A typical roof here lands around 5.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 864 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 27.1p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £728, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 14.0 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1729 kWh | 692 kWh | 1037 kWh | £187 | £104 | £291 | £4,069 | 14.0 yrs | £1,755 |
| 3 kW | 2593 kWh | 1037 kWh | 1556 kWh | £281 | £156 | £437 | £6,104 | 14.0 yrs | £2,633 |
| 4 kW | 3458 kWh | 1383 kWh | 2075 kWh | £375 | £207 | £582 | £8,138 | 14.0 yrs | £3,511 |
| 5 kW | 4322 kWh | 1729 kWh | 2593 kWh | £469 | £259 | £728 | £10,173 | 14.0 yrs | £4,389 |
| 6 kW | 5187 kWh | 2075 kWh | 3112 kWh | £562 | £311 | £874 | £12,207 | 14.0 yrs | £5,266 |
| 7 kW | 6051 kWh | 2421 kWh | 3631 kWh | £656 | £363 | £1,019 | £14,242 | 14.0 yrs | £6,144 |
| 8 kW | 6916 kWh | 2766 kWh | 4149 kWh | £750 | £415 | £1,165 | £16,276 | 14.0 yrs | £7,022 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £876, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 14.0 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1729 kWh | 1037 kWh | 692 kWh | £281 | £69 | £350 | £6,169 | 17.6 yrs | £839 |
| 3 kW | 2593 kWh | 1556 kWh | 1037 kWh | £422 | £104 | £526 | £8,204 | 15.6 yrs | £2,308 |
| 4 kW | 3458 kWh | 2075 kWh | 1383 kWh | £562 | £138 | £701 | £10,238 | 14.6 yrs | £3,777 |
| 5 kW | 4322 kWh | 2593 kWh | 1729 kWh | £703 | £173 | £876 | £12,273 | 14.0 yrs | £5,247 |
| 6 kW | 5187 kWh | 3112 kWh | 2075 kWh | £844 | £207 | £1,051 | £14,307 | 13.6 yrs | £6,716 |
| 7 kW | 6051 kWh | 3631 kWh | 2421 kWh | £984 | £242 | £1,226 | £16,342 | 13.3 yrs | £8,186 |
| 8 kW | 6916 kWh | 4149 kWh | 2766 kWh | £1,125 | £277 | £1,402 | £18,376 | 13.1 yrs | £9,655 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £950, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 14.4 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1729 kWh | 1210 kWh | 519 kWh | £328 | £52 | £380 | £7,569 | 19.9 yrs | £30 |
| 3 kW | 2593 kWh | 1815 kWh | 778 kWh | £492 | £78 | £570 | £9,604 | 16.8 yrs | £1,796 |
| 4 kW | 3458 kWh | 2421 kWh | 1037 kWh | £656 | £104 | £760 | £11,638 | 15.3 yrs | £3,561 |
| 5 kW | 4322 kWh | 3026 kWh | 1297 kWh | £820 | £130 | £950 | £13,673 | 14.4 yrs | £5,326 |
| 6 kW | 5187 kWh | 3631 kWh | 1556 kWh | £984 | £156 | £1,140 | £15,707 | 13.8 yrs | £7,091 |
| 7 kW | 6051 kWh | 4236 kWh | 1815 kWh | £1,148 | £182 | £1,330 | £17,742 | 13.3 yrs | £8,856 |
| 8 kW | 6916 kWh | 4841 kWh | 2075 kWh | £1,312 | £207 | £1,520 | £19,776 | 13.0 yrs | £10,621 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £972, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 15.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1729 kWh | 1262 kWh | 467 kWh | £342 | £47 | £389 | £9,319 | 24.0 yrs | £-1,542 |
| 3 kW | 2593 kWh | 1893 kWh | 700 kWh | £513 | £70 | £583 | £11,354 | 19.5 yrs | £312 |
| 4 kW | 3458 kWh | 2524 kWh | 934 kWh | £684 | £93 | £778 | £13,388 | 17.2 yrs | £2,166 |
| 5 kW | 4322 kWh | 3155 kWh | 1167 kWh | £855 | £117 | £972 | £15,423 | 15.9 yrs | £4,020 |
| 6 kW | 5187 kWh | 3786 kWh | 1400 kWh | £1,026 | £140 | £1,167 | £17,457 | 15.0 yrs | £5,874 |
| 7 kW | 6051 kWh | 4417 kWh | 1634 kWh | £1,198 | £163 | £1,361 | £19,492 | 14.3 yrs | £7,727 |
| 8 kW | 6916 kWh | 5049 kWh | 1867 kWh | £1,369 | £187 | £1,555 | £21,526 | 13.8 yrs | £9,581 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £987, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 17.4 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1729 kWh | 1297 kWh | 432 kWh | £352 | £43 | £395 | £11,069 | 28.0 yrs | £-3,174 |
| 3 kW | 2593 kWh | 1945 kWh | 648 kWh | £527 | £65 | £592 | £13,104 | 22.1 yrs | £-1,261 |
| 4 kW | 3458 kWh | 2593 kWh | 864 kWh | £703 | £86 | £790 | £15,138 | 19.2 yrs | £652 |
| 5 kW | 4322 kWh | 3242 kWh | 1081 kWh | £879 | £108 | £987 | £17,173 | 17.4 yrs | £2,565 |
| 6 kW | 5187 kWh | 3890 kWh | 1297 kWh | £1,055 | £130 | £1,184 | £19,207 | 16.2 yrs | £4,479 |
| 7 kW | 6051 kWh | 4538 kWh | 1513 kWh | £1,230 | £151 | £1,382 | £21,242 | 15.4 yrs | £6,392 |
| 8 kW | 6916 kWh | 5187 kWh | 1729 kWh | £1,406 | £173 | £1,579 | £23,276 | 14.7 yrs | £8,305 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,002, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 19.6 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1729 kWh | 1331 kWh | 398 kWh | £361 | £40 | £401 | £13,519 | 33.7 yrs | £-5,505 |
| 3 kW | 2593 kWh | 1997 kWh | 596 kWh | £541 | £60 | £601 | £15,554 | 25.9 yrs | £-3,533 |
| 4 kW | 3458 kWh | 2663 kWh | 795 kWh | £722 | £80 | £801 | £17,588 | 21.9 yrs | £-1,561 |
| 5 kW | 4322 kWh | 3328 kWh | 994 kWh | £902 | £99 | £1,002 | £19,623 | 19.6 yrs | £411 |
| 6 kW | 5187 kWh | 3994 kWh | 1193 kWh | £1,083 | £119 | £1,202 | £21,657 | 18.0 yrs | £2,384 |
| 7 kW | 6051 kWh | 4659 kWh | 1392 kWh | £1,263 | £139 | £1,402 | £23,692 | 16.9 yrs | £4,356 |
| 8 kW | 6916 kWh | 5325 kWh | 1591 kWh | £1,444 | £159 | £1,603 | £25,726 | 16.1 yrs | £6,328 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.