A typical roof here lands around 5.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 846 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 27.1p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £712, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 14.3 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1691 kWh | 676 kWh | 1015 kWh | £183 | £101 | £285 | £4,069 | 14.3 yrs | £1,628 |
| 3 kW | 2537 kWh | 1015 kWh | 1522 kWh | £275 | £152 | £427 | £6,104 | 14.3 yrs | £2,442 |
| 4 kW | 3382 kWh | 1353 kWh | 2029 kWh | £367 | £203 | £570 | £8,138 | 14.3 yrs | £3,256 |
| 5 kW | 4228 kWh | 1691 kWh | 2537 kWh | £458 | £254 | £712 | £10,173 | 14.3 yrs | £4,070 |
| 6 kW | 5073 kWh | 2029 kWh | 3044 kWh | £550 | £304 | £855 | £12,207 | 14.3 yrs | £4,884 |
| 7 kW | 5919 kWh | 2368 kWh | 3551 kWh | £642 | £355 | £997 | £14,242 | 14.3 yrs | £5,699 |
| 8 kW | 6765 kWh | 2706 kWh | 4059 kWh | £734 | £406 | £1,139 | £16,276 | 14.3 yrs | £6,513 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £857, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 14.3 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1691 kWh | 1015 kWh | 676 kWh | £275 | £68 | £343 | £6,169 | 18.0 yrs | £686 |
| 3 kW | 2537 kWh | 1522 kWh | 1015 kWh | £413 | £101 | £514 | £8,204 | 16.0 yrs | £2,078 |
| 4 kW | 3382 kWh | 2029 kWh | 1353 kWh | £550 | £135 | £685 | £10,238 | 14.9 yrs | £3,471 |
| 5 kW | 4228 kWh | 2537 kWh | 1691 kWh | £688 | £169 | £857 | £12,273 | 14.3 yrs | £4,864 |
| 6 kW | 5073 kWh | 3044 kWh | 2029 kWh | £825 | £203 | £1,028 | £14,307 | 13.9 yrs | £6,257 |
| 7 kW | 5919 kWh | 3551 kWh | 2368 kWh | £963 | £237 | £1,200 | £16,342 | 13.6 yrs | £7,650 |
| 8 kW | 6765 kWh | 4059 kWh | 2706 kWh | £1,100 | £271 | £1,371 | £18,376 | 13.4 yrs | £9,042 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £929, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 14.7 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1691 kWh | 1184 kWh | 507 kWh | £321 | £51 | £372 | £7,569 | 20.4 yrs | £-136 |
| 3 kW | 2537 kWh | 1776 kWh | 761 kWh | £481 | £76 | £557 | £9,604 | 17.2 yrs | £1,546 |
| 4 kW | 3382 kWh | 2368 kWh | 1015 kWh | £642 | £101 | £743 | £11,638 | 15.7 yrs | £3,229 |
| 5 kW | 4228 kWh | 2960 kWh | 1268 kWh | £802 | £127 | £929 | £13,673 | 14.7 yrs | £4,911 |
| 6 kW | 5073 kWh | 3551 kWh | 1522 kWh | £963 | £152 | £1,115 | £15,707 | 14.1 yrs | £6,593 |
| 7 kW | 5919 kWh | 4143 kWh | 1776 kWh | £1,123 | £178 | £1,301 | £17,742 | 13.6 yrs | £8,275 |
| 8 kW | 6765 kWh | 4735 kWh | 2029 kWh | £1,284 | £203 | £1,487 | £19,776 | 13.3 yrs | £9,957 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £951, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 16.2 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1691 kWh | 1235 kWh | 457 kWh | £335 | £46 | £380 | £9,319 | 24.5 yrs | £-1,712 |
| 3 kW | 2537 kWh | 1852 kWh | 685 kWh | £502 | £68 | £571 | £11,354 | 19.9 yrs | £57 |
| 4 kW | 3382 kWh | 2469 kWh | 913 kWh | £669 | £91 | £761 | £13,388 | 17.6 yrs | £1,826 |
| 5 kW | 4228 kWh | 3086 kWh | 1142 kWh | £837 | £114 | £951 | £15,423 | 16.2 yrs | £3,595 |
| 6 kW | 5073 kWh | 3704 kWh | 1370 kWh | £1,004 | £137 | £1,141 | £17,457 | 15.3 yrs | £5,364 |
| 7 kW | 5919 kWh | 4321 kWh | 1598 kWh | £1,171 | £160 | £1,331 | £19,492 | 14.6 yrs | £7,133 |
| 8 kW | 6765 kWh | 4938 kWh | 1826 kWh | £1,339 | £183 | £1,521 | £21,526 | 14.1 yrs | £8,902 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £965, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 17.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1691 kWh | 1268 kWh | 423 kWh | £344 | £42 | £386 | £11,069 | 28.7 yrs | £-3,346 |
| 3 kW | 2537 kWh | 1903 kWh | 634 kWh | £516 | £63 | £579 | £13,104 | 22.6 yrs | £-1,520 |
| 4 kW | 3382 kWh | 2537 kWh | 846 kWh | £688 | £85 | £772 | £15,138 | 19.6 yrs | £307 |
| 5 kW | 4228 kWh | 3171 kWh | 1057 kWh | £860 | £106 | £965 | £17,173 | 17.8 yrs | £2,134 |
| 6 kW | 5073 kWh | 3805 kWh | 1268 kWh | £1,032 | £127 | £1,158 | £19,207 | 16.6 yrs | £3,961 |
| 7 kW | 5919 kWh | 4439 kWh | 1480 kWh | £1,203 | £148 | £1,351 | £21,242 | 15.7 yrs | £5,788 |
| 8 kW | 6765 kWh | 5073 kWh | 1691 kWh | £1,375 | £169 | £1,545 | £23,276 | 15.1 yrs | £7,615 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £980, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 20.0 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1691 kWh | 1302 kWh | 389 kWh | £353 | £39 | £392 | £13,519 | 34.5 yrs | £-5,681 |
| 3 kW | 2537 kWh | 1953 kWh | 583 kWh | £530 | £58 | £588 | £15,554 | 26.5 yrs | £-3,796 |
| 4 kW | 3382 kWh | 2604 kWh | 778 kWh | £706 | £78 | £784 | £17,588 | 22.4 yrs | £-1,911 |
| 5 kW | 4228 kWh | 3255 kWh | 972 kWh | £883 | £97 | £980 | £19,623 | 20.0 yrs | £-26 |
| 6 kW | 5073 kWh | 3907 kWh | 1167 kWh | £1,059 | £117 | £1,176 | £21,657 | 18.4 yrs | £1,858 |
| 7 kW | 5919 kWh | 4558 kWh | 1361 kWh | £1,236 | £136 | £1,372 | £23,692 | 17.3 yrs | £3,743 |
| 8 kW | 6765 kWh | 5209 kWh | 1556 kWh | £1,412 | £156 | £1,568 | £25,726 | 16.4 yrs | £5,628 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.