A typical roof here lands around 5.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 942 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 25.6p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £766, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 13.3 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1884 kWh | 754 kWh | 1130 kWh | £193 | £113 | £306 | £4,069 | 13.3 yrs | £2,056 |
| 3 kW | 2826 kWh | 1130 kWh | 1695 kWh | £290 | £170 | £459 | £6,104 | 13.3 yrs | £3,083 |
| 4 kW | 3768 kWh | 1507 kWh | 2261 kWh | £386 | £226 | £612 | £8,138 | 13.3 yrs | £4,111 |
| 5 kW | 4710 kWh | 1884 kWh | 2826 kWh | £483 | £283 | £766 | £10,173 | 13.3 yrs | £5,139 |
| 6 kW | 5651 kWh | 2261 kWh | 3391 kWh | £580 | £339 | £919 | £12,207 | 13.3 yrs | £6,167 |
| 7 kW | 6593 kWh | 2637 kWh | 3956 kWh | £676 | £396 | £1,072 | £14,242 | 13.3 yrs | £7,195 |
| 8 kW | 7535 kWh | 3014 kWh | 4521 kWh | £773 | £452 | £1,225 | £16,276 | 13.3 yrs | £8,223 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £913, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 13.4 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1884 kWh | 1130 kWh | 754 kWh | £290 | £75 | £365 | £6,169 | 16.9 yrs | £1,134 |
| 3 kW | 2826 kWh | 1695 kWh | 1130 kWh | £435 | £113 | £548 | £8,204 | 15.0 yrs | £2,751 |
| 4 kW | 3768 kWh | 2261 kWh | 1507 kWh | £580 | £151 | £730 | £10,238 | 14.0 yrs | £4,368 |
| 5 kW | 4710 kWh | 2826 kWh | 1884 kWh | £725 | £188 | £913 | £12,273 | 13.4 yrs | £5,985 |
| 6 kW | 5651 kWh | 3391 kWh | 2261 kWh | £869 | £226 | £1,095 | £14,307 | 13.1 yrs | £7,603 |
| 7 kW | 6593 kWh | 3956 kWh | 2637 kWh | £1,014 | £264 | £1,278 | £16,342 | 12.8 yrs | £9,220 |
| 8 kW | 7535 kWh | 4521 kWh | 3014 kWh | £1,159 | £301 | £1,461 | £18,376 | 12.6 yrs | £10,837 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £987, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 13.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1884 kWh | 1319 kWh | 565 kWh | £338 | £57 | £395 | £7,569 | 19.2 yrs | £323 |
| 3 kW | 2826 kWh | 1978 kWh | 848 kWh | £507 | £85 | £592 | £9,604 | 16.2 yrs | £2,235 |
| 4 kW | 3768 kWh | 2637 kWh | 1130 kWh | £676 | £113 | £789 | £11,638 | 14.7 yrs | £4,147 |
| 5 kW | 4710 kWh | 3297 kWh | 1413 kWh | £845 | £141 | £987 | £13,673 | 13.9 yrs | £6,059 |
| 6 kW | 5651 kWh | 3956 kWh | 1695 kWh | £1,014 | £170 | £1,184 | £15,707 | 13.3 yrs | £7,970 |
| 7 kW | 6593 kWh | 4615 kWh | 1978 kWh | £1,183 | £198 | £1,381 | £17,742 | 12.8 yrs | £9,882 |
| 8 kW | 7535 kWh | 5275 kWh | 2261 kWh | £1,352 | £226 | £1,578 | £19,776 | 12.5 yrs | £11,794 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,009, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 15.3 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1884 kWh | 1375 kWh | 509 kWh | £353 | £51 | £403 | £9,319 | 23.1 yrs | £-1,250 |
| 3 kW | 2826 kWh | 2063 kWh | 763 kWh | £529 | £76 | £605 | £11,354 | 18.8 yrs | £750 |
| 4 kW | 3768 kWh | 2750 kWh | 1017 kWh | £705 | £102 | £807 | £13,388 | 16.6 yrs | £2,750 |
| 5 kW | 4710 kWh | 3438 kWh | 1272 kWh | £881 | £127 | £1,009 | £15,423 | 15.3 yrs | £4,751 |
| 6 kW | 5651 kWh | 4126 kWh | 1526 kWh | £1,058 | £153 | £1,210 | £17,457 | 14.4 yrs | £6,751 |
| 7 kW | 6593 kWh | 4813 kWh | 1780 kWh | £1,234 | £178 | £1,412 | £19,492 | 13.8 yrs | £8,751 |
| 8 kW | 7535 kWh | 5501 kWh | 2035 kWh | £1,410 | £203 | £1,614 | £21,526 | 13.3 yrs | £10,751 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,023, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 16.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1884 kWh | 1413 kWh | 471 kWh | £362 | £47 | £409 | £11,069 | 27.0 yrs | £-2,882 |
| 3 kW | 2826 kWh | 2119 kWh | 706 kWh | £543 | £71 | £614 | £13,104 | 21.3 yrs | £-823 |
| 4 kW | 3768 kWh | 2826 kWh | 942 kWh | £725 | £94 | £819 | £15,138 | 18.5 yrs | £1,236 |
| 5 kW | 4710 kWh | 3532 kWh | 1177 kWh | £906 | £118 | £1,023 | £17,173 | 16.8 yrs | £3,295 |
| 6 kW | 5651 kWh | 4239 kWh | 1413 kWh | £1,087 | £141 | £1,228 | £19,207 | 15.6 yrs | £5,354 |
| 7 kW | 6593 kWh | 4945 kWh | 1648 kWh | £1,268 | £165 | £1,433 | £21,242 | 14.8 yrs | £7,413 |
| 8 kW | 7535 kWh | 5651 kWh | 1884 kWh | £1,449 | £188 | £1,637 | £23,276 | 14.2 yrs | £9,472 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,038, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 18.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1884 kWh | 1451 kWh | 433 kWh | £372 | £43 | £415 | £13,519 | 32.6 yrs | £-5,214 |
| 3 kW | 2826 kWh | 2176 kWh | 650 kWh | £558 | £65 | £623 | £15,554 | 25.0 yrs | £-3,096 |
| 4 kW | 3768 kWh | 2901 kWh | 867 kWh | £744 | £87 | £830 | £17,588 | 21.2 yrs | £-978 |
| 5 kW | 4710 kWh | 3626 kWh | 1083 kWh | £930 | £108 | £1,038 | £19,623 | 18.9 yrs | £1,140 |
| 6 kW | 5651 kWh | 4352 kWh | 1300 kWh | £1,116 | £130 | £1,246 | £21,657 | 17.4 yrs | £3,258 |
| 7 kW | 6593 kWh | 5077 kWh | 1516 kWh | £1,302 | £152 | £1,453 | £23,692 | 16.3 yrs | £5,376 |
| 8 kW | 7535 kWh | 5802 kWh | 1733 kWh | £1,488 | £173 | £1,661 | £25,726 | 15.5 yrs | £7,494 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.