667 | £17,742 | 10.6 yrs | £15,603 |
| 8 kW | 8848 kWh | 6193 kWh | 2654 kWh | £1,640 | £265 | £1,905 | £19,776 | 10.4 yrs | £18,332 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,218, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 12.7 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2212 kWh | 1615 kWh | 597 kWh | £428 | £60 | £487 | £9,319 | 19.1 yrs | £427 |
| 3 kW | 3318 kWh | 2422 kWh | 896 kWh | £641 | £90 | £731 | £11,354 | 15.5 yrs | £3,265 |
| 4 kW | 4424 kWh | 3229 kWh | 1194 kWh | £855 | £119 | £975 | £13,388 | 13.7 yrs | £6,104 |
| 5 kW | 5530 kWh | 4037 kWh | 1493 kWh | £1,069 | £149 | £1,218 | £15,423 | 12.7 yrs | £8,942 |
| 6 kW | 6636 kWh | 4844 kWh | 1792 kWh | £1,283 | £179 | £1,462 | £17,457 | 11.9 yrs | £11,780 |
| 7 kW | 7742 kWh | 5651 kWh | 2090 kWh | £1,496 | £209 | £1,706 | £19,492 | 11.4 yrs | £14,619 |
| 8 kW | 8848 kWh | 6459 kWh | 2389 kWh | £1,710 | £239 | £1,949 | £21,526 | 11.0 yrs | £17,457 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,236, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 13.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2212 kWh | 1659 kWh | 553 kWh | £439 | £55 | £495 | £11,069 | 22.4 yrs | £-1,177 |
| 3 kW | 3318 kWh | 2488 kWh | 829 kWh | £659 | £83 | £742 | £13,104 | 17.7 yrs | £1,734 |
| 4 kW | 4424 kWh | 3318 kWh | 1106 kWh | £879 | £111 | £989 | £15,138 | 15.3 yrs | £4,645 |
| 5 kW | 5530 kWh | 4147 kWh | 1382 kWh | £1,098 | £138 | £1,236 | £17,173 | 13.9 yrs | £7,556 |
| 6 kW | 6636 kWh | 4977 kWh | 1659 kWh | £1,318 | £166 | £1,484 | £19,207 | 12.9 yrs | £10,468 |
| 7 kW | 7742 kWh | 5806 kWh | 1935 kWh | £1,537 | £194 | £1,731 | £21,242 | 12.3 yrs | £13,379 |
| 8 kW | 8848 kWh | 6636 kWh | 2212 kWh | £1,757 | £221 | £1,978 | £23,276 | 11.8 yrs | £16,290 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,255, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 15.6 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2212 kWh | 1703 kWh | 509 kWh | £451 | £51 | £502 | £13,519 | 26.9 yrs | £-3,482 |
| 3 kW | 3318 kWh | 2555 kWh | 763 kWh | £676 | £76 | £753 | £15,554 | 20.7 yrs | £-497 |
| 4 kW | 4424 kWh | 3406 kWh | 1017 kWh | £902 | £102 | £1,004 | £17,588 | 17.5 yrs | £2,487 |
| 5 kW | 5530 kWh | 4258 kWh | 1272 kWh | £1,127 | £127 | £1,255 | £19,623 | 15.6 yrs | £5,471 |
| 6 kW | 6636 kWh | 5109 kWh | 1526 kWh | £1,353 | £153 | £1,506 | £21,657 | 14.4 yrs | £8,455 |
| 7 kW | 7742 kWh | 5961 kWh | 1781 kWh | £1,578 | £178 | £1,757 | £23,692 | 13.5 yrs | £11,439 |
| 8 kW | 8848 kWh | 6813 kWh | 2035 kWh | £1,804 | £203 | £2,007 | £25,726 | 12.8 yrs | £14,424 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.