A typical roof here lands around 4.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 870 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 27.1p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £733, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 13.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1740 kWh | 696 kWh | 1044 kWh | £189 | £104 | £293 | £4,069 | 13.9 yrs | £1,794 |
| 3 kW | 2611 kWh | 1044 kWh | 1566 kWh | £283 | £157 | £440 | £6,104 | 13.9 yrs | £2,691 |
| 4 kW | 3481 kWh | 1392 kWh | 2089 kWh | £377 | £209 | £586 | £8,138 | 13.9 yrs | £3,588 |
| 5 kW | 4351 kWh | 1740 kWh | 2611 kWh | £472 | £261 | £733 | £10,173 | 13.9 yrs | £4,485 |
| 6 kW | 5221 kWh | 2089 kWh | 3133 kWh | £566 | £313 | £879 | £12,207 | 13.9 yrs | £5,382 |
| 7 kW | 6091 kWh | 2437 kWh | 3655 kWh | £661 | £365 | £1,026 | £14,242 | 13.9 yrs | £6,279 |
| 8 kW | 6962 kWh | 2785 kWh | 4177 kWh | £755 | £418 | £1,173 | £16,276 | 13.9 yrs | £7,176 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £882, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 13.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1740 kWh | 1044 kWh | 696 kWh | £283 | £70 | £353 | £6,169 | 17.5 yrs | £885 |
| 3 kW | 2611 kWh | 1566 kWh | 1044 kWh | £425 | £104 | £529 | £8,204 | 15.5 yrs | £2,378 |
| 4 kW | 3481 kWh | 2089 kWh | 1392 kWh | £566 | £139 | £705 | £10,238 | 14.5 yrs | £3,871 |
| 5 kW | 4351 kWh | 2611 kWh | 1740 kWh | £708 | £174 | £882 | £12,273 | 13.9 yrs | £5,363 |
| 6 kW | 5221 kWh | 3133 kWh | 2089 kWh | £849 | £209 | £1,058 | £14,307 | 13.5 yrs | £6,856 |
| 7 kW | 6091 kWh | 3655 kWh | 2437 kWh | £991 | £244 | £1,234 | £16,342 | 13.2 yrs | £8,348 |
| 8 kW | 6962 kWh | 4177 kWh | 2785 kWh | £1,132 | £278 | £1,411 | £18,376 | 13.0 yrs | £9,841 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £956, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 14.3 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1740 kWh | 1218 kWh | 522 kWh | £330 | £52 | £382 | £7,569 | 19.8 yrs | £81 |
| 3 kW | 2611 kWh | 1827 kWh | 783 kWh | £495 | £78 | £574 | £9,604 | 16.7 yrs | £1,871 |
| 4 kW | 3481 kWh | 2437 kWh | 1044 kWh | £661 | £104 | £765 | £11,638 | 15.2 yrs | £3,662 |
| 5 kW | 4351 kWh | 3046 kWh | 1305 kWh | £826 | £131 | £956 | £13,673 | 14.3 yrs | £5,452 |
| 6 kW | 5221 kWh | 3655 kWh | 1566 kWh | £991 | £157 | £1,147 | £15,707 | 13.7 yrs | £7,242 |
| 7 kW | 6091 kWh | 4264 kWh | 1827 kWh | £1,156 | £183 | £1,339 | £17,742 | 13.3 yrs | £9,033 |
| 8 kW | 6962 kWh | 4873 kWh | 2089 kWh | £1,321 | £209 | £1,530 | £19,776 | 12.9 yrs | £10,823 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £979, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 15.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1740 kWh | 1271 kWh | 470 kWh | £344 | £47 | £391 | £9,319 | 23.8 yrs | £-1,491 |
| 3 kW | 2611 kWh | 1906 kWh | 705 kWh | £517 | £70 | £587 | £11,354 | 19.3 yrs | £389 |
| 4 kW | 3481 kWh | 2541 kWh | 940 kWh | £689 | £94 | £783 | £13,388 | 17.1 yrs | £2,269 |
| 5 kW | 4351 kWh | 3176 kWh | 1175 kWh | £861 | £117 | £979 | £15,423 | 15.8 yrs | £4,149 |
| 6 kW | 5221 kWh | 3812 kWh | 1410 kWh | £1,033 | £141 | £1,174 | £17,457 | 14.9 yrs | £6,028 |
| 7 kW | 6091 kWh | 4447 kWh | 1645 kWh | £1,206 | £164 | £1,370 | £19,492 | 14.2 yrs | £7,908 |
| 8 kW | 6962 kWh | 5082 kWh | 1880 kWh | £1,378 | £188 | £1,566 | £21,526 | 13.7 yrs | £9,788 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £993, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 17.3 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1740 kWh | 1305 kWh | 435 kWh | £354 | £44 | £397 | £11,069 | 27.9 yrs | £-3,121 |
| 3 kW | 2611 kWh | 1958 kWh | 653 kWh | £531 | £65 | £596 | £13,104 | 22.0 yrs | £-1,182 |
| 4 kW | 3481 kWh | 2611 kWh | 870 kWh | £708 | £87 | £795 | £15,138 | 19.0 yrs | £757 |
| 5 kW | 4351 kWh | 3263 kWh | 1088 kWh | £885 | £109 | £993 | £17,173 | 17.3 yrs | £2,697 |
| 6 kW | 5221 kWh | 3916 kWh | 1305 kWh | £1,062 | £131 | £1,192 | £19,207 | 16.1 yrs | £4,636 |
| 7 kW | 6091 kWh | 4569 kWh | 1523 kWh | £1,239 | £152 | £1,391 | £21,242 | 15.3 yrs | £6,575 |
| 8 kW | 6962 kWh | 5221 kWh | 1740 kWh | £1,415 | £174 | £1,590 | £23,276 | 14.6 yrs | £8,514 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,008, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 19.5 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1740 kWh | 1340 kWh | 400 kWh | £363 | £40 | £403 | £13,519 | 33.5 yrs | £-5,452 |
| 3 kW | 2611 kWh | 2010 kWh | 600 kWh | £545 | £60 | £605 | £15,554 | 25.7 yrs | £-3,453 |
| 4 kW | 3481 kWh | 2680 kWh | 801 kWh | £727 | £80 | £807 | £17,588 | 21.8 yrs | £-1,455 |
| 5 kW | 4351 kWh | 3350 kWh | 1001 kWh | £908 | £100 | £1,008 | £19,623 | 19.5 yrs | £544 |
| 6 kW | 5221 kWh | 4020 kWh | 1201 kWh | £1,090 | £120 | £1,210 | £21,657 | 17.9 yrs | £2,543 |
| 7 kW | 6091 kWh | 4690 kWh | 1401 kWh | £1,272 | £140 | £1,412 | £23,692 | 16.8 yrs | £4,542 |
| 8 kW | 6962 kWh | 5360 kWh | 1601 kWh | £1,453 | £160 | £1,613 | £25,726 | 15.9 yrs | £6,541 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.