A typical roof here lands around 5.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 855 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 27.1p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £720, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 14.1 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1710 kWh | 684 kWh | 1026 kWh | £185 | £103 | £288 | £4,069 | 14.1 yrs | £1,690 |
| 3 kW | 2564 kWh | 1026 kWh | 1539 kWh | £278 | £154 | £432 | £6,104 | 14.1 yrs | £2,536 |
| 4 kW | 3419 kWh | 1368 kWh | 2052 kWh | £371 | £205 | £576 | £8,138 | 14.1 yrs | £3,381 |
| 5 kW | 4274 kWh | 1710 kWh | 2564 kWh | £463 | £256 | £720 | £10,173 | 14.1 yrs | £4,226 |
| 6 kW | 5129 kWh | 2052 kWh | 3077 kWh | £556 | £308 | £864 | £12,207 | 14.1 yrs | £5,071 |
| 7 kW | 5984 kWh | 2394 kWh | 3590 kWh | £649 | £359 | £1,008 | £14,242 | 14.1 yrs | £5,917 |
| 8 kW | 6839 kWh | 2735 kWh | 4103 kWh | £742 | £410 | £1,152 | £16,276 | 14.1 yrs | £6,762 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £866, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 14.2 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1710 kWh | 1026 kWh | 684 kWh | £278 | £68 | £346 | £6,169 | 17.8 yrs | £761 |
| 3 kW | 2564 kWh | 1539 kWh | 1026 kWh | £417 | £103 | £520 | £8,204 | 15.8 yrs | £2,191 |
| 4 kW | 3419 kWh | 2052 kWh | 1368 kWh | £556 | £137 | £693 | £10,238 | 14.8 yrs | £3,621 |
| 5 kW | 4274 kWh | 2564 kWh | 1710 kWh | £695 | £171 | £866 | £12,273 | 14.2 yrs | £5,051 |
| 6 kW | 5129 kWh | 3077 kWh | 2052 kWh | £834 | £205 | £1,039 | £14,307 | 13.8 yrs | £6,482 |
| 7 kW | 5984 kWh | 3590 kWh | 2394 kWh | £973 | £239 | £1,213 | £16,342 | 13.5 yrs | £7,912 |
| 8 kW | 6839 kWh | 4103 kWh | 2735 kWh | £1,112 | £274 | £1,386 | £18,376 | 13.3 yrs | £9,342 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £939, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 14.6 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1710 kWh | 1197 kWh | 513 kWh | £324 | £51 | £376 | £7,569 | 20.1 yrs | £-54 |
| 3 kW | 2564 kWh | 1795 kWh | 769 kWh | £487 | £77 | £564 | £9,604 | 17.0 yrs | £1,668 |
| 4 kW | 3419 kWh | 2394 kWh | 1026 kWh | £649 | £103 | £751 | £11,638 | 15.5 yrs | £3,391 |
| 5 kW | 4274 kWh | 2992 kWh | 1282 kWh | £811 | £128 | £939 | £13,673 | 14.6 yrs | £5,114 |
| 6 kW | 5129 kWh | 3590 kWh | 1539 kWh | £973 | £154 | £1,127 | £15,707 | 13.9 yrs | £6,837 |
| 7 kW | 5984 kWh | 4189 kWh | 1795 kWh | £1,136 | £180 | £1,315 | £17,742 | 13.5 yrs | £8,560 |
| 8 kW | 6839 kWh | 4787 kWh | 2052 kWh | £1,298 | £205 | £1,503 | £19,776 | 13.2 yrs | £10,282 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £961, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 16.0 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1710 kWh | 1248 kWh | 462 kWh | £338 | £46 | £385 | £9,319 | 24.2 yrs | £-1,629 |
| 3 kW | 2564 kWh | 1872 kWh | 692 kWh | £508 | £69 | £577 | £11,354 | 19.7 yrs | £182 |
| 4 kW | 3419 kWh | 2496 kWh | 923 kWh | £677 | £92 | £769 | £13,388 | 17.4 yrs | £1,992 |
| 5 kW | 4274 kWh | 3120 kWh | 1154 kWh | £846 | £115 | £961 | £15,423 | 16.0 yrs | £3,803 |
| 6 kW | 5129 kWh | 3744 kWh | 1385 kWh | £1,015 | £138 | £1,154 | £17,457 | 15.1 yrs | £5,613 |
| 7 kW | 5984 kWh | 4368 kWh | 1616 kWh | £1,184 | £162 | £1,346 | £19,492 | 14.5 yrs | £7,424 |
| 8 kW | 6839 kWh | 4992 kWh | 1846 kWh | £1,353 | £185 | £1,538 | £21,526 | 14.0 yrs | £9,235 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £976, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 17.6 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1710 kWh | 1282 kWh | 427 kWh | £348 | £43 | £390 | £11,069 | 28.4 yrs | £-3,262 |
| 3 kW | 2564 kWh | 1923 kWh | 641 kWh | £521 | £64 | £586 | £13,104 | 22.4 yrs | £-1,393 |
| 4 kW | 3419 kWh | 2564 kWh | 855 kWh | £695 | £85 | £781 | £15,138 | 19.4 yrs | £476 |
| 5 kW | 4274 kWh | 3206 kWh | 1069 kWh | £869 | £107 | £976 | £17,173 | 17.6 yrs | £2,345 |
| 6 kW | 5129 kWh | 3847 kWh | 1282 kWh | £1,043 | £128 | £1,171 | £19,207 | 16.4 yrs | £4,214 |
| 7 kW | 5984 kWh | 4488 kWh | 1496 kWh | £1,217 | £150 | £1,366 | £21,242 | 15.5 yrs | £6,083 |
| 8 kW | 6839 kWh | 5129 kWh | 1710 kWh | £1,390 | £171 | £1,561 | £23,276 | 14.9 yrs | £7,953 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £991, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 19.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1710 kWh | 1316 kWh | 393 kWh | £357 | £39 | £396 | £13,519 | 34.1 yrs | £-5,595 |
| 3 kW | 2564 kWh | 1975 kWh | 590 kWh | £535 | £59 | £594 | £15,554 | 26.2 yrs | £-3,667 |
| 4 kW | 3419 kWh | 2633 kWh | 786 kWh | £714 | £79 | £792 | £17,588 | 22.2 yrs | £-1,740 |
| 5 kW | 4274 kWh | 3291 kWh | 983 kWh | £892 | £98 | £991 | £19,623 | 19.8 yrs | £188 |
| 6 kW | 5129 kWh | 3949 kWh | 1180 kWh | £1,071 | £118 | £1,189 | £21,657 | 18.2 yrs | £2,115 |
| 7 kW | 5984 kWh | 4608 kWh | 1376 kWh | £1,249 | £138 | £1,387 | £23,692 | 17.1 yrs | £4,043 |
| 8 kW | 6839 kWh | 5266 kWh | 1573 kWh | £1,428 | £157 | £1,585 | £25,726 | 16.2 yrs | £5,971 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.