A typical roof here lands around 5.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 957 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 25.6p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £778, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 13.1 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1914 kWh | 765 kWh | 1148 kWh | £196 | £115 | £311 | £4,069 | 13.1 yrs | £2,152 |
| 3 kW | 2870 kWh | 1148 kWh | 1722 kWh | £294 | £172 | £467 | £6,104 | 13.1 yrs | £3,229 |
| 4 kW | 3827 kWh | 1531 kWh | 2296 kWh | £393 | £230 | £622 | £8,138 | 13.1 yrs | £4,305 |
| 5 kW | 4784 kWh | 1914 kWh | 2870 kWh | £491 | £287 | £778 | £10,173 | 13.1 yrs | £5,381 |
| 6 kW | 5741 kWh | 2296 kWh | 3444 kWh | £589 | £344 | £933 | £12,207 | 13.1 yrs | £6,457 |
| 7 kW | 6697 kWh | 2679 kWh | 4018 kWh | £687 | £402 | £1,089 | £14,242 | 13.1 yrs | £7,533 |
| 8 kW | 7654 kWh | 3062 kWh | 4593 kWh | £785 | £459 | £1,244 | £16,276 | 13.1 yrs | £8,609 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £927, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 13.2 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1914 kWh | 1148 kWh | 765 kWh | £294 | £77 | £371 | £6,169 | 16.6 yrs | £1,249 |
| 3 kW | 2870 kWh | 1722 kWh | 1148 kWh | £442 | £115 | £556 | £8,204 | 14.7 yrs | £2,924 |
| 4 kW | 3827 kWh | 2296 kWh | 1531 kWh | £589 | £153 | £742 | £10,238 | 13.8 yrs | £4,599 |
| 5 kW | 4784 kWh | 2870 kWh | 1914 kWh | £736 | £191 | £927 | £12,273 | 13.2 yrs | £6,274 |
| 6 kW | 5741 kWh | 3444 kWh | 2296 kWh | £883 | £230 | £1,113 | £14,307 | 12.9 yrs | £7,948 |
| 7 kW | 6697 kWh | 4018 kWh | 2679 kWh | £1,030 | £268 | £1,298 | £16,342 | 12.6 yrs | £9,623 |
| 8 kW | 7654 kWh | 4593 kWh | 3062 kWh | £1,178 | £306 | £1,484 | £18,376 | 12.4 yrs | £11,298 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,002, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 13.6 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1914 kWh | 1339 kWh | 574 kWh | £343 | £57 | £401 | £7,569 | 18.9 yrs | £448 |
| 3 kW | 2870 kWh | 2009 kWh | 861 kWh | £515 | £86 | £601 | £9,604 | 16.0 yrs | £2,422 |
| 4 kW | 3827 kWh | 2679 kWh | 1148 kWh | £687 | £115 | £802 | £11,638 | 14.5 yrs | £4,396 |
| 5 kW | 4784 kWh | 3349 kWh | 1435 kWh | £859 | £144 | £1,002 | £13,673 | 13.6 yrs | £6,370 |
| 6 kW | 5741 kWh | 4018 kWh | 1722 kWh | £1,030 | £172 | £1,203 | £15,707 | 13.1 yrs | £8,344 |
| 7 kW | 6697 kWh | 4688 kWh | 2009 kWh | £1,202 | £201 | £1,403 | £17,742 | 12.6 yrs | £10,318 |
| 8 kW | 7654 kWh | 5358 kWh | 2296 kWh | £1,374 | £230 | £1,603 | £19,776 | 12.3 yrs | £12,292 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,025, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 15.1 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1914 kWh | 1397 kWh | 517 kWh | £358 | £52 | £410 | £9,319 | 22.7 yrs | £-1,122 |
| 3 kW | 2870 kWh | 2095 kWh | 775 kWh | £537 | £77 | £615 | £11,354 | 18.5 yrs | £941 |
| 4 kW | 3827 kWh | 2794 kWh | 1033 kWh | £716 | £103 | £820 | £13,388 | 16.3 yrs | £3,005 |
| 5 kW | 4784 kWh | 3492 kWh | 1292 kWh | £895 | £129 | £1,025 | £15,423 | 15.1 yrs | £5,069 |
| 6 kW | 5741 kWh | 4191 kWh | 1550 kWh | £1,074 | £155 | £1,229 | £17,457 | 14.2 yrs | £7,133 |
| 7 kW | 6697 kWh | 4889 kWh | 1808 kWh | £1,254 | £181 | £1,434 | £19,492 | 13.6 yrs | £9,197 |
| 8 kW | 7654 kWh | 5588 kWh | 2067 kWh | £1,433 | £207 | £1,639 | £21,526 | 13.1 yrs | £11,260 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,040, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 16.5 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1914 kWh | 1435 kWh | 478 kWh | £368 | £48 | £416 | £11,069 | 26.6 yrs | £-2,753 |
| 3 kW | 2870 kWh | 2153 kWh | 718 kWh | £552 | £72 | £624 | £13,104 | 21.0 yrs | £-629 |
| 4 kW | 3827 kWh | 2870 kWh | 957 kWh | £736 | £96 | £832 | £15,138 | 18.2 yrs | £1,495 |
| 5 kW | 4784 kWh | 3588 kWh | 1196 kWh | £920 | £120 | £1,040 | £17,173 | 16.5 yrs | £3,618 |
| 6 kW | 5741 kWh | 4306 kWh | 1435 kWh | £1,104 | £144 | £1,247 | £19,207 | 15.4 yrs | £5,742 |
| 7 kW | 6697 kWh | 5023 kWh | 1674 kWh | £1,288 | £167 | £1,455 | £21,242 | 14.6 yrs | £7,866 |
| 8 kW | 7654 kWh | 5741 kWh | 1914 kWh | £1,472 | £191 | £1,663 | £23,276 | 14.0 yrs | £9,989 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,055, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 18.6 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1914 kWh | 1473 kWh | 440 kWh | £378 | £44 | £422 | £13,519 | 32.1 yrs | £-5,083 |
| 3 kW | 2870 kWh | 2210 kWh | 660 kWh | £567 | £66 | £633 | £15,554 | 24.6 yrs | £-2,899 |
| 4 kW | 3827 kWh | 2947 kWh | 880 kWh | £756 | £88 | £844 | £17,588 | 20.8 yrs | £-716 |
| 5 kW | 4784 kWh | 3684 kWh | 1100 kWh | £944 | £110 | £1,055 | £19,623 | 18.6 yrs | £1,468 |
| 6 kW | 5741 kWh | 4420 kWh | 1320 kWh | £1,133 | £132 | £1,265 | £21,657 | 17.1 yrs | £3,651 |
| 7 kW | 6697 kWh | 5157 kWh | 1540 kWh | £1,322 | £154 | £1,476 | £23,692 | 16.0 yrs | £5,835 |
| 8 kW | 7654 kWh | 5894 kWh | 1760 kWh | £1,511 | £176 | £1,687 | £25,726 | 15.2 yrs | £8,018 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.