A typical roof here lands around 3.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 1075 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 26.5p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £891, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 11.4 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2149 kWh | 860 kWh | 1289 kWh | £228 | £129 | £357 | £4,069 | 11.4 yrs | £3,062 |
| 3 kW | 3224 kWh | 1289 kWh | 1934 kWh | £341 | £193 | £535 | £6,104 | 11.4 yrs | £4,594 |
| 4 kW | 4298 kWh | 1719 kWh | 2579 kWh | £455 | £258 | £713 | £8,138 | 11.4 yrs | £6,125 |
| 5 kW | 5373 kWh | 2149 kWh | 3224 kWh | £569 | £322 | £891 | £10,173 | 11.4 yrs | £7,656 |
| 6 kW | 6447 kWh | 2579 kWh | 3868 kWh | £683 | £387 | £1,070 | £12,207 | 11.4 yrs | £9,187 |
| 7 kW | 7522 kWh | 3009 kWh | 4513 kWh | £797 | £451 | £1,248 | £14,242 | 11.4 yrs | £10,718 |
| 8 kW | 8596 kWh | 3438 kWh | 5158 kWh | £911 | £516 | £1,426 | £16,276 | 11.4 yrs | £12,249 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,069, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 11.5 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2149 kWh | 1289 kWh | 860 kWh | £341 | £86 | £427 | £6,169 | 14.4 yrs | £2,379 |
| 3 kW | 3224 kWh | 1934 kWh | 1289 kWh | £512 | £129 | £641 | £8,204 | 12.8 yrs | £4,619 |
| 4 kW | 4298 kWh | 2579 kWh | 1719 kWh | £683 | £172 | £855 | £10,238 | 12.0 yrs | £6,858 |
| 5 kW | 5373 kWh | 3224 kWh | 2149 kWh | £854 | £215 | £1,069 | £12,273 | 11.5 yrs | £9,098 |
| 6 kW | 6447 kWh | 3868 kWh | 2579 kWh | £1,024 | £258 | £1,282 | £14,307 | 11.2 yrs | £11,337 |
| 7 kW | 7522 kWh | 4513 kWh | 3009 kWh | £1,195 | £301 | £1,496 | £16,342 | 10.9 yrs | £13,577 |
| 8 kW | 8596 kWh | 5158 kWh | 3438 kWh | £1,366 | £344 | £1,710 | £18,376 | 10.7 yrs | £15,816 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,157, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 11.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2149 kWh | 1504 kWh | 645 kWh | £398 | £64 | £463 | £7,569 | 16.4 yrs | £1,687 |
| 3 kW | 3224 kWh | 2256 kWh | 967 kWh | £598 | £97 | £694 | £9,604 | 13.8 yrs | £4,281 |
| 4 kW | 4298 kWh | 3009 kWh | 1289 kWh | £797 | £129 | £926 | £11,638 | 12.6 yrs | £6,875 |
| 5 kW | 5373 kWh | 3761 kWh | 1612 kWh | £996 | £161 | £1,157 | £13,673 | 11.8 yrs | £9,468 |
| 6 kW | 6447 kWh | 4513 kWh | 1934 kWh | £1,195 | £193 | £1,388 | £15,707 | 11.3 yrs | £12,062 |
| 7 kW | 7522 kWh | 5265 kWh | 2256 kWh | £1,394 | £226 | £1,620 | £17,742 | 11.0 yrs | £14,656 |
| 8 kW | 8596 kWh | 6017 kWh | 2579 kWh | £1,593 | £258 | £1,851 | £19,776 | 10.7 yrs | £17,249 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,184, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 13.0 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2149 kWh | 1569 kWh | 580 kWh | £415 | £58 | £473 | £9,319 | 19.7 yrs | £150 |
| 3 kW | 3224 kWh | 2353 kWh | 870 kWh | £623 | £87 | £710 | £11,354 | 16.0 yrs | £2,850 |
| 4 kW | 4298 kWh | 3138 kWh | 1160 kWh | £831 | £116 | £947 | £13,388 | 14.1 yrs | £5,550 |
| 5 kW | 5373 kWh | 3922 kWh | 1451 kWh | £1,039 | £145 | £1,184 | £15,423 | 13.0 yrs | £8,250 |
| 6 kW | 6447 kWh | 4706 kWh | 1741 kWh | £1,246 | £174 | £1,420 | £17,457 | 12.3 yrs | £10,949 |
| 7 kW | 7522 kWh | 5491 kWh | 2031 kWh | £1,454 | £203 | £1,657 | £19,492 | 11.8 yrs | £13,649 |
| 8 kW | 8596 kWh | 6275 kWh | 2321 kWh | £1,662 | £232 | £1,894 | £21,526 | 11.4 yrs | £16,349 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,201, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 14.3 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2149 kWh | 1612 kWh | 537 kWh | £427 | £54 | £481 | £11,069 | 23.0 yrs | £-1,459 |
| 3 kW | 3224 kWh | 2418 kWh | 806 kWh | £640 | £81 | £721 | £13,104 | 18.2 yrs | £1,312 |
| 4 kW | 4298 kWh | 3224 kWh | 1075 kWh | £854 | £107 | £961 | £15,138 | 15.8 yrs | £4,083 |
| 5 kW | 5373 kWh | 4029 kWh | 1343 kWh | £1,067 | £134 | £1,201 | £17,173 | 14.3 yrs | £6,854 |
| 6 kW | 6447 kWh | 4835 kWh | 1612 kWh | £1,280 | £161 | £1,442 | £19,207 | 13.3 yrs | £9,624 |
| 7 kW | 7522 kWh | 5641 kWh | 1880 kWh | £1,494 | £188 | £1,682 | £21,242 | 12.6 yrs | £12,395 |
| 8 kW | 8596 kWh | 6447 kWh | 2149 kWh | £1,707 | £215 | £1,922 | £23,276 | 12.1 yrs | £15,166 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,219, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 16.1 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2149 kWh | 1655 kWh | 494 kWh | £438 | £49 | £488 | £13,519 | 27.7 yrs | £-3,767 |
| 3 kW | 3224 kWh | 2482 kWh | 741 kWh | £657 | £74 | £731 | £15,554 | 21.3 yrs | £-925 |
| 4 kW | 4298 kWh | 3310 kWh | 989 kWh | £876 | £99 | £975 | £17,588 | 18.0 yrs | £1,916 |
| 5 kW | 5373 kWh | 4137 kWh | 1236 kWh | £1,095 | £124 | £1,219 | £19,623 | 16.1 yrs | £4,758 |
| 6 kW | 6447 kWh | 4964 kWh | 1483 kWh | £1,315 | £148 | £1,463 | £21,657 | 14.8 yrs | £7,599 |
| 7 kW | 7522 kWh | 5792 kWh | 1730 kWh | £1,534 | £173 | £1,707 | £23,692 | 13.9 yrs | £10,441 |
| 8 kW | 8596 kWh | 6619 kWh | 1977 kWh | £1,753 | £198 | £1,950 | £25,726 | 13.2 yrs | £13,283 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.