A typical roof here lands around 4.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 845 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 27.1p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £712, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 14.3 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1691 kWh | 676 kWh | 1014 kWh | £183 | £101 | £285 | £4,069 | 14.3 yrs | £1,626 |
| 3 kW | 2536 kWh | 1014 kWh | 1522 kWh | £275 | £152 | £427 | £6,104 | 14.3 yrs | £2,440 |
| 4 kW | 3381 kWh | 1353 kWh | 2029 kWh | £367 | £203 | £570 | £8,138 | 14.3 yrs | £3,253 |
| 5 kW | 4227 kWh | 1691 kWh | 2536 kWh | £458 | £254 | £712 | £10,173 | 14.3 yrs | £4,066 |
| 6 kW | 5072 kWh | 2029 kWh | 3043 kWh | £550 | £304 | £854 | £12,207 | 14.3 yrs | £4,879 |
| 7 kW | 5917 kWh | 2367 kWh | 3550 kWh | £642 | £355 | £997 | £14,242 | 14.3 yrs | £5,692 |
| 8 kW | 6763 kWh | 2705 kWh | 4058 kWh | £733 | £406 | £1,139 | £16,276 | 14.3 yrs | £6,506 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £857, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 14.3 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1691 kWh | 1014 kWh | 676 kWh | £275 | £68 | £343 | £6,169 | 18.0 yrs | £683 |
| 3 kW | 2536 kWh | 1522 kWh | 1014 kWh | £412 | £101 | £514 | £8,204 | 16.0 yrs | £2,075 |
| 4 kW | 3381 kWh | 2029 kWh | 1353 kWh | £550 | £135 | £685 | £10,238 | 14.9 yrs | £3,467 |
| 5 kW | 4227 kWh | 2536 kWh | 1691 kWh | £687 | £169 | £857 | £12,273 | 14.3 yrs | £4,859 |
| 6 kW | 5072 kWh | 3043 kWh | 2029 kWh | £825 | £203 | £1,028 | £14,307 | 13.9 yrs | £6,250 |
| 7 kW | 5917 kWh | 3550 kWh | 2367 kWh | £962 | £237 | £1,199 | £16,342 | 13.6 yrs | £7,642 |
| 8 kW | 6763 kWh | 4058 kWh | 2705 kWh | £1,100 | £271 | £1,371 | £18,376 | 13.4 yrs | £9,034 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £929, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 14.7 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1691 kWh | 1183 kWh | 507 kWh | £321 | £51 | £372 | £7,569 | 20.4 yrs | £-138 |
| 3 kW | 2536 kWh | 1775 kWh | 761 kWh | £481 | £76 | £557 | £9,604 | 17.2 yrs | £1,543 |
| 4 kW | 3381 kWh | 2367 kWh | 1014 kWh | £642 | £101 | £743 | £11,638 | 15.7 yrs | £3,224 |
| 5 kW | 4227 kWh | 2959 kWh | 1268 kWh | £802 | £127 | £929 | £13,673 | 14.7 yrs | £4,905 |
| 6 kW | 5072 kWh | 3550 kWh | 1522 kWh | £962 | £152 | £1,115 | £15,707 | 14.1 yrs | £6,586 |
| 7 kW | 5917 kWh | 4142 kWh | 1775 kWh | £1,123 | £178 | £1,300 | £17,742 | 13.6 yrs | £8,267 |
| 8 kW | 6763 kWh | 4734 kWh | 2029 kWh | £1,283 | £203 | £1,486 | £19,776 | 13.3 yrs | £9,948 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £951, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 16.2 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1691 kWh | 1234 kWh | 456 kWh | £335 | £46 | £380 | £9,319 | 24.5 yrs | £-1,714 |
| 3 kW | 2536 kWh | 1851 kWh | 685 kWh | £502 | £68 | £570 | £11,354 | 19.9 yrs | £53 |
| 4 kW | 3381 kWh | 2468 kWh | 913 kWh | £669 | £91 | £760 | £13,388 | 17.6 yrs | £1,821 |
| 5 kW | 4227 kWh | 3085 kWh | 1141 kWh | £836 | £114 | £951 | £15,423 | 16.2 yrs | £3,589 |
| 6 kW | 5072 kWh | 3703 kWh | 1369 kWh | £1,004 | £137 | £1,141 | £17,457 | 15.3 yrs | £5,357 |
| 7 kW | 5917 kWh | 4320 kWh | 1598 kWh | £1,171 | £160 | £1,331 | £19,492 | 14.6 yrs | £7,125 |
| 8 kW | 6763 kWh | 4937 kWh | 1826 kWh | £1,338 | £183 | £1,521 | £21,526 | 14.2 yrs | £8,892 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £965, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 17.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1691 kWh | 1268 kWh | 423 kWh | £344 | £42 | £386 | £11,069 | 28.7 yrs | £-3,349 |
| 3 kW | 2536 kWh | 1902 kWh | 634 kWh | £516 | £63 | £579 | £13,104 | 22.6 yrs | £-1,523 |
| 4 kW | 3381 kWh | 2536 kWh | 845 kWh | £687 | £85 | £772 | £15,138 | 19.6 yrs | £303 |
| 5 kW | 4227 kWh | 3170 kWh | 1057 kWh | £859 | £106 | £965 | £17,173 | 17.8 yrs | £2,128 |
| 6 kW | 5072 kWh | 3804 kWh | 1268 kWh | £1,031 | £127 | £1,158 | £19,207 | 16.6 yrs | £3,954 |
| 7 kW | 5917 kWh | 4438 kWh | 1479 kWh | £1,203 | £148 | £1,351 | £21,242 | 15.7 yrs | £5,780 |
| 8 kW | 6763 kWh | 5072 kWh | 1691 kWh | £1,375 | £169 | £1,544 | £23,276 | 15.1 yrs | £7,605 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £980, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 20.0 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1691 kWh | 1302 kWh | 389 kWh | £353 | £39 | £392 | £13,519 | 34.5 yrs | £-5,683 |
| 3 kW | 2536 kWh | 1953 kWh | 583 kWh | £529 | £58 | £588 | £15,554 | 26.5 yrs | £-3,800 |
| 4 kW | 3381 kWh | 2604 kWh | 778 kWh | £706 | £78 | £784 | £17,588 | 22.4 yrs | £-1,916 |
| 5 kW | 4227 kWh | 3254 kWh | 972 kWh | £882 | £97 | £980 | £19,623 | 20.0 yrs | £-33 |
| 6 kW | 5072 kWh | 3905 kWh | 1167 kWh | £1,059 | £117 | £1,175 | £21,657 | 18.4 yrs | £1,851 |
| 7 kW | 5917 kWh | 4556 kWh | 1361 kWh | £1,235 | £136 | £1,371 | £23,692 | 17.3 yrs | £3,734 |
| 8 kW | 6763 kWh | 5207 kWh | 1555 kWh | £1,412 | £156 | £1,567 | £25,726 | 16.4 yrs | £5,618 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.