A typical roof here lands around 6.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 1123 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 26.9p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £941, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 10.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2245 kWh | 898 kWh | 1347 kWh | £242 | £135 | £376 | £4,069 | 10.8 yrs | £3,460 |
| 3 kW | 3368 kWh | 1347 kWh | 2021 kWh | £363 | £202 | £565 | £6,104 | 10.8 yrs | £5,191 |
| 4 kW | 4490 kWh | 1796 kWh | 2694 kWh | £484 | £269 | £753 | £8,138 | 10.8 yrs | £6,921 |
| 5 kW | 5613 kWh | 2245 kWh | 3368 kWh | £604 | £337 | £941 | £10,173 | 10.8 yrs | £8,651 |
| 6 kW | 6735 kWh | 2694 kWh | 4041 kWh | £725 | £404 | £1,129 | £12,207 | 10.8 yrs | £10,381 |
| 7 kW | 7858 kWh | 3143 kWh | 4715 kWh | £846 | £471 | £1,318 | £14,242 | 10.8 yrs | £12,111 |
| 8 kW | 8981 kWh | 3592 kWh | 5388 kWh | £967 | £539 | £1,506 | £16,276 | 10.8 yrs | £13,841 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,131, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 10.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2245 kWh | 1347 kWh | 898 kWh | £363 | £90 | £452 | £6,169 | 13.6 yrs | £2,880 |
| 3 kW | 3368 kWh | 2021 kWh | 1347 kWh | £544 | £135 | £679 | £8,204 | 12.1 yrs | £5,370 |
| 4 kW | 4490 kWh | 2694 kWh | 1796 kWh | £725 | £180 | £905 | £10,238 | 11.3 yrs | £7,860 |
| 5 kW | 5613 kWh | 3368 kWh | 2245 kWh | £907 | £225 | £1,131 | £12,273 | 10.8 yrs | £10,350 |
| 6 kW | 6735 kWh | 4041 kWh | 2694 kWh | £1,088 | £269 | £1,357 | £14,307 | 10.5 yrs | £12,840 |
| 7 kW | 7858 kWh | 4715 kWh | 3143 kWh | £1,269 | £314 | £1,584 | £16,342 | 10.3 yrs | £15,330 |
| 8 kW | 8981 kWh | 5388 kWh | 3592 kWh | £1,451 | £359 | £1,810 | £18,376 | 10.2 yrs | £17,819 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,226, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 11.2 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2245 kWh | 1572 kWh | 674 kWh | £423 | £67 | £490 | £7,569 | 15.4 yrs | £2,240 |
| 3 kW | 3368 kWh | 2357 kWh | 1010 kWh | £635 | £101 | £736 | £9,604 | 13.1 yrs | £5,109 |
| 4 kW | 4490 kWh | 3143 kWh | 1347 kWh | £846 | £135 | £981 | £11,638 | 11.9 yrs | £7,979 |
| 5 kW | 5613 kWh | 3929 kWh | 1684 kWh | £1,058 | £168 | £1,226 | £13,673 | 11.2 yrs | £10,849 |
| 6 kW | 6735 kWh | 4715 kWh | 2021 kWh | £1,269 | £202 | £1,471 | £15,707 | 10.7 yrs | £13,719 |
| 7 kW | 7858 kWh | 5501 kWh | 2357 kWh | £1,481 | £236 | £1,717 | £17,742 | 10.3 yrs | £16,589 |
| 8 kW | 8981 kWh | 6286 kWh | 2694 kWh | £1,692 | £269 | £1,962 | £19,776 | 10.1 yrs | £19,459 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,255, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 12.3 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2245 kWh | 1639 kWh | 606 kWh | £441 | £61 | £502 | £9,319 | 18.6 yrs | £718 |
| 3 kW | 3368 kWh | 2458 kWh | 909 kWh | £662 | £91 | £753 | £11,354 | 15.1 yrs | £3,701 |
| 4 kW | 4490 kWh | 3278 kWh | 1212 kWh | £882 | £121 | £1,004 | £13,388 | 13.3 yrs | £6,685 |
| 5 kW | 5613 kWh | 4097 kWh | 1515 kWh | £1,103 | £152 | £1,255 | £15,423 | 12.3 yrs | £9,669 |
| 6 kW | 6735 kWh | 4917 kWh | 1819 kWh | £1,324 | £182 | £1,505 | £17,457 | 11.6 yrs | £12,653 |
| 7 kW | 7858 kWh | 5736 kWh | 2122 kWh | £1,544 | £212 | £1,756 | £19,492 | 11.1 yrs | £15,636 |
| 8 kW | 8981 kWh | 6556 kWh | 2425 kWh | £1,765 | £242 | £2,007 | £21,526 | 10.7 yrs | £18,620 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,274, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 13.5 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2245 kWh | 1684 kWh | 561 kWh | £453 | £56 | £509 | £11,069 | 21.7 yrs | £-880 |
| 3 kW | 3368 kWh | 2526 kWh | 842 kWh | £680 | £84 | £764 | £13,104 | 17.1 yrs | £2,179 |
| 4 kW | 4490 kWh | 3368 kWh | 1123 kWh | £907 | £112 | £1,019 | £15,138 | 14.9 yrs | £5,239 |
| 5 kW | 5613 kWh | 4210 kWh | 1403 kWh | £1,133 | £140 | £1,274 | £17,173 | 13.5 yrs | £8,299 |
| 6 kW | 6735 kWh | 5052 kWh | 1684 kWh | £1,360 | £168 | £1,528 | £19,207 | 12.6 yrs | £11,359 |
| 7 kW | 7858 kWh | 5894 kWh | 1965 kWh | £1,587 | £196 | £1,783 | £21,242 | 11.9 yrs | £14,418 |
| 8 kW | 8981 kWh | 6735 kWh | 2245 kWh | £1,813 | £225 | £2,038 | £23,276 | 11.4 yrs | £17,478 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,293, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 15.2 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2245 kWh | 1729 kWh | 516 kWh | £465 | £52 | £517 | £13,519 | 26.1 yrs | £-3,179 |
| 3 kW | 3368 kWh | 2593 kWh | 775 kWh | £698 | £77 | £776 | £15,554 | 20.1 yrs | £-43 |
| 4 kW | 4490 kWh | 3458 kWh | 1033 kWh | £931 | £103 | £1,034 | £17,588 | 17.0 yrs | £3,093 |
| 5 kW | 5613 kWh | 4322 kWh | 1291 kWh | £1,163 | £129 | £1,293 | £19,623 | 15.2 yrs | £6,229 |
| 6 kW | 6735 kWh | 5186 kWh | 1549 kWh | £1,396 | £155 | £1,551 | £21,657 | 14.0 yrs | £9,364 |
| 7 kW | 7858 kWh | 6051 kWh | 1807 kWh | £1,629 | £181 | £1,810 | £23,692 | 13.1 yrs | £12,500 |
| 8 kW | 8981 kWh | 6915 kWh | 2066 kWh | £1,862 | £207 | £2,068 | £25,726 | 12.4 yrs | £15,636 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.