A typical roof here lands around 4.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 936 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 25.6p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £761, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 13.4 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1872 kWh | 749 kWh | 1123 kWh | £192 | £112 | £304 | £4,069 | 13.4 yrs | £2,017 |
| 3 kW | 2808 kWh | 1123 kWh | 1685 kWh | £288 | £168 | £456 | £6,104 | 13.4 yrs | £3,025 |
| 4 kW | 3744 kWh | 1498 kWh | 2246 kWh | £384 | £225 | £609 | £8,138 | 13.4 yrs | £4,034 |
| 5 kW | 4680 kWh | 1872 kWh | 2808 kWh | £480 | £281 | £761 | £10,173 | 13.4 yrs | £5,042 |
| 6 kW | 5616 kWh | 2246 kWh | 3369 kWh | £576 | £337 | £913 | £12,207 | 13.4 yrs | £6,051 |
| 7 kW | 6552 kWh | 2621 kWh | 3931 kWh | £672 | £393 | £1,065 | £14,242 | 13.4 yrs | £7,059 |
| 8 kW | 7488 kWh | 2995 kWh | 4493 kWh | £768 | £449 | £1,217 | £16,276 | 13.4 yrs | £8,067 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £907, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 13.5 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1872 kWh | 1123 kWh | 749 kWh | £288 | £75 | £363 | £6,169 | 17.0 yrs | £1,088 |
| 3 kW | 2808 kWh | 1685 kWh | 1123 kWh | £432 | £112 | £544 | £8,204 | 15.1 yrs | £2,682 |
| 4 kW | 3744 kWh | 2246 kWh | 1498 kWh | £576 | £150 | £726 | £10,238 | 14.1 yrs | £4,276 |
| 5 kW | 4680 kWh | 2808 kWh | 1872 kWh | £720 | £187 | £907 | £12,273 | 13.5 yrs | £5,870 |
| 6 kW | 5616 kWh | 3369 kWh | 2246 kWh | £864 | £225 | £1,089 | £14,307 | 13.1 yrs | £7,464 |
| 7 kW | 6552 kWh | 3931 kWh | 2621 kWh | £1,008 | £262 | £1,270 | £16,342 | 12.9 yrs | £9,058 |
| 8 kW | 7488 kWh | 4493 kWh | 2995 kWh | £1,152 | £300 | £1,451 | £18,376 | 12.7 yrs | £10,652 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £980, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 13.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1872 kWh | 1310 kWh | 562 kWh | £336 | £56 | £392 | £7,569 | 19.3 yrs | £273 |
| 3 kW | 2808 kWh | 1965 kWh | 842 kWh | £504 | £84 | £588 | £9,604 | 16.3 yrs | £2,160 |
| 4 kW | 3744 kWh | 2621 kWh | 1123 kWh | £672 | £112 | £784 | £11,638 | 14.8 yrs | £4,047 |
| 5 kW | 4680 kWh | 3276 kWh | 1404 kWh | £840 | £140 | £980 | £13,673 | 13.9 yrs | £5,934 |
| 6 kW | 5616 kWh | 3931 kWh | 1685 kWh | £1,008 | £168 | £1,176 | £15,707 | 13.4 yrs | £7,820 |
| 7 kW | 6552 kWh | 4586 kWh | 1965 kWh | £1,176 | £197 | £1,372 | £17,742 | 12.9 yrs | £9,707 |
| 8 kW | 7488 kWh | 5241 kWh | 2246 kWh | £1,344 | £225 | £1,568 | £19,776 | 12.6 yrs | £11,594 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,002, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 15.4 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1872 kWh | 1366 kWh | 505 kWh | £350 | £51 | £401 | £9,319 | 23.2 yrs | £-1,301 |
| 3 kW | 2808 kWh | 2050 kWh | 758 kWh | £526 | £76 | £601 | £11,354 | 18.9 yrs | £674 |
| 4 kW | 3744 kWh | 2733 kWh | 1011 kWh | £701 | £101 | £802 | £13,388 | 16.7 yrs | £2,648 |
| 5 kW | 4680 kWh | 3416 kWh | 1264 kWh | £876 | £126 | £1,002 | £15,423 | 15.4 yrs | £4,623 |
| 6 kW | 5616 kWh | 4099 kWh | 1516 kWh | £1,051 | £152 | £1,203 | £17,457 | 14.5 yrs | £6,597 |
| 7 kW | 6552 kWh | 4783 kWh | 1769 kWh | £1,226 | £177 | £1,403 | £19,492 | 13.9 yrs | £8,572 |
| 8 kW | 7488 kWh | 5466 kWh | 2022 kWh | £1,401 | £202 | £1,604 | £21,526 | 13.4 yrs | £10,546 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,017, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 16.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1872 kWh | 1404 kWh | 468 kWh | £360 | £47 | £407 | £11,069 | 27.2 yrs | £-2,934 |
| 3 kW | 2808 kWh | 2106 kWh | 702 kWh | £540 | £70 | £610 | £13,104 | 21.5 yrs | £-901 |
| 4 kW | 3744 kWh | 2808 kWh | 936 kWh | £720 | £94 | £814 | £15,138 | 18.6 yrs | £1,132 |
| 5 kW | 4680 kWh | 3510 kWh | 1170 kWh | £900 | £117 | £1,017 | £17,173 | 16.9 yrs | £3,165 |
| 6 kW | 5616 kWh | 4212 kWh | 1404 kWh | £1,080 | £140 | £1,220 | £19,207 | 15.7 yrs | £5,199 |
| 7 kW | 6552 kWh | 4914 kWh | 1638 kWh | £1,260 | £164 | £1,424 | £21,242 | 14.9 yrs | £7,232 |
| 8 kW | 7488 kWh | 5616 kWh | 1872 kWh | £1,440 | £187 | £1,627 | £23,276 | 14.3 yrs | £9,265 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,032, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 19.0 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1872 kWh | 1441 kWh | 431 kWh | £370 | £43 | £413 | £13,519 | 32.8 yrs | £-5,267 |
| 3 kW | 2808 kWh | 2162 kWh | 646 kWh | £554 | £65 | £619 | £15,554 | 25.1 yrs | £-3,175 |
| 4 kW | 3744 kWh | 2883 kWh | 861 kWh | £739 | £86 | £825 | £17,588 | 21.3 yrs | £-1,083 |
| 5 kW | 4680 kWh | 3603 kWh | 1076 kWh | £924 | £108 | £1,032 | £19,623 | 19.0 yrs | £1,008 |
| 6 kW | 5616 kWh | 4324 kWh | 1292 kWh | £1,109 | £129 | £1,238 | £21,657 | 17.5 yrs | £3,100 |
| 7 kW | 6552 kWh | 5045 kWh | 1507 kWh | £1,293 | £151 | £1,444 | £23,692 | 16.4 yrs | £5,191 |
| 8 kW | 7488 kWh | 5765 kWh | 1722 kWh | £1,478 | £172 | £1,650 | £25,726 | 15.6 yrs | £7,283 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.