A typical roof here lands around 4.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 938 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 25.6p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £762, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 13.3 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1876 kWh | 750 kWh | 1125 kWh | £192 | £113 | £305 | £4,069 | 13.3 yrs | £2,029 |
| 3 kW | 2813 kWh | 1125 kWh | 1688 kWh | £289 | £169 | £457 | £6,104 | 13.3 yrs | £3,043 |
| 4 kW | 3751 kWh | 1500 kWh | 2251 kWh | £385 | £225 | £610 | £8,138 | 13.3 yrs | £4,057 |
| 5 kW | 4689 kWh | 1876 kWh | 2813 kWh | £481 | £281 | £762 | £10,173 | 13.3 yrs | £5,072 |
| 6 kW | 5626 kWh | 2251 kWh | 3376 kWh | £577 | £338 | £915 | £12,207 | 13.3 yrs | £6,086 |
| 7 kW | 6564 kWh | 2626 kWh | 3939 kWh | £673 | £394 | £1,067 | £14,242 | 13.3 yrs | £7,100 |
| 8 kW | 7502 kWh | 3001 kWh | 4501 kWh | £769 | £450 | £1,220 | £16,276 | 13.3 yrs | £8,114 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £909, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 13.5 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1876 kWh | 1125 kWh | 750 kWh | £289 | £75 | £364 | £6,169 | 17.0 yrs | £1,102 |
| 3 kW | 2813 kWh | 1688 kWh | 1125 kWh | £433 | £113 | £545 | £8,204 | 15.0 yrs | £2,703 |
| 4 kW | 3751 kWh | 2251 kWh | 1500 kWh | £577 | £150 | £727 | £10,238 | 14.1 yrs | £4,304 |
| 5 kW | 4689 kWh | 2813 kWh | 1876 kWh | £721 | £188 | £909 | £12,273 | 13.5 yrs | £5,905 |
| 6 kW | 5626 kWh | 3376 kWh | 2251 kWh | £866 | £225 | £1,091 | £14,307 | 13.1 yrs | £7,506 |
| 7 kW | 6564 kWh | 3939 kWh | 2626 kWh | £1,010 | £263 | £1,272 | £16,342 | 12.8 yrs | £9,107 |
| 8 kW | 7502 kWh | 4501 kWh | 3001 kWh | £1,154 | £300 | £1,454 | £18,376 | 12.6 yrs | £10,708 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £982, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 13.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1876 kWh | 1313 kWh | 563 kWh | £337 | £56 | £393 | £7,569 | 19.3 yrs | £289 |
| 3 kW | 2813 kWh | 1969 kWh | 844 kWh | £505 | £84 | £589 | £9,604 | 16.3 yrs | £2,183 |
| 4 kW | 3751 kWh | 2626 kWh | 1125 kWh | £673 | £113 | £786 | £11,638 | 14.8 yrs | £4,077 |
| 5 kW | 4689 kWh | 3282 kWh | 1407 kWh | £842 | £141 | £982 | £13,673 | 13.9 yrs | £5,971 |
| 6 kW | 5626 kWh | 3939 kWh | 1688 kWh | £1,010 | £169 | £1,179 | £15,707 | 13.3 yrs | £7,866 |
| 7 kW | 6564 kWh | 4595 kWh | 1969 kWh | £1,178 | £197 | £1,375 | £17,742 | 12.9 yrs | £9,760 |
| 8 kW | 7502 kWh | 5251 kWh | 2251 kWh | £1,346 | £225 | £1,572 | £19,776 | 12.6 yrs | £11,654 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,004, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 15.4 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1876 kWh | 1369 kWh | 506 kWh | £351 | £51 | £402 | £9,319 | 23.2 yrs | £-1,285 |
| 3 kW | 2813 kWh | 2054 kWh | 760 kWh | £527 | £76 | £603 | £11,354 | 18.8 yrs | £697 |
| 4 kW | 3751 kWh | 2738 kWh | 1013 kWh | £702 | £101 | £803 | £13,388 | 16.7 yrs | £2,679 |
| 5 kW | 4689 kWh | 3423 kWh | 1266 kWh | £878 | £127 | £1,004 | £15,423 | 15.4 yrs | £4,661 |
| 6 kW | 5626 kWh | 4107 kWh | 1519 kWh | £1,053 | £152 | £1,205 | £17,457 | 14.5 yrs | £6,644 |
| 7 kW | 6564 kWh | 4792 kWh | 1772 kWh | £1,229 | £177 | £1,406 | £19,492 | 13.9 yrs | £8,626 |
| 8 kW | 7502 kWh | 5476 kWh | 2026 kWh | £1,404 | £203 | £1,607 | £21,526 | 13.4 yrs | £10,608 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,019, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 16.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1876 kWh | 1407 kWh | 469 kWh | £361 | £47 | £408 | £11,069 | 27.2 yrs | £-2,918 |
| 3 kW | 2813 kWh | 2110 kWh | 703 kWh | £541 | £70 | £611 | £13,104 | 21.4 yrs | £-877 |
| 4 kW | 3751 kWh | 2813 kWh | 938 kWh | £721 | £94 | £815 | £15,138 | 18.6 yrs | £1,164 |
| 5 kW | 4689 kWh | 3517 kWh | 1172 kWh | £902 | £117 | £1,019 | £17,173 | 16.9 yrs | £3,205 |
| 6 kW | 5626 kWh | 4220 kWh | 1407 kWh | £1,082 | £141 | £1,223 | £19,207 | 15.7 yrs | £5,246 |
| 7 kW | 6564 kWh | 4923 kWh | 1641 kWh | £1,262 | £164 | £1,426 | £21,242 | 14.9 yrs | £7,287 |
| 8 kW | 7502 kWh | 5626 kWh | 1876 kWh | £1,443 | £188 | £1,630 | £23,276 | 14.3 yrs | £9,328 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,034, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 19.0 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1876 kWh | 1444 kWh | 431 kWh | £370 | £43 | £413 | £13,519 | 32.7 yrs | £-5,251 |
| 3 kW | 2813 kWh | 2166 kWh | 647 kWh | £555 | £65 | £620 | £15,554 | 25.1 yrs | £-3,151 |
| 4 kW | 3751 kWh | 2888 kWh | 863 kWh | £741 | £86 | £827 | £17,588 | 21.3 yrs | £-1,052 |
| 5 kW | 4689 kWh | 3610 kWh | 1078 kWh | £926 | £108 | £1,034 | £19,623 | 19.0 yrs | £1,048 |
| 6 kW | 5626 kWh | 4332 kWh | 1294 kWh | £1,111 | £129 | £1,240 | £21,657 | 17.5 yrs | £3,148 |
| 7 kW | 6564 kWh | 5054 kWh | 1510 kWh | £1,296 | £151 | £1,447 | £23,692 | 16.4 yrs | £5,247 |
| 8 kW | 7502 kWh | 5777 kWh | 1725 kWh | £1,481 | £173 | £1,654 | £25,726 | 15.6 yrs | £7,347 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.