A typical roof here lands around 5.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 836 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 27.1p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £704, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 14.5 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1671 kWh | 669 kWh | 1003 kWh | £181 | £100 | £282 | £4,069 | 14.5 yrs | £1,561 |
| 3 kW | 2507 kWh | 1003 kWh | 1504 kWh | £272 | £150 | £422 | £6,104 | 14.5 yrs | £2,342 |
| 4 kW | 3343 kWh | 1337 kWh | 2006 kWh | £362 | £201 | £563 | £8,138 | 14.5 yrs | £3,123 |
| 5 kW | 4178 kWh | 1671 kWh | 2507 kWh | £453 | £251 | £704 | £10,173 | 14.5 yrs | £3,903 |
| 6 kW | 5014 kWh | 2006 kWh | 3008 kWh | £544 | £301 | £845 | £12,207 | 14.5 yrs | £4,684 |
| 7 kW | 5850 kWh | 2340 kWh | 3510 kWh | £634 | £351 | £985 | £14,242 | 14.5 yrs | £5,464 |
| 8 kW | 6685 kWh | 2674 kWh | 4011 kWh | £725 | £401 | £1,126 | £16,276 | 14.5 yrs | £6,245 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £847, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 14.5 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1671 kWh | 1003 kWh | 669 kWh | £272 | £67 | £339 | £6,169 | 18.2 yrs | £605 |
| 3 kW | 2507 kWh | 1504 kWh | 1003 kWh | £408 | £100 | £508 | £8,204 | 16.1 yrs | £1,958 |
| 4 kW | 3343 kWh | 2006 kWh | 1337 kWh | £544 | £134 | £677 | £10,238 | 15.1 yrs | £3,310 |
| 5 kW | 4178 kWh | 2507 kWh | 1671 kWh | £680 | £167 | £847 | £12,273 | 14.5 yrs | £4,663 |
| 6 kW | 5014 kWh | 3008 kWh | 2006 kWh | £816 | £201 | £1,016 | £14,307 | 14.1 yrs | £6,015 |
| 7 kW | 5850 kWh | 3510 kWh | 2340 kWh | £951 | £234 | £1,185 | £16,342 | 13.8 yrs | £7,368 |
| 8 kW | 6685 kWh | 4011 kWh | 2674 kWh | £1,087 | £267 | £1,355 | £18,376 | 13.6 yrs | £8,720 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £918, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 14.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1671 kWh | 1170 kWh | 501 kWh | £317 | £50 | £367 | £7,569 | 20.6 yrs | £-223 |
| 3 kW | 2507 kWh | 1755 kWh | 752 kWh | £476 | £75 | £551 | £9,604 | 17.4 yrs | £1,416 |
| 4 kW | 3343 kWh | 2340 kWh | 1003 kWh | £634 | £100 | £735 | £11,638 | 15.8 yrs | £3,054 |
| 5 kW | 4178 kWh | 2925 kWh | 1253 kWh | £793 | £125 | £918 | £13,673 | 14.9 yrs | £4,693 |
| 6 kW | 5014 kWh | 3510 kWh | 1504 kWh | £951 | £150 | £1,102 | £15,707 | 14.3 yrs | £6,331 |
| 7 kW | 5850 kWh | 4095 kWh | 1755 kWh | £1,110 | £175 | £1,286 | £17,742 | 13.8 yrs | £7,970 |
| 8 kW | 6685 kWh | 4680 kWh | 2006 kWh | £1,269 | £201 | £1,469 | £19,776 | 13.5 yrs | £9,608 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £940, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 16.4 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1671 kWh | 1220 kWh | 451 kWh | £331 | £45 | £376 | £9,319 | 24.8 yrs | £-1,801 |
| 3 kW | 2507 kWh | 1830 kWh | 677 kWh | £496 | £68 | £564 | £11,354 | 20.1 yrs | £-77 |
| 4 kW | 3343 kWh | 2440 kWh | 903 kWh | £662 | £90 | £752 | £13,388 | 17.8 yrs | £1,647 |
| 5 kW | 4178 kWh | 3050 kWh | 1128 kWh | £827 | £113 | £940 | £15,423 | 16.4 yrs | £3,371 |
| 6 kW | 5014 kWh | 3660 kWh | 1354 kWh | £992 | £135 | £1,128 | £17,457 | 15.5 yrs | £5,096 |
| 7 kW | 5850 kWh | 4270 kWh | 1579 kWh | £1,158 | £158 | £1,316 | £19,492 | 14.8 yrs | £6,820 |
| 8 kW | 6685 kWh | 4880 kWh | 1805 kWh | £1,323 | £181 | £1,504 | £21,526 | 14.3 yrs | £8,544 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £954, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 18.0 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1671 kWh | 1253 kWh | 418 kWh | £340 | £42 | £382 | £11,069 | 29.0 yrs | £-3,437 |
| 3 kW | 2507 kWh | 1880 kWh | 627 kWh | £510 | £63 | £572 | £13,104 | 22.9 yrs | £-1,656 |
| 4 kW | 3343 kWh | 2507 kWh | 836 kWh | £680 | £84 | £763 | £15,138 | 19.8 yrs | £126 |
| 5 kW | 4178 kWh | 3134 kWh | 1045 kWh | £850 | £104 | £954 | £17,173 | 18.0 yrs | £1,907 |
| 6 kW | 5014 kWh | 3760 kWh | 1253 kWh | £1,019 | £125 | £1,145 | £19,207 | 16.8 yrs | £3,689 |
| 7 kW | 5850 kWh | 4387 kWh | 1462 kWh | £1,189 | £146 | £1,336 | £21,242 | 15.9 yrs | £5,470 |
| 8 kW | 6685 kWh | 5014 kWh | 1671 kWh | £1,359 | £167 | £1,526 | £23,276 | 15.2 yrs | £7,252 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £968, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 20.3 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1671 kWh | 1287 kWh | 384 kWh | £349 | £38 | £387 | £13,519 | 34.9 yrs | £-5,773 |
| 3 kW | 2507 kWh | 1930 kWh | 577 kWh | £523 | £58 | £581 | £15,554 | 26.8 yrs | £-3,934 |
| 4 kW | 3343 kWh | 2574 kWh | 769 kWh | £698 | £77 | £775 | £17,588 | 22.7 yrs | £-2,095 |
| 5 kW | 4178 kWh | 3217 kWh | 961 kWh | £872 | £96 | £968 | £19,623 | 20.3 yrs | £-257 |
| 6 kW | 5014 kWh | 3861 kWh | 1153 kWh | £1,047 | £115 | £1,162 | £21,657 | 18.6 yrs | £1,582 |
| 7 kW | 5850 kWh | 4504 kWh | 1345 kWh | £1,221 | £135 | £1,356 | £23,692 | 17.5 yrs | £3,421 |
| 8 kW | 6685 kWh | 5148 kWh | 1538 kWh | £1,396 | £154 | £1,549 | £25,726 | 16.6 yrs | £5,259 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.