A typical roof here lands around 3.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 1119 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 26.9p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £938, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 10.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2238 kWh | 895 kWh | 1343 kWh | £241 | £134 | £375 | £4,069 | 10.8 yrs | £3,436 |
| 3 kW | 3357 kWh | 1343 kWh | 2014 kWh | £361 | £201 | £563 | £6,104 | 10.8 yrs | £5,155 |
| 4 kW | 4476 kWh | 1790 kWh | 2686 kWh | £482 | £269 | £751 | £8,138 | 10.8 yrs | £6,873 |
| 5 kW | 5595 kWh | 2238 kWh | 3357 kWh | £602 | £336 | £938 | £10,173 | 10.8 yrs | £8,591 |
| 6 kW | 6714 kWh | 2686 kWh | 4028 kWh | £723 | £403 | £1,126 | £12,207 | 10.8 yrs | £10,309 |
| 7 kW | 7833 kWh | 3133 kWh | 4700 kWh | £843 | £470 | £1,313 | £14,242 | 10.8 yrs | £12,027 |
| 8 kW | 8952 kWh | 3581 kWh | 5371 kWh | £964 | £537 | £1,501 | £16,276 | 10.8 yrs | £13,745 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,128, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 10.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2238 kWh | 1343 kWh | 895 kWh | £361 | £90 | £451 | £6,169 | 13.7 yrs | £2,851 |
| 3 kW | 3357 kWh | 2014 kWh | 1343 kWh | £542 | £134 | £677 | £8,204 | 12.1 yrs | £5,327 |
| 4 kW | 4476 kWh | 2686 kWh | 1790 kWh | £723 | £179 | £902 | £10,238 | 11.4 yrs | £7,802 |
| 5 kW | 5595 kWh | 3357 kWh | 2238 kWh | £904 | £224 | £1,128 | £12,273 | 10.9 yrs | £10,278 |
| 6 kW | 6714 kWh | 4028 kWh | 2686 kWh | £1,084 | £269 | £1,353 | £14,307 | 10.6 yrs | £12,753 |
| 7 kW | 7833 kWh | 4700 kWh | 3133 kWh | £1,265 | £313 | £1,579 | £16,342 | 10.4 yrs | £15,229 |
| 8 kW | 8952 kWh | 5371 kWh | 3581 kWh | £1,446 | £358 | £1,804 | £18,376 | 10.2 yrs | £17,704 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,222, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 11.2 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2238 kWh | 1567 kWh | 671 kWh | £422 | £67 | £489 | £7,569 | 15.5 yrs | £2,208 |
| 3 kW | 3357 kWh | 2350 kWh | 1007 kWh | £633 | £101 | £733 | £9,604 | 13.1 yrs | £5,063 |
| 4 kW | 4476 kWh | 3133 kWh | 1343 kWh | £843 | £134 | £978 | £11,638 | 11.9 yrs | £7,917 |
| 5 kW | 5595 kWh | 3916 kWh | 1679 kWh | £1,054 | £168 | £1,222 | £13,673 | 11.2 yrs | £10,771 |
| 6 kW | 6714 kWh | 4700 kWh | 2014 kWh | £1,265 | £201 | £1,467 | £15,707 | 10.7 yrs | £13,625 |
| 7 kW | 7833 kWh | 5483 kWh | 2350 kWh | £1,476 | £235 | £1,711 | £17,742 | 10.4 yrs | £16,479 |
| 8 kW | 8952 kWh | 6266 kWh | 2686 kWh | £1,687 | £269 | £1,955 | £19,776 | 10.1 yrs | £19,333 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,251, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 12.3 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2238 kWh | 1634 kWh | 604 kWh | £440 | £60 | £500 | £9,319 | 18.6 yrs | £686 |
| 3 kW | 3357 kWh | 2451 kWh | 906 kWh | £660 | £91 | £750 | £11,354 | 15.1 yrs | £3,653 |
| 4 kW | 4476 kWh | 3267 kWh | 1209 kWh | £880 | £121 | £1,000 | £13,388 | 13.4 yrs | £6,621 |
| 5 kW | 5595 kWh | 4084 kWh | 1511 kWh | £1,100 | £151 | £1,251 | £15,423 | 12.3 yrs | £9,589 |
| 6 kW | 6714 kWh | 4901 kWh | 1813 kWh | £1,319 | £181 | £1,501 | £17,457 | 11.6 yrs | £12,557 |
| 7 kW | 7833 kWh | 5718 kWh | 2115 kWh | £1,539 | £211 | £1,751 | £19,492 | 11.1 yrs | £15,524 |
| 8 kW | 8952 kWh | 6535 kWh | 2417 kWh | £1,759 | £242 | £2,001 | £21,526 | 10.8 yrs | £18,492 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,270, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 13.5 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2238 kWh | 1678 kWh | 560 kWh | £452 | £56 | £508 | £11,069 | 21.8 yrs | £-913 |
| 3 kW | 3357 kWh | 2518 kWh | 839 kWh | £678 | £84 | £762 | £13,104 | 17.2 yrs | £2,131 |
| 4 kW | 4476 kWh | 3357 kWh | 1119 kWh | £904 | £112 | £1,016 | £15,138 | 14.9 yrs | £5,174 |
| 5 kW | 5595 kWh | 4196 kWh | 1399 kWh | £1,130 | £140 | £1,270 | £17,173 | 13.5 yrs | £8,218 |
| 6 kW | 6714 kWh | 5036 kWh | 1678 kWh | £1,356 | £168 | £1,523 | £19,207 | 12.6 yrs | £11,261 |
| 7 kW | 7833 kWh | 5875 kWh | 1958 kWh | £1,581 | £196 | £1,777 | £21,242 | 12.0 yrs | £14,305 |
| 8 kW | 8952 kWh | 6714 kWh | 2238 kWh | £1,807 | £224 | £2,031 | £23,276 | 11.5 yrs | £17,348 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,288, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 15.2 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2238 kWh | 1723 kWh | 515 kWh | £464 | £51 | £515 | £13,519 | 26.2 yrs | £-3,212 |
| 3 kW | 3357 kWh | 2585 kWh | 772 kWh | £696 | £77 | £773 | £15,554 | 20.1 yrs | £-92 |
| 4 kW | 4476 kWh | 3447 kWh | 1029 kWh | £928 | £103 | £1,031 | £17,588 | 17.1 yrs | £3,027 |
| 5 kW | 5595 kWh | 4308 kWh | 1287 kWh | £1,160 | £129 | £1,288 | £19,623 | 15.2 yrs | £6,146 |
| 6 kW | 6714 kWh | 5170 kWh | 1544 kWh | £1,392 | £154 | £1,546 | £21,657 | 14.0 yrs | £9,265 |
| 7 kW | 7833 kWh | 6031 kWh | 1802 kWh | £1,624 | £180 | £1,804 | £23,692 | 13.1 yrs | £12,385 |
| 8 kW | 8952 kWh | 6893 kWh | 2059 kWh | £1,856 | £206 | £2,062 | £25,726 | 12.5 yrs | £15,504 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.