A typical roof here lands around 4.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 949 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 25.6p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £771, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 13.2 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1897 kWh | 759 kWh | 1138 kWh | £195 | £114 | £308 | £4,069 | 13.2 yrs | £2,099 |
| 3 kW | 2846 kWh | 1138 kWh | 1707 kWh | £292 | £171 | £463 | £6,104 | 13.2 yrs | £3,149 |
| 4 kW | 3794 kWh | 1518 kWh | 2277 kWh | £389 | £228 | £617 | £8,138 | 13.2 yrs | £4,198 |
| 5 kW | 4743 kWh | 1897 kWh | 2846 kWh | £486 | £285 | £771 | £10,173 | 13.2 yrs | £5,248 |
| 6 kW | 5692 kWh | 2277 kWh | 3415 kWh | £584 | £341 | £925 | £12,207 | 13.2 yrs | £6,297 |
| 7 kW | 6640 kWh | 2656 kWh | 3984 kWh | £681 | £398 | £1,079 | £14,242 | 13.2 yrs | £7,347 |
| 8 kW | 7589 kWh | 3035 kWh | 4553 kWh | £778 | £455 | £1,234 | £16,276 | 13.2 yrs | £8,396 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £919, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 13.3 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1897 kWh | 1138 kWh | 759 kWh | £292 | £76 | £368 | £6,169 | 16.8 yrs | £1,186 |
| 3 kW | 2846 kWh | 1707 kWh | 1138 kWh | £438 | £114 | £552 | £8,204 | 14.9 yrs | £2,829 |
| 4 kW | 3794 kWh | 2277 kWh | 1518 kWh | £584 | £152 | £735 | £10,238 | 13.9 yrs | £4,472 |
| 5 kW | 4743 kWh | 2846 kWh | 1897 kWh | £730 | £190 | £919 | £12,273 | 13.3 yrs | £6,115 |
| 6 kW | 5692 kWh | 3415 kWh | 2277 kWh | £876 | £228 | £1,103 | £14,307 | 13.0 yrs | £7,758 |
| 7 kW | 6640 kWh | 3984 kWh | 2656 kWh | £1,022 | £266 | £1,287 | £16,342 | 12.7 yrs | £9,401 |
| 8 kW | 7589 kWh | 4553 kWh | 3035 kWh | £1,167 | £304 | £1,471 | £18,376 | 12.5 yrs | £11,044 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £994, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 13.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1897 kWh | 1328 kWh | 569 kWh | £341 | £57 | £397 | £7,569 | 19.0 yrs | £379 |
| 3 kW | 2846 kWh | 1992 kWh | 854 kWh | £511 | £85 | £596 | £9,604 | 16.1 yrs | £2,319 |
| 4 kW | 3794 kWh | 2656 kWh | 1138 kWh | £681 | £114 | £795 | £11,638 | 14.6 yrs | £4,259 |
| 5 kW | 4743 kWh | 3320 kWh | 1423 kWh | £851 | £142 | £994 | £13,673 | 13.8 yrs | £6,199 |
| 6 kW | 5692 kWh | 3984 kWh | 1707 kWh | £1,022 | £171 | £1,192 | £15,707 | 13.2 yrs | £8,138 |
| 7 kW | 6640 kWh | 4648 kWh | 1992 kWh | £1,192 | £199 | £1,391 | £17,742 | 12.8 yrs | £10,078 |
| 8 kW | 7589 kWh | 5312 kWh | 2277 kWh | £1,362 | £228 | £1,590 | £19,776 | 12.4 yrs | £12,018 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,016, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 15.2 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1897 kWh | 1385 kWh | 512 kWh | £355 | £51 | £406 | £9,319 | 22.9 yrs | £-1,193 |
| 3 kW | 2846 kWh | 2077 kWh | 768 kWh | £533 | £77 | £609 | £11,354 | 18.6 yrs | £836 |
| 4 kW | 3794 kWh | 2770 kWh | 1024 kWh | £710 | £102 | £813 | £13,388 | 16.5 yrs | £2,865 |
| 5 kW | 4743 kWh | 3462 kWh | 1281 kWh | £888 | £128 | £1,016 | £15,423 | 15.2 yrs | £4,894 |
| 6 kW | 5692 kWh | 4155 kWh | 1537 kWh | £1,065 | £154 | £1,219 | £17,457 | 14.3 yrs | £6,922 |
| 7 kW | 6640 kWh | 4847 kWh | 1793 kWh | £1,243 | £179 | £1,422 | £19,492 | 13.7 yrs | £8,951 |
| 8 kW | 7589 kWh | 5540 kWh | 2049 kWh | £1,420 | £205 | £1,625 | £21,526 | 13.2 yrs | £10,980 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,031, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 16.7 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1897 kWh | 1423 kWh | 474 kWh | £365 | £47 | £412 | £11,069 | 26.8 yrs | £-2,824 |
| 3 kW | 2846 kWh | 2134 kWh | 711 kWh | £547 | £71 | £618 | £13,104 | 21.2 yrs | £-736 |
| 4 kW | 3794 kWh | 2846 kWh | 949 kWh | £730 | £95 | £825 | £15,138 | 18.4 yrs | £1,352 |
| 5 kW | 4743 kWh | 3557 kWh | 1186 kWh | £912 | £119 | £1,031 | £17,173 | 16.7 yrs | £3,440 |
| 6 kW | 5692 kWh | 4269 kWh | 1423 kWh | £1,094 | £142 | £1,237 | £19,207 | 15.5 yrs | £5,528 |
| 7 kW | 6640 kWh | 4980 kWh | 1660 kWh | £1,277 | £166 | £1,443 | £21,242 | 14.7 yrs | £7,616 |
| 8 kW | 7589 kWh | 5692 kWh | 1897 kWh | £1,459 | £190 | £1,649 | £23,276 | 14.1 yrs | £9,704 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,045, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 18.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1897 kWh | 1461 kWh | 436 kWh | £375 | £44 | £418 | £13,519 | 32.3 yrs | £-5,155 |
| 3 kW | 2846 kWh | 2191 kWh | 655 kWh | £562 | £65 | £627 | £15,554 | 24.8 yrs | £-3,008 |
| 4 kW | 3794 kWh | 2922 kWh | 873 kWh | £749 | £87 | £836 | £17,588 | 21.0 yrs | £-860 |
| 5 kW | 4743 kWh | 3652 kWh | 1091 kWh | £936 | £109 | £1,045 | £19,623 | 18.8 yrs | £1,287 |
| 6 kW | 5692 kWh | 4382 kWh | 1309 kWh | £1,124 | £131 | £1,255 | £21,657 | 17.3 yrs | £3,434 |
| 7 kW | 6640 kWh | 5113 kWh | 1527 kWh | £1,311 | £153 | £1,464 | £23,692 | 16.2 yrs | £5,582 |
| 8 kW | 7589 kWh | 5843 kWh | 1745 kWh | £1,498 | £175 | £1,673 | £25,726 | 15.4 yrs | £7,729 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.