A typical roof here lands around 5.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 876 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 27.1p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £738, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 13.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1753 kWh | 701 kWh | 1052 kWh | £190 | £105 | £295 | £4,069 | 13.8 yrs | £1,835 |
| 3 kW | 2629 kWh | 1052 kWh | 1577 kWh | £285 | £158 | £443 | £6,104 | 13.8 yrs | £2,752 |
| 4 kW | 3505 kWh | 1402 kWh | 2103 kWh | £380 | £210 | £590 | £8,138 | 13.8 yrs | £3,670 |
| 5 kW | 4381 kWh | 1753 kWh | 2629 kWh | £475 | £263 | £738 | £10,173 | 13.8 yrs | £4,587 |
| 6 kW | 5258 kWh | 2103 kWh | 3155 kWh | £570 | £315 | £886 | £12,207 | 13.8 yrs | £5,505 |
| 7 kW | 6134 kWh | 2454 kWh | 3680 kWh | £665 | £368 | £1,033 | £14,242 | 13.8 yrs | £6,422 |
| 8 kW | 7010 kWh | 2804 kWh | 4206 kWh | £760 | £421 | £1,181 | £16,276 | 13.8 yrs | £7,339 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £888, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 13.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1753 kWh | 1052 kWh | 701 kWh | £285 | £70 | £355 | £6,169 | 17.4 yrs | £934 |
| 3 kW | 2629 kWh | 1577 kWh | 1052 kWh | £428 | £105 | £533 | £8,204 | 15.4 yrs | £2,451 |
| 4 kW | 3505 kWh | 2103 kWh | 1402 kWh | £570 | £140 | £710 | £10,238 | 14.4 yrs | £3,969 |
| 5 kW | 4381 kWh | 2629 kWh | 1753 kWh | £713 | £175 | £888 | £12,273 | 13.8 yrs | £5,486 |
| 6 kW | 5258 kWh | 3155 kWh | 2103 kWh | £855 | £210 | £1,065 | £14,307 | 13.4 yrs | £7,003 |
| 7 kW | 6134 kWh | 3680 kWh | 2454 kWh | £998 | £245 | £1,243 | £16,342 | 13.1 yrs | £8,520 |
| 8 kW | 7010 kWh | 4206 kWh | 2804 kWh | £1,140 | £280 | £1,421 | £18,376 | 12.9 yrs | £10,037 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £963, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 14.2 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1753 kWh | 1227 kWh | 526 kWh | £333 | £53 | £385 | £7,569 | 19.7 yrs | £134 |
| 3 kW | 2629 kWh | 1840 kWh | 789 kWh | £499 | £79 | £578 | £9,604 | 16.6 yrs | £1,951 |
| 4 kW | 3505 kWh | 2454 kWh | 1052 kWh | £665 | £105 | £770 | £11,638 | 15.1 yrs | £3,768 |
| 5 kW | 4381 kWh | 3067 kWh | 1314 kWh | £831 | £131 | £963 | £13,673 | 14.2 yrs | £5,585 |
| 6 kW | 5258 kWh | 3680 kWh | 1577 kWh | £998 | £158 | £1,155 | £15,707 | 13.6 yrs | £7,402 |
| 7 kW | 6134 kWh | 4294 kWh | 1840 kWh | £1,164 | £184 | £1,348 | £17,742 | 13.2 yrs | £9,219 |
| 8 kW | 7010 kWh | 4907 kWh | 2103 kWh | £1,330 | £210 | £1,541 | £19,776 | 12.8 yrs | £11,036 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £985, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 15.7 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1753 kWh | 1279 kWh | 473 kWh | £347 | £47 | £394 | £9,319 | 23.6 yrs | £-1,436 |
| 3 kW | 2629 kWh | 1919 kWh | 710 kWh | £520 | £71 | £591 | £11,354 | 19.2 yrs | £471 |
| 4 kW | 3505 kWh | 2559 kWh | 946 kWh | £694 | £95 | £788 | £13,388 | 17.0 yrs | £2,378 |
| 5 kW | 4381 kWh | 3198 kWh | 1183 kWh | £867 | £118 | £985 | £15,423 | 15.7 yrs | £4,285 |
| 6 kW | 5258 kWh | 3838 kWh | 1420 kWh | £1,040 | £142 | £1,182 | £17,457 | 14.8 yrs | £6,192 |
| 7 kW | 6134 kWh | 4478 kWh | 1656 kWh | £1,214 | £166 | £1,380 | £19,492 | 14.1 yrs | £8,099 |
| 8 kW | 7010 kWh | 5117 kWh | 1893 kWh | £1,387 | £189 | £1,577 | £21,526 | 13.7 yrs | £10,006 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,000, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 17.2 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1753 kWh | 1314 kWh | 438 kWh | £356 | £44 | £400 | £11,069 | 27.7 yrs | £-3,066 |
| 3 kW | 2629 kWh | 1972 kWh | 657 kWh | £534 | £66 | £600 | £13,104 | 21.8 yrs | £-1,099 |
| 4 kW | 3505 kWh | 2629 kWh | 876 kWh | £713 | £88 | £800 | £15,138 | 18.9 yrs | £868 |
| 5 kW | 4381 kWh | 3286 kWh | 1095 kWh | £891 | £110 | £1,000 | £17,173 | 17.2 yrs | £2,835 |
| 6 kW | 5258 kWh | 3943 kWh | 1314 kWh | £1,069 | £131 | £1,200 | £19,207 | 16.0 yrs | £4,802 |
| 7 kW | 6134 kWh | 4600 kWh | 1533 kWh | £1,247 | £153 | £1,401 | £21,242 | 15.2 yrs | £6,769 |
| 8 kW | 7010 kWh | 5258 kWh | 1753 kWh | £1,425 | £175 | £1,601 | £23,276 | 14.5 yrs | £8,735 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,015, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 19.3 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1753 kWh | 1349 kWh | 403 kWh | £366 | £40 | £406 | £13,519 | 33.3 yrs | £-5,396 |
| 3 kW | 2629 kWh | 2024 kWh | 605 kWh | £549 | £60 | £609 | £15,554 | 25.5 yrs | £-3,369 |
| 4 kW | 3505 kWh | 2699 kWh | 806 kWh | £732 | £81 | £812 | £17,588 | 21.7 yrs | £-1,342 |
| 5 kW | 4381 kWh | 3374 kWh | 1008 kWh | £915 | £101 | £1,015 | £19,623 | 19.3 yrs | £685 |
| 6 kW | 5258 kWh | 4048 kWh | 1209 kWh | £1,097 | £121 | £1,218 | £21,657 | 17.8 yrs | £2,711 |
| 7 kW | 6134 kWh | 4723 kWh | 1411 kWh | £1,280 | £141 | £1,421 | £23,692 | 16.7 yrs | £4,738 |
| 8 kW | 7010 kWh | 5398 kWh | 1612 kWh | £1,463 | £161 | £1,625 | £25,726 | 15.8 yrs | £6,765 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.