A typical roof here lands around 4.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 848 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 27.1p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £715, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 14.2 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1697 kWh | 679 kWh | 1018 kWh | £184 | £102 | £286 | £4,069 | 14.2 yrs | £1,647 |
| 3 kW | 2545 kWh | 1018 kWh | 1527 kWh | £276 | £153 | £429 | £6,104 | 14.2 yrs | £2,471 |
| 4 kW | 3394 kWh | 1357 kWh | 2036 kWh | £368 | £204 | £572 | £8,138 | 14.2 yrs | £3,294 |
| 5 kW | 4242 kWh | 1697 kWh | 2545 kWh | £460 | £255 | £715 | £10,173 | 14.2 yrs | £4,118 |
| 6 kW | 5090 kWh | 2036 kWh | 3054 kWh | £552 | £305 | £857 | £12,207 | 14.2 yrs | £4,941 |
| 7 kW | 5939 kWh | 2375 kWh | 3563 kWh | £644 | £356 | £1,000 | £14,242 | 14.2 yrs | £5,765 |
| 8 kW | 6787 kWh | 2715 kWh | 4072 kWh | £736 | £407 | £1,143 | £16,276 | 14.2 yrs | £6,588 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £860, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 14.3 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1697 kWh | 1018 kWh | 679 kWh | £276 | £68 | £344 | £6,169 | 17.9 yrs | £708 |
| 3 kW | 2545 kWh | 1527 kWh | 1018 kWh | £414 | £102 | £516 | £8,204 | 15.9 yrs | £2,112 |
| 4 kW | 3394 kWh | 2036 kWh | 1357 kWh | £552 | £136 | £688 | £10,238 | 14.9 yrs | £3,517 |
| 5 kW | 4242 kWh | 2545 kWh | 1697 kWh | £690 | £170 | £860 | £12,273 | 14.3 yrs | £4,921 |
| 6 kW | 5090 kWh | 3054 kWh | 2036 kWh | £828 | £204 | £1,032 | £14,307 | 13.9 yrs | £6,325 |
| 7 kW | 5939 kWh | 3563 kWh | 2375 kWh | £966 | £238 | £1,204 | £16,342 | 13.6 yrs | £7,729 |
| 8 kW | 6787 kWh | 4072 kWh | 2715 kWh | £1,104 | £271 | £1,375 | £18,376 | 13.4 yrs | £9,133 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £932, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 14.7 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1697 kWh | 1188 kWh | 509 kWh | £322 | £51 | £373 | £7,569 | 20.3 yrs | £-111 |
| 3 kW | 2545 kWh | 1782 kWh | 764 kWh | £483 | £76 | £559 | £9,604 | 17.2 yrs | £1,583 |
| 4 kW | 3394 kWh | 2375 kWh | 1018 kWh | £644 | £102 | £746 | £11,638 | 15.6 yrs | £3,278 |
| 5 kW | 4242 kWh | 2969 kWh | 1273 kWh | £805 | £127 | £932 | £13,673 | 14.7 yrs | £4,972 |
| 6 kW | 5090 kWh | 3563 kWh | 1527 kWh | £966 | £153 | £1,119 | £15,707 | 14.0 yrs | £6,667 |
| 7 kW | 5939 kWh | 4157 kWh | 1782 kWh | £1,127 | £178 | £1,305 | £17,742 | 13.6 yrs | £8,361 |
| 8 kW | 6787 kWh | 4751 kWh | 2036 kWh | £1,288 | £204 | £1,492 | £19,776 | 13.3 yrs | £10,056 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £954, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 16.2 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1697 kWh | 1239 kWh | 458 kWh | £336 | £46 | £382 | £9,319 | 24.4 yrs | £-1,687 |
| 3 kW | 2545 kWh | 1858 kWh | 687 kWh | £504 | £69 | £572 | £11,354 | 19.8 yrs | £95 |
| 4 kW | 3394 kWh | 2477 kWh | 916 kWh | £672 | £92 | £763 | £13,388 | 17.5 yrs | £1,876 |
| 5 kW | 4242 kWh | 3097 kWh | 1145 kWh | £839 | £115 | £954 | £15,423 | 16.2 yrs | £3,658 |
| 6 kW | 5090 kWh | 3716 kWh | 1374 kWh | £1,007 | £137 | £1,145 | £17,457 | 15.2 yrs | £5,439 |
| 7 kW | 5939 kWh | 4335 kWh | 1603 kWh | £1,175 | £160 | £1,336 | £19,492 | 14.6 yrs | £7,221 |
| 8 kW | 6787 kWh | 4955 kWh | 1833 kWh | £1,343 | £183 | £1,526 | £21,526 | 14.1 yrs | £9,002 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £969, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 17.7 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1697 kWh | 1273 kWh | 424 kWh | £345 | £42 | £387 | £11,069 | 28.6 yrs | £-3,321 |
| 3 kW | 2545 kWh | 1909 kWh | 636 kWh | £517 | £64 | £581 | £13,104 | 22.5 yrs | £-1,481 |
| 4 kW | 3394 kWh | 2545 kWh | 848 kWh | £690 | £85 | £775 | £15,138 | 19.5 yrs | £358 |
| 5 kW | 4242 kWh | 3181 kWh | 1060 kWh | £862 | £106 | £969 | £17,173 | 17.7 yrs | £2,198 |
| 6 kW | 5090 kWh | 3818 kWh | 1273 kWh | £1,035 | £127 | £1,162 | £19,207 | 16.5 yrs | £4,038 |
| 7 kW | 5939 kWh | 4454 kWh | 1485 kWh | £1,207 | £148 | £1,356 | £21,242 | 15.7 yrs | £5,877 |
| 8 kW | 6787 kWh | 5090 kWh | 1697 kWh | £1,380 | £170 | £1,550 | £23,276 | 15.0 yrs | £7,717 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £983, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 20.0 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1697 kWh | 1307 kWh | 390 kWh | £354 | £39 | £393 | £13,519 | 34.4 yrs | £-5,655 |
| 3 kW | 2545 kWh | 1960 kWh | 585 kWh | £531 | £59 | £590 | £15,554 | 26.4 yrs | £-3,757 |
| 4 kW | 3394 kWh | 2613 kWh | 781 kWh | £708 | £78 | £786 | £17,588 | 22.4 yrs | £-1,859 |
| 5 kW | 4242 kWh | 3266 kWh | 976 kWh | £885 | £98 | £983 | £19,623 | 20.0 yrs | £38 |
| 6 kW | 5090 kWh | 3920 kWh | 1171 kWh | £1,063 | £117 | £1,180 | £21,657 | 18.4 yrs | £1,936 |
| 7 kW | 5939 kWh | 4573 kWh | 1366 kWh | £1,240 | £137 | £1,376 | £23,692 | 17.2 yrs | £3,834 |
| 8 kW | 6787 kWh | 5226 kWh | 1561 kWh | £1,417 | £156 | £1,573 | £25,726 | 16.4 yrs | £5,731 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.